scholarly journals Hypothyroxinemia in Pregnancy is Related with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Author(s):  
Miriam Muoz
2003 ◽  
Vol 160 (6) ◽  
pp. 1028-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Markussen Linnet ◽  
Søren Dalsgaard ◽  
Carsten Obel ◽  
Kirsten Wisborg ◽  
Tine Brink Henriksen ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Werenberg Dreier ◽  
Anne‐Marie Nybo Andersen ◽  
Allan Hvolby ◽  
Ester Garne ◽  
Per Kragh Andersen ◽  
...  

Epidemiology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Morales ◽  
Jordi Julvez ◽  
Maties Torrent ◽  
Ferran Ballester ◽  
Clara L. Rodríguez-Bernal ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asher Ornoy ◽  
Gideon Koren

: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral condition found in 5-10% of school age children and in 2-5% of adults. Stimulants, affecting the dopaminergic, noradrenergic and/or serotonergic systems are commonly used for treatment in children and adults, including women of child bearing age. The data on the effects of stimulants (methylphenidate and amphetamines) in pregnancy are generally reassuring but methylphenidate might slightly increase the rate of cardiac malformations and of spontaneous abortions, while amphetamines might slightly increase the risk for premature birth, low birth weight and other pregnancy complications. Bupropion, a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, when used as an antidepressant appears to be safe in pregnancy. The data on the use of atomoxetine, guanfacine and clonidine in pregnancy are scarce. Importantly, there are practically no data on the long-term neurodevelopmental effects of most of these drugs. The published data on the development of children born to methamphetamine- abusing women may be misleading since these women generally use other drugs including alcohol and the home environment where the child is raised may not be optimal. The treating physician should judge the need of treatment during pregnancy in relation to the severity of the clinical symptoms. If needed, methylphenidate is preferred over amphetamines because breast feeding is possible. If one uses non-stimulant medications bupropion seems to be the preferred drug.


2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Stern ◽  
M Orth ◽  
M M Robertson

Tourette syndrome is a neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by motor and vocal tics with further co-morbidities, e.g. obsessive–compulsive disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. There is only a single prior case report in pregnancy in addition to a postal questionnaire study including 10 pregnancies. In a series of 11 pregnancies in patients assessed by the authors, there were no adverse effects on the pregnancy, although some obstetricians were unduly concerned. There was no consistent effect on the severity of the tics, although in some women there seemed to be a significant improvement during pregnancy.


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