scholarly journals Two Cultures, Multiple Theoretical Perspectives: The Problem of Integration of Natural and Social Sciences in Earth System Research

10.5772/28952 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Digenes S.
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Earth System ◽  
System Research ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives

ISIS Propaganda

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
International Security ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Social ◽  
One Stop ◽  
Stop Point

ISIS Propaganda offers a comprehensive overview and analysis of the Islamic State’s (IS) propaganda. Combining a range of different theoretical perspectives from across the social sciences and using rigorous methods, the authors pursue several interconnected tasks. They trace the origins of IS’s message, they lay bare the strategic logic guiding its evolution, they examine each of its many components (magazines, videos, music, social media, etc.) and show how they work together to radicalize audiences’ worldviews, and they highlight the challenges such a “full-spectrum propaganda” raises in terms of counterterrorism. The volume hence not only represents a one-stop point for any analyst of IS and Salafi-jihadism, but also a rich contribution to the study of text and visual propaganda, radicalization and political violence, and international security.

A Phenomenology of Rhythm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lexi Eikelboom
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Henri Lefebvre ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Analytical Importance ◽  
Jazz Performance

This chapter proposes a framework for approaching the theological significance of rhythm through phenomenology, prosody, and the social sciences. In accordance with the general categories of phenomenology established by Merleau-Ponty and the “rhythmanalysis” of Henri Lefebvre, the chapter investigates two experiences of rhythm: approaches to analysing the human encounter with rhythm in the reading of poetry and the role of rhythm in social interactions introduced through commonalities between rhythm in conversation and in jazz performance. These explorations establish two features of rhythm that are of analytical importance for the chapters that follow: (1) the synchronic and the diachronic as two necessary but distinct theoretical perspectives on rhythm, each of which emphasizes different features of rhythm and (2) the importance of interruption for understanding rhythm’s significance.

scholarly journals Organizing in the Anthropocene

Organization ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Wright ◽  
Daniel Nyberg ◽  
Lauren Rickards ◽  
James Freund
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Crucial Issue ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Introductory Article

The functioning of the biosphere and the Earth as a whole is being radically disrupted due to human activities, evident in climate change, toxic pollution and mass species extinction. Financialization and exponential growth in production, consumption and population now threaten our planet’s life-support systems. These profound changes have led Earth System scientists to argue we have now entered a new geological epoch – the Anthropocene. In this introductory article to the Special Issue, we first set out the origins of the Anthropocene and some of the key debates around this concept within the physical and social sciences. We then explore five key organizing narratives that inform current economic, technological, political and cultural understandings of the Anthropocene and link these to the contributions in this Special Issue. We argue that the Anthropocene is the crucial issue for organizational scholars to engage with in order to not only understand on-going anthropogenic problems but also help create alternative forms of organizing based on realistic Earth–human relations.

scholarly journals Estudo da Temperatura da Superfície do Mar para os Oceanos Atlântico e Pacífico Utilizando a Técnica de Análises de Componente Principal e de Agrupamento (Study of Sea Surface Temperature for the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans Using the Technique of...)

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Madson Tavares Silva ◽  
Stephany C. F. Do Egito Costa ◽  
Manoel Francisco Gomes Filho ◽  
Daisy B. Lucena
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Earth System ◽  
System Research

Apresenta-se neste estudo a avaliação da metodologia de Análises Multivariadas: Análises em Componente Principal (ACP) e de Agrupamento (AA), aos dados de Temperatura da Superfície do Mar (TSM) para os Oceanos Atlântico (Norte (NATL), Tropical (TROP) e Sul (SATL)) e Pacifico (NIÑO1+2, NIÑO3.4, NIÑO3 e NIÑO4). Foram utilizados dados mensais de janeiro de 1950 a dezembro de 2010 de TSM obtidos na NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Earth System Research Laboratory). As regiões TROP e NIÑO4 apresentam as maiores TSM para os meses entre dezembro-julho. A região NATL apresenta no período de agosto-outubro seu maiores valores de TSM. A região NIÑo1+2 apresentou os menores valores de TSM. Os resultados da Análise em Componente Principal (ACP) identificaram maiores pesos na variação total explicada pelas duas primeiras componentes, que representam cerca de 100% da variância total dos dados de TSM. A Análise de Agrupamento (AA), pelo método Ward, permitiu o agrupamento das estações em três grupos homogêneos. Palavras - chave: Análises Multivariadas, Mudanças climáticas, Aquecimento Global.   Study of Sea Surface Temperature for the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans Using the Technique of Principal Component Analysis and Cluster   ABSTRACT Presented in this study was to evaluate the methodology of Multivariate Analysis: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA), the data of sea surface temperature (SST) for the Atlantic (North (NATL), Tropical (TROP) and South (Satler)) and Pacific (+2 NIÑO1, NIÑO3.4, and NIÑO3 NIÑO4). We used monthly data from January 1950 to December 2010 SST obtained from NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration / Earth System Research Laboratory). TROP and NIÑO4 regions have the highest SST for the months from December to July. NATL The region has in the period August-October SST your highest values +2 NIÑo1 The region had the lowest values of TSM. Results on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified higher weights in the total variation explained by the first two components, which represent about 100% of the total variance of SST. The Cluster Analysis (AA), the Ward method, allowed the grouping of stations into three homogeneous groups. Keywords: Multivariate Analysis, Climate Change, Global Warming.

The Anthropocene’s dating problem: Insights from the geosciences and the humanities

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Nichols ◽  
Bina Gogineni
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Geologic Record ◽  
Earth’S System

The Anthropocene, generally defined, is the time when human activities have a significant impact on the Earth System. However, the natural sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences have different understandings of how and when human activities affected the Earth System. Humanities and social science scholars tend to approach the Anthropocene from a wide range of moral-political concerns including differential responsibility for the change in the Earth System and social implications going forward. Geologists, on the other hand, see their work as uninfluenced by such considerations, instead concerning themselves with empirical data that might point to a ‘golden spike’ in the geologic record – the spike indicating a change in the Earth System. Thus, the natural sciences and the humanities/social sciences are incongruent in two important ways: (1) different motivations for establishing a new geologic era, and (2) different parameters for identifying it. The Anthropocene discussions have already hinted at a paradigm shift in how to define geologic time periods. Several articles suggest a mid-20th century commencement of the Anthropocene based on stratigraphic relationships identified in concert with knowledge of human history. While some geologists in the Anthropocene Working Group have stated that the official category should be useful well beyond geology, they continue to be guided by the stratigraphic conventions of defining the epoch. However, the methods and motivations that govern stratigraphers are different from those that govern humanists and social scientists. An Anthropocene defined by stratigraphic convention would supersede many of the humanities/social science perspectives that perhaps matter more to mitigating and adapting to the effects of humans on Earth’s System. By this reasoning, the impetus for defining the Anthropocene ought to be interdisciplinary, as traditional geologic criteria for defining the temporal scale might not meet the aspirations of a broad range of Anthropocene thinkers.

The divided views of the information and digital divides: A call for integrative theories of information inequality

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 660-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangzhi Yu
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Information Inequality ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Digital Divides ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Information Poverty

This article defines information inequality as multifaceted disparity between individuals, communities or nations in mobilizing society’s information resources for the benefit of their lives and development. It then examines related research from a wide range of disciplines that focuses either on information inequality in general or on its specific forms, e.g. information poverty, information divide, knowledge gap and digital divide. It shows that it is possible to identify a number of clusters of information inequality research according to their theoretical perspectives, and that these perspectives have inherited to a great extent the traditional divisions of social sciences between structure vs agency, society vs individuals and objectivism vs subjectivism. Following earlier calls for greater dialogue between divisions of related research, this article goes further to call for integrative theorizing of information inequality in the way exemplified by Bourdieu’s research on social inequality.

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