scholarly journals Salivary Cortisol Can Reflect Adiposity and Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetes

10.5772/27172 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Matsuzawa ◽  
Kenichi Sakurai ◽  
Jun Saito ◽  
Masao Omura ◽  
Tetsuo Nishikaw
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Salivary Cortisol

Metabolic flexibility, insulin sensitivity and genetic variations in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Apostolopoulou ◽  
K Strassburger ◽  
B Knebel ◽  
J Kotzka ◽  
J Szendroedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Metabolic Flexibility ◽  
Newly Diagnosed

970-P: Comparative Assessment of the Effect of Vildagliptin and Metformin on Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Newly Diagnosed Asian Indians with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 970-P
Author(s):  
KRISHNAMOORTHY SATHEESH ◽  
CHAMUKUTTAN SNEHALATHA ◽  
ARUN NANDITHA ◽  
ARUN RAGHAVAN ◽  
RAMACHANDRAN VINITHA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Asian Indians ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell Function

Association of plasma acylcarnitines with insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and prediabetes in a biracial cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 153537022110094
Author(s):  
Ibiye Owei ◽  
Nkiru Umekwe ◽  
Frankie Stentz ◽  
Jim Wan ◽  
Sam Dagogo-Jack
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Intravenous Glucose

The ability to predict prediabetes, which affects ∼90 million adults in the US and ∼400 million adults worldwide, would be valuable to public health. Acylcarnitines, fatty acid metabolites, have been associated with type 2 diabetes risk in cross-sectional studies of mostly Caucasian subjects, but prospective studies on their link to prediabetes in diverse populations are lacking. Here, we determined the association of plasma acylcarnitines with incident prediabetes in African Americans and European Americans enrolled in a prospective study. We analyzed 45 acylcarnitines in baseline plasma samples from 70 adults (35 African-American, 35 European-American) with incident prediabetes (progressors) and 70 matched controls (non-progressors) during 5.5-year (mean 2.6 years) follow-up in the Pathobiology of Prediabetes in a Biracial Cohort (POP-ABC) study. Incident prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose/impaired glucose tolerance) was confirmed with OGTT. We measured acylcarnitines using tandem mass spectrometry, insulin sensitivity by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, and insulin secretion using intravenous glucose tolerance test. The results showed that progressors and non-progressors during POP-ABC study follow-up were concordant for 36 acylcarnitines and discordant for nine others. In logistic regression models, beta-hydroxy butyryl carnitine (C4-OH), 3-hydroxy-isovaleryl carnitine/malonyl carnitine (C5-OH/C3-DC), and octenoyl carnitine (C8:1) were the only significant predictors of incident prediabetes. The combined cut-off plasma levels of <0.03 micromol/L for C4-OH, <0.03 micromol/L for C5-OH/C3-DC, and >0.25 micromol/L for C8:1 acylcarnitines predicted incident prediabetes with 81.9% sensitivity and 65.2% specificity. Thus, circulating levels of one medium-chain and two short-chain acylcarnitines may be sensitive biomarkers for the risk of incident prediabetes among initially normoglycemic individuals with parental history of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Modulation of Insulin Sensitivity and Caveolin-1 Expression by Orchidectomy in a Nonobese Type 2 Diabetes Animal Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon Sin Oh ◽  
Tae Sup Lee ◽  
Gi Jeong Cheon ◽  
Ik-Soon Jang ◽  
Hee-Sook Jun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Caveolin 1

scholarly journals Beneficial Effects of Canagliflozin in Combination with Pioglitazone on Insulin Sensitivity in Rodent Models of Obese Type 2 Diabetes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e0116851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Watanabe ◽  
Keiko Nakayama ◽  
Nobuhiko Taniuchi ◽  
Yasushi Horai ◽  
Chiaki Kuriyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Obesity modifies the effects of the Asp905Tyr variant of PPP1R3A on risk of type 2 diabetes and insulin sensitivity

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mammarella ◽  
B. Creati ◽  
T. Staniscia ◽  
F. Verginelli ◽  
L. Manzoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity

scholarly journals The Metabolic Syndrome in Overweight Hispanic Youth and the Role of Insulin Sensitivity

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha L. Cruz ◽  
Marc J. Weigensberg ◽  
Terry T.-K. Huang ◽  
Geoff Ball ◽  
Gabriel Q. Shaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Family History ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Hispanic Youth ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is highest among Hispanic adults. However, studies exploring the metabolic syndrome in overweight Hispanic youth are lacking. Subjects were 126 overweight children (8–13 yr of age) with a family history for type 2 diabetes. The metabolic syndrome was defined as having at least three of the following: abdominal obesity, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and/or impaired glucose tolerance. Insulin sensitivity was determined by the frequently sampled iv glucose tolerance test and minimal modeling. The prevalence of abdominal obesity, low HDL cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, systolic and diastolic hypertension, and impaired glucose tolerance was 62, 67, 26, 22, 4, and 27%, respectively. The presence of zero, one, two, or three or more features of the metabolic syndrome was 9, 22, 38, and 30%, respectively. After controlling for body composition, insulin sensitivity was positively related to HDL cholesterol (P &lt; 0.01) and negatively related to triglycerides (P &lt; 0.001) and systolic (P &lt; 0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (P &lt; 0.05). Insulin sensitivity significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.001) as the number of features of the metabolic syndrome increased. In conclusion, overweight Hispanic youth with a family history for type 2 diabetes are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, and this appears to be due to decreased insulin sensitivity. Improving insulin resistance may be crucial for the prevention of chronic disease in this at-risk population.

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