scholarly journals Influence of Horizontal Temperature Gradients on Convective Instabilities with Geophysical Interest

10.5772/26535 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Herrero ◽  
M. C. ◽  
F. Pl
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
Convective Instabilities ◽  
Horizontal Temperature Gradients

Instabilities of dynamic thermocapillary liquid layers. Part 1. Convective instabilities

1983 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 119-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc K. Smith ◽  
Stephen H. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Rigid Plate ◽  
Convective Instabilities ◽  
Flow Profiles ◽  
Steady Shear Flow ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Bounded Below ◽  
Horizontal Temperature Gradients

A planar liquid layer is bounded below by a rigid plate and above by an interface with a passive gas. A steady shear flow is set up by imposing a temperature gradient along the layer and driving the motion by thermocapillarity. This dynamic state is susceptible to two types of thermal-convective instabilities: (i) stationary longitudinal rolls, which involve the classical Marangoni instability studied by Pearson; and (ii) unsteady hydrothermal waves, which involve a new mechanism of instability deriving its energy from the horizontal temperature gradients. Thermal stability characteristics for liquid layers with and without return-flow profiles are presented as functions of the Prandtl number of the liquid and the Biot number of the interface. Comparisons are made with available experimental observations.

A Rule for Forecasting the Eccentricity and Direction of Motion of Tropical Cyclones*

1947 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yale Mintz
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
Free Air ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Horizontal Temperature Gradients

The rule is formulated that in regions with horizontal temperature gradients tropical cyclones are eccentric on the warm air side and move along the mean free air isotherms keeping the warmer air to the right of the direction of motion.

scholarly journals Retrieval of temperature, H<sub>2</sub>O, O<sub>3</sub>, HNO<sub>3</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, ClONO<sub>2</sub> and ClO from MIPAS reduced resolution nominal mode limb emission measurements

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. von Clarmann ◽  
M. Höpfner ◽  
S. Kellmann ◽  
A. Linden ◽  
S. Chauhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Lower Stratosphere ◽  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
Measurement Noise ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Along Track ◽  
Horizontal Temperature Gradients ◽  
Nominal Mode

Abstract. Retrievals of temperature, H2O, O3, HNO3, CH4, N2O, ClONO2 and ClO from MIPAS reduced spectral resolution nominal mode limb emission measurements outperform retrievals from respective high spectral resolution measurements both in terms of altitude resolution and precision. The estimated precision (including measurement noise and propagation of uncertain parameters randomly varying in the time domain) and altitude resolution are typically 0.5–1.4 K and 3 km for temperature between 10 and 50 km altitude, and 5–6%, 2–4 km for H2O below 30 km altitude, 4–5%, 3–4.5 km for O3 between 15 and 40 km altitude, 3–8%, 3–5 km for HNO3 between 10 and 35 km altitude, 5–8%, 3 km for CH4 between 15 and 35 km altitude, 5–10%, 3 km for N2O between 15 and 35 km altitude, 8–14%, 2.5–9 km for ClONO2 below 40 km, and larger than 35%, 5–6 km for ClO in the lower stratosphere. As for the high spectral resolution measurements, the reduced spectral resolution nominal mode horizontal sampling (410 km) is coarser than the horizontal smoothing (often below 400 km), depending on species, altitude and number of tangent altitudes actually used for the retrieval. Thus, aliasing might be an issue even in the along-track domain. In order to prevent failure of convergence, it was found to be essential to consider horizontal temperature gradients during the retrieval.

scholarly journals Well-balanced finite volume multi-resolution schemes for solving the Ripa models

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 168781402110034
Author(s):  
Asad Rehman ◽  
Ishtiaq Ali ◽  
Saqib Zia ◽  
Shamsul Qamar
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Finite Volume ◽  
Numerical Test ◽  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Test Problems ◽  
Numerical Schemes ◽  
Weno Schemes ◽  
Horizontal Temperature Gradients ◽  
Fifth Order

In this article, fifth order well-balanced finite volume multi-resolution weighted essentially non-oscillatory (FV MR-WENO) schemes are constructed for solving one-dimensional and two-dimensional Ripa models. The Ripa system generalizes the shallow water model by incorporating horizontal temperature gradients. The presence of temperature gradients and source terms in the Ripa models introduce difficulties in developing high order accurate numerical schemes which can preserve exactly the steady-state conditions. The proposed numerical methods are capable to exactly preserve the steady-state solutions and maintain non-oscillatory property near the shock transitions. Moreover, in the procedure of derivation of the FV MR-WENO schemes unequal central spatial stencils are used and linear weights can be chosen any positive numbers with only restriction that their total sum is one. Various numerical test problems are considered to check the validity and accuracy of the derived numerical schemes. Further, the results obtained from considered numerical schemes are compared with those of a high resolution central upwind scheme and available exact solutions of the Ripa model.

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