scholarly journals The Role of COX-2 Inhibitors on Experimental Colitis

10.5772/26069 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula R. Paiotti ◽  
Ricardo Artigiani-Neto ◽  
Daniel A. ◽  
Sender J. ◽  
Marcello Franco
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Cox 2 Inhibitors

The role of celecoxib as a potential inhibitor in the treatment of inflammatory diseases - a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiane Viana Cruz ◽  
Joaquín María Campos Rosa ◽  
Njogu Mark Kimani ◽  
Silvana Giuliatti ◽  
Cleydson Breno Rodrigues dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Potential Inhibitor ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 1 ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cox 2 Inhibitors

: This article presents a simplified view of celecoxib as a potential inhibitor in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) has, predominantly, two isoforms called cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). The former plays a constitutive role that is related to homeostatic effects in renal and platelets, while the latter is mainly responsible for induction of inflammatory effects. Since COX-2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, it has been signaled as a target for the planning of anti-inflammatory intermediates. Many inhibitors developed and planned for COX-2 inhibition have presented side effects to humans, mainly in the gastrointestinal and/or cardiovascular tract. Therefore, it is necessary to design new potential COX-2 inhibitors, which are relatively safe and without side effects. To this end, of the generation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from “coxibs”, celecoxib is the only potent selective COX-2 inhibitor that is still commercially available. Thus, the compound celecoxib became a commercial prototype inhibitor for the development of anti-inflammatory agents for COX-2 enzyme. In this review, we provide highlights where such inhibition should provide a structural basis for the design of promising new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) which act as COX-2 inhibitors with lesser side effects on the human body.

Effects on the lungs: role of COX-2 inhibitors

2004 ◽  
pp. 195-212
Author(s):  
R. Stokes Peebles ◽  
Koichi Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Cox 2 ◽  
Cox 2 Inhibitors

The Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Following Experimental Colitis: Role of COX-2 and TNF-Alpha Expression

Drug Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (04) ◽  
pp. 196-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Silva ◽  
Wagner Vilegas ◽  
Marcelo da Silva ◽  
Ana Paiotti ◽  
Mauricio Pastrelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Action ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 2

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive and/or protective action of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia (M. caesalpiniifolia) following experimental colitis in rats. The rats were randomized into ten groups (n=10 per group), as follows: G1 – Sham group:; G2 – TNBS group; G3, G4 –colitis and treated with hydroalcoholic extract of M. caesalpiniifolia 250 mg/kg/day after and before/after inducing colitis, respectively; G5, G6 – colitis and treated with hydroalcoholic extract of M. caesalpiniifolia at 125 mg/kg/day after and before/after inducing colitis respectively; G7,G8 – colitis and treated with ethylacetate fraction of M. caesalpiniifolia at 50 mg/kg/day after and before/after inducing colitis, respectively; G9,G10 – colitis and treated with ethylacetate fraction of M. caesalpiniifolia at 50 mg/kg/day after and before/after inducing colitis, respectively. Rats treated with hydroalcoholic extract of M. caesalpiniifolia for both doses showed lower tissue damage in the distal colon. Ethylacetate fraction was effective at the highest dose only when administrated after inducing colitis. A downregulation of COX-2 was detected to rats suffering colitis and treated with M. caesalpiniifolia at high dose. On the other hand, TNF-alpha immunoexpression decreased in groups treated with M. caesalpiniifolia at low dose after inducing colitis. In summary, our results suggest that M. caesalpiniifolia attenuated the lesions of the colon, reduced inflammation, and modulates the expression of COX-2 and TNF-α during chronic colitis induced by TNBS when using for therapeutic purposes on a dose-dependent manner.

The clinical role of COX-2 inhibitors

2000 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-640
Author(s):  
Gerson T. Lesser
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Role ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Cox 2 Inhibitors

scholarly journals Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Potential Pharmacological Treatment for Intracranial Aneurysm

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney L. Fisher ◽  
Stacie L. Demel
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Wall Sheer Stress ◽  
Cox 2 Inhibitors

Background: Saccular intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are outpouchings of the vessel wall of intracranial arteries. Rupture of IAs results in subarachnoid hemorrhage which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Surgical interventions, such as clipping and coiling, have associated risks. Currently, there are no proven pharmacological treatments to prevent the growth or rupture of IAs. Infiltration of proinflammatory cytokines in response to increased wall sheer stress is a hallmark of IA. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are being investigated as potential therapeutic agents for reduction in growth and/or prevention of IA through inhibition of inflammatory pathways. Summary: This review will discuss the role of NSAIDs in attenuating the inflammation that drives IA progression and rupture. There are two main subtypes of NSAIDs, nonselective COX and selective COX-2 inhibitors, both of which have merit in treating IA. Evidence will be presented which shows that NSAIDs inhibit several key inflammatory mediators involved in IA progression including nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, and matrix metalloproteinases. In addition, the role of NSAIDs in limiting inflammatory cell adhesion to endothelial cells and attenuating endothelial cell senescence will be discussed. Key Messages: There is an abundance of basic science and preclinical data that support NSAIDs as a promising treatment for IA. Additionally, a combination treatment strategy of low-dose aspirin given concomitantly with a selective COX-2 inhibitor may result in a reduced side effect profile compared to aspirin or selective COX-2 inhibitor use alone. Several large clinical trials are currently planned to further investigate the efficacy of NSAIDs as an effective nonsurgical treatment for IAs.

The Role of Cox-2 Inhibitors in Therapy

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fadia T. Shaya
Keyword(s):  
Cox 2 ◽  
Cox 2 Inhibitors

Chemoprevention of Gastric Cancer: Role of COX-2 Inhibitors and Other Agents

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Nardone ◽  
Alba Rocco
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Cox 2 Inhibitors
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