scholarly journals Treatment Options for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

10.5772/25705 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Hsi Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Stromal Tumors

scholarly journals Mutation status and immunohistochemical correlation of EGFR mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
H Ozkayalar ◽  
MC Ergoren ◽  
G Tuncel ◽  
S Kurt ◽  
E Cevik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Egfr Mutations ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Treatment Regimes ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Turkish Patients

Abstract Being one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide and their resistance to conventional treatment methods, made gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) one of the hot topics in medical research areas in the past decade. To investigate molecular alterations underlying the tumor is of great importance to be able to develop new, targeted treatment options. In this study, GIST samples obtained from 40 Turkish patients were analyzed for actionable epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations that are related to treatment regimes in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to understand whether EGFR expression is altered in GISTs. Established alterations in EGFR can make the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors possible, which are currently used in cancer therapy, especially in NSCLC. Our results indicated that EGFR mutations are rare in GISTs. Further research is needed to sequence whole coding regions of the gene to investigate new actionable mutations in EGFR in an increased sample size.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Immune protein expression and clinical outcomes.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 124-124
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Blakely ◽  
Andres Matoso ◽  
Thomas J. Miner
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Significant Difference

124 Background: The immune microenvironment is emerging as an important prognostic factor with potential therapeutic targets for various malignancies. Although programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) have been studied in some tumor types, significance of their expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) is largely unknown. Methods: Tissue microarrays at an academic tertiary care center were constructed from pathology files from 1996 to 2016. Immunohistochemistry for PD-L1 and IDO was performed and correlated with tumor size, mitoses, and clinical outcomes. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were counted using image analysis software. Results: 131 GISTs were analyzed. Median patient age was 64 years (range 30-89); 51.1% were male. Tumor location included 89 stomach (67.9%), 34 small bowel (26.0%), 4 colorectal (3.1%), and 4 other (3.1%). Median follow-up was 58 months. Mean tumor size was 5.6±4.5cm, range 0.5 to 24; mean mitoses were 7.2/50HPF. 19 (14.5%) metastasized to mesentery (n = 8), liver (n = 6), and elsewhere (n = 5). Mean survival was 61 months (range 7-127); 5 patients died of disease (3.8%). PD-L1 immunostain was positive in 89 (67.9%), including 11 of 19 (57.9%) malignant and 78 of 112 (69.6%) benign tumors (p = 0.4). PD-L1 positive tumors were larger (6.3±4.4 vs. 4.4±3.4 cm; p = 0.02) and had more mitoses/50HPF (8.9±5.4 vs. 3.9±3.5; p = 0.006) than PD-L1 negative tumors. IDO immunostain was positive in 116 (88.5%), including 14 of 19 (73.7%) malignant and 102 of 112 (91.1%) benign tumors (p = 0.07). There was no significant difference in size or mitotic count between IDO positive and negative tumors. Mean number of CD8-positive TILs was 168±35/mm2 and mean number of PD-L1 positive TILs was 147±28/mm2 in PD-L1 positive tumors. PD-L1 positive tumors had significantly more TILs than PD-L1 negative tumors (113±21 vs. 104±18; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The majority of GISTs express PD-L1 and IDO. Expression of PD-L1 was associated with increased tumor size and higher mitotic activity. PD-L1 and IDO could play a significant role in the tumor biology of GISTs; immunotherapy targeting one or both may provide novel treatment options.

scholarly journals Unbiased Compound Screening Identifies Unexpected Drug Sensitivities and Novel Treatment Options for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 1200-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Boichuk ◽  
Derek J. Lee ◽  
Keith R. Mehalek ◽  
Kathleen R. Makielski ◽  
Agnieszka Wozniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Compound Screening

Clinical significance of surgical treatment for imatinib-resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 189-189
Author(s):  
Tadayoshi Hashimoto ◽  
Tsuyoshi Takahashi ◽  
Yukinori Kurokawa ◽  
Ryo Kato ◽  
Noriko Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Biliary Leakage ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Tki Treatment ◽  
Unresectable Metastasis

189 Background: The standard first-line treatment for unresectable metastasis or recurrence gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) is imatinib mesylate(IM), a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Although IM has markedly improved the prognosis of patients with advanced GIST, half of the patients experience tumor progression within two years because of resistance to IM. And IM-resistant GIST is basically treated by other kind of TKI, in addition, surgical treatment can be considered as one of treatment options. The aim of this study was to clarify the significance of surgical treatment for IM-resistant GIST in the era of second-line TKI treatment. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive 35 GIST patients who have developed IM-resistance between 2004 and 2015. We assessed clinicopathological characteristics, postoperative outcomes, imatinib-failure free survival(IFFS), and overall survival(OS) in patients who underwent surgical resection for the IM-resistant lesions. Results: The study enrolled 24 male patients and 11 female patients. The median [range] age was 61 [39-83] years. The primary sites were stomach / small intestine / duodenum: 16 / 14 / 5 cases and resection for primary sites was performed in 32 cases. The median [range] period of IM administration until resistance was 26 [2-119] months, and the resistant lesion sites were liver / peritoneum / primary lesion / local recurrence / bone: 17 / 18 / 2 / 1 / 1 cases (with duplication). Resection for resistant lesions was performed in 18 cases (51%), of which 13 cases (72%) underwent R0 / 1 resection. The postoperative complications ( > Clavien-Dindo classification Grade II) were observed in 3 patients: Biliary leakage, abdominal abscess, and diaphragmatic hernia. IM was resumed promptly after surgery in all 18 patients who underwent resection for IM-resistant lesions, and the median [range] period of IM administration was 22.2 [0.9-56] months. In 5 cases, multiple surgical treatments were performed and second-line TKI was administered in all except for two patients who have still been treated as IM. The median OS was 49 months. Conclusions: It was suggested that surgical treatment for IM-resistant GIST may be safe and effective for appropriate cases.

Treatment Options for Metastatic Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors to the Liver: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (03) ◽  
pp. 395-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather A. Lillemoe ◽  
Kristoffer W. Brudvik ◽  
Jean-Nicolas Vauthey
Keyword(s):  
Adjunctive Therapy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Systemic Chemotherapy ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Therapy Options ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Metastatic Gist

AbstractUp to half of patients with a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) will present with metastatic disease, most commonly involving the liver. Prior to the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, treatment options were limited for patients with metastatic GIST to the liver resulting in dismal survival rates. However, with the advent of effective systemic chemotherapy and continued advancements in both surgical and local adjunctive therapy options, significant improvements in survival have been achieved. In this review, the authors characterize the evolution of the treatment approach for metastatic GIST to the liver, including the roles of both surgical resection and adjunctive therapies in today's practice.

Surgical management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A single institution 31 — Year experience

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A401-A401 ◽  
Author(s):  
D EFRON ◽  
K LILLEMOE ◽  
J CAMERON ◽  
S TIERNEY ◽  
S ABRAHAM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Management ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Stromal Tumors
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