scholarly journals The Importance of Advective Fluxes to Gas Transport Across the Earth-Atmosphere Interface: The Role of Thermal Convection

10.5772/25108 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uri Nachshon ◽  
Noam Weisbrod ◽  
Maria I. ◽  
Yonatan Ganot
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Convection ◽  
Gas Transport ◽  
Earth Atmosphere ◽  
The Earth

How fast the earth surface breathe? Gas transport in high permeability soils and earth surface discontinuities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noam Weisbrod ◽  
Maria Dragila ◽  
Elad Levintal
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Gas Transport ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Earth Surface ◽  
Earth Atmosphere ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Media ◽  
Surface Discontinuities

<p>Gas movement within the earth’s subsurface and its exchange with the atmosphere are some of the principal processes in soil, ecosystem, and atmospheric environments. For a decade, our group has explored the roles played by atmospheric conditions and matrix properties in gas transport at the earth-atmosphere interface, where surface discontinuities, such as fractures, boreholes and aggregated soils, exist and may affect the process.</p><p>The gas transport mechanisms, resulting from the development of a thermal gradient and surface wind, were analyzed both independently and in combination. Two types of experiments were carried out: (1) under field conditions and (2) under highly controlled laboratory conditions. During all studies, temperature and wind conditions across the media and at the media-atmosphere interface were monitored. Results show that the magnitudes of thermal- and wind-induced convection were directly related to the media permeability, given favorable ambient conditions at the media-atmosphere interface. Such ambient conditions included high diurnal temperature amplitude (~± 10 ᵒC) or high surface wind (~2 m/s measured 10 m above ground). In addition, specific results from the field experiment were used to establish an empirical model that predicts gas transport magnitude as a function of wind speed and media permeability.</p><p>With respect to other discontinuities, such as boreholes and fractures, the effect of atmospheric conditions was investigated, namely atmospheric pressure and temperature, on air, CO<sub>2</sub>, and radon transport. Using high-resolution spatiotemporal measurements, it was concluded that diurnal atmospheric pressure oscillations (barometric pumping) and borehole-atmospheric temperature differences (thermal-induced convection) controlled the air transport within the boreholes. For one of the boreholes monitored, the air velocities and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions to the atmosphere were quantified (up to ~6 m/min and ~5 g-CO<sub>2</sub>/min, respectively). This reveals the role of boreholes as a source of greenhouse gas emissions.</p><p>The results and conclusions derived from our studies are expected to improve our understanding of the governing mechanisms controlling gas movement in porous media, fractures, and boreholes, and their functions in gas exchange across the earth-atmosphere interface.</p>

Beyond the Social Determinants of Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Laura Hall ◽  
Urpi Pine ◽  
Tanya Shute
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Social ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
People First

Abstract This paper will reflect on key findings from a Summer 2017 initiative entitled The Role of Culture and Land-Based Healing in Addressing and Ending Violence against Indigenous Women and Two-Spirited People. The Indigenist and decolonizing methodological approach of this work ensured that all research was grounded in experiential and reciprocal ways of learning. Two major findings guide the next phase of this research, complicating the premise that traditional economic activities are healing for Indigenous women and Two-Spirit people. First, the complexities of the mainstream labour force were raised numerous times. Traditional economies are pressured in ongoing ways through exploitative labour practices. Secondly, participants emphasized the importance of attending to the responsibility of nurturing, enriching, and sustaining the wellbeing of soil, water, and original seeds in the process of creating renewal gardens as a healing endeavour. In other words, we have an active role to play in healing the environment and not merely using the environment to heal ourselves. Gardening as research and embodied knowledge was stressed by extreme weather changes including hail in June, 2018, which meant that participants spent as much time talking about the healing of the earth and her systems as the healing of Indigenous women in a context of ongoing colonialism.

“Eternal Bodies”: images of archangels in the upper parts of Nubian buildings

2020 ◽  
pp. 713-736
Author(s):  
Magdalena Łaptaś
Keyword(s):  
Near East ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Christian Art ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Cosmic Space

Images of archangels and angels, which were painted on the walls, in the upper parts of the buildings and, on their structural elements, were very popular in Christian Nubian painting as attested by the discoveries from Church SWN.BV on the citadel in Old Dongola. These images, which derive from pre-Christian art, depict the eternal nature of the archangels and angels. Presenting this group of representations, the author traces the origins of these images to highlight the role of these spiritual beings as intermediaries between God and humankind. As such, they move freely between the Heavens and the Earth, so the air and cosmic space are their natural surroundings. Moreover, archangels govern the forces of nature, the planets, and the seven skies. Therefore, their sanctuaries were located on hill summits, in the upper chapels, on structural elements of ecclesiastical buildings, etc. The Nubian tradition is therefore part of a broader Mediterranean tradition, the roots of which should be sought in the Near East.

The Role of the Earth Sciences in Fostering Global Equity & Stability

GSA Today ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
W.G. Ernst ◽  
G. Heiken ◽  
Susan M. Landon ◽  
P. Patrick Leahy ◽  
Eldridge Moores
Keyword(s):  
Earth Sciences ◽  
The Earth
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