scholarly journals Identification and Analysis of Burned Areas in Ecological Stations of Brazilian Cerrado

10.5772/24640 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudionor Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Rejane Tavares ◽  
Jeova Carreiro ◽  
Jailson Silva
Keyword(s):  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Burned Areas

Short-term effects of fire on small rodents in the Brazilian Cerrado and their relation with feeding habits

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson M. Vieira ◽  
Denis C. Briani
Keyword(s):  
Prescribed Fire ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Fire Effects ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Small Rodents ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Plant Matter

We investigated the short-term (up to 60 days) fire effects on small rodents and their relation to feeding habitats in the fire-prone Cerrado of central Brazil, the most species-rich savanna in the world. We conducted prescribed-fire experiments with pre- and post-fire simultaneous sampling in burned and unburned areas to investigate the hypothesis that the effects of fire on the abundance of small rodents is related to changes in food availability and consequently the feeding habits of the animals. The findings revealed a higher availability of invertebrates in just-burned areas compared with plant resources. Stomach analyses indicated that invertebrate consumption increased after fire for the four most common rodents, but Calomys tener and especially Calomys expulsus, consumed more invertebrates in the burned areas than Necromys lasiurus or Cerradomys scotti. These Calomys rodents were also the post-fire dominant species. Thus, even within the group of rodents that are generalist feeders, distinctive short-term responses to fire were associated with changes in resource availability and with resultant differences in the abundance of plant matter and invertebrates in the rodent diets.

scholarly journals A Landsat-TM/OLI algorithm for burned areas in the Brazilian Cerrado: preliminary results

2014 ◽  
pp. 1302-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo E. Melchiori ◽  
Alberto W. Setzer ◽  
Fabiano Morelli ◽  
Renata Libonati ◽  
Pietro de Almeida Cândido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landsat Tm ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Burned Areas

From burned vegetation to streams water: fire effects on vegetation resilience and nutrient fluxes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nubia Marques ◽  
Fabio Miranda ◽  
Leticia Gomes ◽  
Felipe Lenti ◽  
Mercedes Bustamante
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Riparian Zones ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Nutrient Fluxes ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Burned Areas

<p>Wildfire effects on riparian zones and stream water can be significant, particularly in the vegetation recovery and flow of nutrients between the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem. However, the integrated knowledge about the impacts of fire on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the Brazilian Cerrado is poorly known. In Brazilian Cerrado, wildfire is one of the main vectors of degradation of riparian vegetation, because the forest formation in riparian zones can be more sensitive to fire than the other savanna formation due to a less evident vegetation fire-adaptations. Our main objective was to understand the effects of fire on the resilience of riparian vegetation and their consequences to nutrient fluxes between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem. This study was conducted in the Environmental Protection Area (APA) located in the Federal District - Brazil, which is one of Brazil’s Long-Term Ecological Research Site, after a wildfire (September 2011) that burned an area of about 140 km<sup>2</sup>. We analyzed the riparian vegetation resilience (for forests and surrounding savannas formations) and nutrients fluxes (in surface runoff and stream water) in five streams. We estimated the fire severity with Delta Normalized Burn Ratio index and the riparian vegetation resilience with the Normalized Vegetation Index and evaluated the changes in nutrient concentrations for nitrite + nitrate ([NO<sup>2-</sup> + NO<sup>3-</sup>]), ammonium (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>), and phosphate (PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>) during 16 months on stream water and surface runoff solution in burned and unburned areas using the Generalized Linear Models. Our results show that fire severity was similar between forests and savannas formations, but in savannas we observed higher vegetation resilience, with faster vegetation regrowth and recovery after three weeks. The concentration of nutrients on both surface runoff and inside the stream have changed in burned areas regarding unburned areas, with an increase of PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3- </sup>and [NO<sup>2-</sup> + NO<sup>3-</sup>] and a decreased of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>. After 16 months of the fire event, the concentration of PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>, [NO<sup>2-</sup> + NO<sup>3-</sup>] and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> increased in surface runoff, while [NO<sup>2-</sup> + NO<sup>3-</sup>] decreased inside the streams in burned areas. Precipitation was a factor that caused the increase of concentrations of [NO<sup>2-</sup> + NO<sup>3-</sup>] and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> and, the high precipitation on rainy season (October – March), that started after the fire, could have contributed to the input of these nutrients and particulate materials from ashes to streams. Our results showed that the occurrence of fire in riparian environments reduces the biomass of riparian forests and increases the concentration of nutrients on streams.  These elevated postfire nitrogen and phosphate loading can influence streams ecosystem health, especially in oligotrophic streams like those found in Brazilian Cerrado. It is known that phosphorus and nitrogen are limited nutrients for algal and cyanobacterial growth in freshwater ecosystem and an increase of these organisms can disrupt the ecosystem integrity. Fire is a pulsed disturbance and its effect on freshwater ecosystem depends on terrestrial ecosystem recovery, in this way, it is necessary to integrate the knowledge about the impacts of fire on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems to better understand the effects on the entire ecosystem.</p>

Evaluation of the in vitro trypanocidal activity of plant extracts from the Brazilian Cerrado

Planta Medica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
WR Cunha ◽  
FM Dos Santos ◽  
JA Peixoto ◽  
RCS Veneziani ◽  
AEM Crotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Trypanocidal Activity

High throughput screening to investigate Brazilian Cerrado biome plant extract bank chemical diversity

Planta Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S381
Author(s):  
LS Espindola ◽  
RG Dusi ◽  
KR Gustafson ◽  
J McMahon ◽  
JA Beutler
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Cerrado Biome

A New Species of Turnera (Turneraceae, Passifloraceae s. l.) from the Brazilian Cerrado

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 826-832
Author(s):  
Lamarck Rocha ◽  
Maria Mercedes Arbo
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Dark Blue ◽  
A New Species

Abstract—Turnera macrosperma, a new species from the Brazilian Cerrado, is described and illustrated. The new species belongs to the series Turnera and can be characterized by the white petals with dark blue/violet basal spot and large seeds with papillose aril. SEM images, distribution map, and comments on taxonomy and morphology are presented.

Natural regeneration of pine after ground fires on the territory of the Leningrad region

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Д.В. Гусев
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Good Recovery ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
Positive Effect

Естественное возобновление является важным фактором формирования насаждений, особенно главных лесообразующих пород. Растительное сообщество становится жизнестойким при условии способности восстановить численность популяций заменой погибших экземпляров новыми. Было выяснено в каком количестве происходит естественное возобновление сосны на гарях по сравнению с граничащими участками, не пройденными пожарами, взятые в качестве контроля. Район исследований относится к южной подзоне тайги на территории Ленинградской области в Кировском и Лужском лесничествах. Объектом исследований стали сосновые насаждения, где работы проводились в летний период с 2013 по 2015 год. Всего подобрано 36 участков (включая контроль) размером не более 0,3 га. Учет подроста проводился на учетных площадках. Каждая учетная площадка закладывалась при помощи шеста длиной 178,5 см. Площадь круговых площадок составляла 10 м2, они расположены последовательно друг за другом с непосредственным примыканием. На каждой площадке проводили перечет подроста и делили его по высоте на три категории крупности: мелкий до 0,5 м, средний – 0,6–1,5 м и крупный – более 1,5 м. А также естественное возобновление на участках делили по густоте – на три категории: редкий – до 2 тыс., средней густоты – 2–8 тыс., густой – более 8 тыс. растений на 1 га; по распределению по площади – на три категории в зависимости от встречаемости. Анализ послепожарного возобновления в сосняках показал, что на пробных площадях наблюдается отличное возобновление подроста сосны и обилие на площади, все это связано с уничтожением лесной подстилки, увеличением минерализации почвы что, в конечном счете, положительно влияет на естественное лесовосстановление, о чем свидетельствует появление всходов, а также лучше становится гидрологический режим почвы. Благодаря этому происходит хорошее восстановление. Количество благонадежного подроста составляет от 3,5 до 11,9 тыс. шт./га и его достаточно для естественного восстановления ценопопуляции после пожара. Подтверждена зависимость количество самосева и толщины лесной подстилки. Прогретая после пожара, богатая минеральными веществами почва благоприятна для появления всходов и самосева древесных растений. Natural regeneration is an important factor in the formation of plantations, especially the main forest-forming species. Plant community becomes viable, provided the ability to recover populations, replacement of lost copies new. Find out how much happens in a natural pine regeneration in burned areas compared to adjacent areas not affected by fires, are taken as a control. The study area belongs to the subzone of southern taiga on the territory of Leningrad region, the Kirov and Luga districts. The object of research became pine plantations where the work was carried out in year period from 2013 to 2015. Just picked up 36 stations (including the control) no larger than 0.3 hectares. accounting for the undergrowth was conducted on index sites. Each user platform was laid with a pole length of 178.5 cm the area of the circular pads was 10 m2, they are located successively one after another with a direct connection. At each site conducted the translation of the undergrowth and it was divided in height into three categories of size: small up to 0.5 m, average 0.6 to 1.5 meters and large – more than 1.5 meters. And natural regeneration on plots divided by the density for three categories: rare – up to 2 thousand, medium density – 2 to 8 thousand, thick – more than 8 thousand plants per 1 ha; on the distribution of the area – into three categories depending on the occurrence. Analysis of post-fire regeneration in pine forests showed that the sample areas there is a great renewal of undergrowth of pine and the abundance on the square, all this is due to the destruction of forest litter, increasing salinity of the soil which, ultimately, has a positive effect on natural regeneration, as evidenced by the appearance of seedlings, as well as better hydrological regime of the soil. Which a good recovery. The number of reliable undergrowth is from 3.5 to 11.9 thousand PCs/ha, enough for natural regeneration of seedlings after the fire. Confirmed the dependence of the number of self-seeding and thickness of forest litter. After the fire-warmed, mineral-rich soil is favorable for emergence and self-seeding of woody plants.

Morphology and diet of two sympatric colubrid snakes, Chironius flavolineatus and Chironius quadricarinatus (Serpentes: Colubridae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otavio Augusto Vuolo Marques ◽  
Ronaldo Fernandes ◽  
Roberta Richard Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Ontogenetic Variation ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
Snake Species ◽  
Dietary Ecology ◽  
Arboreal Habit

Abstract The morphometry and diet of two sympatric species of Chironius (C. flavolineatus and C. quadricarinatus) from Brazilian Cerrado are described. The two snake species differ in external morphology, as Chironius flavolineatus was the largest species (body, tail and eyes) whereas C. quadricarinatus the heaviest. Each species also showed marked sexual size dimorphism. In terms of dietary ecology, both species feed exclusively on frogs with a heavy preference for hylids and may have tendency to eat small items, as noticed in other colubrine species. These two snake species showed a brownish colour pattern and exhibited no ontogenetic variation, suggesting that juveniles and adults use similar substrates. Chironius flavolineatus and C. quadricarinatus present a semi-arboreal habit, with active foraging behaviour, feeding in the ground most of time. Chironius flavolineatus uses higher vegetation for resting and, based on morphological results, seems to be more arboreal than C. quadricarinatus.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document