scholarly journals The Effects of Paper Recycling and its Environmental Impact

10.5772/23110 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iveta Cabalova ◽  
Frantisek Kacik ◽  
Anton Geffert ◽  
Danica Kacikov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Paper Recycling

scholarly journals Biodeinking Kertas Koran Bekas menggunakan Ekstrak Kasar Lakase dari Marasmiellus palmivorus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Sitatun Zunaidah ◽  
Rendana Saputra ◽  
Hendro Risdianto ◽  
Sri Harjati Suhardi
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Paper Recycling ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
Crude Extract Enzyme ◽  
Potential Use

Biodeinking of Old Newspaper using Crude Laccase from Marasmiellus palmivorus   Abstract Enzymatic deinking is receiving growing attention due to the negative environmental impact caused by chemical deinking. Old newspaper (ONP) is one of the materials that can be used in paper recycling. The use of the crude laccase from Marasmiellus palmivorus in biodeinking is due to its capability to remove the ink. The objective of this research was to determine the potential use of laccase in enzymatic deinking to increase the brightness value and reduce ERIC (Effective Residual Ink Concentration) value on old newspapers. Laccase was produced from M. palmivorus by using cultivation in a static Solid State Fermentation (SSF) reactor with lignocellulosic as substrate. The methodology involves the production of crude laccase extract, laccase optimization using variations of dosage, temperatures, and times. The highest laccase activity is 1,142.86 U/L (16 U/mg). Optimization of laccase crude extract enzyme in biodeinking can increase brightness values by 15.22% (54.27 %ISO) to 25.03% (58.89 %ISO) compared to controls (47.09% ISO) and reduce ERIC values by 46.12% (452.1 ppm) to 68.26% (266.4 ppm) compared to control (839.2 ppm). Keywords: biodeinking, Marasmiellus palmivorus, laccase, old newspaper Abstrak Deinking enzimatis semakin mendapat perhatian karena dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh deinking secara kimia. Kertas koran bekas merupakan salah satu bahan yang dapat didaur ulang. Pemanfaatan ekstrak kasar lakase dari Marasmiellus palmivorus digunakan dalam biodeinking karena memiliki kemampuan untuk menyisihkan tinta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak kasar lakase untuk meningkatkan nilai brightness (derajat cerah) dan menurunkan nilai Effective Residual Ink Concentration (ERIC) dalam proses biodeinking kertas koran bekas. Produksi ekstrak kasar lakase dilakukan dalam reaktor statis Solid State Fermentation (SSF) dengan substrat material lignoselulosik. Produksi ekstrak kasar lakase menghasilkan aktivitas tertinggi 1.142,86 U/L (8,33 U/mg). Perlakuan biodeinking dengan enzim ekstrak kasar lakase dapat meningkatkan nilai derajat cerah 15,22% (54,27 %ISO) sampai 25,03% (58,89 %ISO) dibandingkan dengan kontrol (47,10 %ISO) dan menurunkan nilai ERIC 46,12% (452,1 ppm) sampai 68,26% (266,4 ppm) dibandingkan dengan kontrol (839,2 ppm). Kata kunci:  biodeinking, Marasmiellus palmivorus, lakase, kertas koran bekas

Using solvents to remove a toner print so that office paper might be reused

2009 ◽  
Vol 465 (2112) ◽  
pp. 3839-3858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. M. Counsell ◽  
Julian M. Allwood
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Solubility Parameters ◽  
Hansen Solubility Parameters ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Paper Recycling ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Ultrasonic Agitation ◽  
Hansen Solubility ◽  
Office Paper

The environmental impact of office paper recycling might be avoided if toner print could be removed from paper in a way that left the paper immediately reusable. This article reports on experiments that investigate the use of solvents to allow black toner print to be removed from white cut-size office paper. Hansen solubility parameters are estimated for detaching the pigment in toner print from paper and compared to the parameters for paper. These imply that solvents can be found that would allow toner print to be removed without harming the underlying paper. However, immersion in solvents alone detaches just 10 per cent of the toner pigment. Rubbing combined with solvents increases removal to 50 per cent. Adding ultrasonic agitation increases removal to 80 per cent. Mixing different solvents and increasing the volume of solvent can further improve removal to the point where the cleaned paper is useful, although still distinguishable from new. For instance, soaking the printed paper in a mixture of 60 per cent dimethylsulphoxide and 40 per cent chloroform for 4 min, while applying ultrasonic agitation, results in paper that can be readily reprinted. The results need to be validated on other toner and paper types. Further work is needed to investigate the influence of temperature, of adding surfactants and to consider the economic, safety and environmental implications.

Reduced environmental impact of a reusable soft mist inhaler

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hänsel ◽  
T Bambach ◽  
H Wachtel
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact

Biodiesel production from non-edible oils: A review

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Jatinder Kataria ◽  
Saroj Kumar Mohapatra ◽  
Amit Pal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
The World

The limited fossil reserves, spiraling price and environmental impact due to usage of fossil fuels leads the world wide researchers’ interest in using alternative renewable and environment safe fuels that can meet the energy demand. Biodiesel is an emerging renewable alternative fuel to conventional diesel which can be produced from both edible and non-edible oils, animal fats, algae etc. The society is in dire need of using renewable fuels as an immediate control measure to mitigate the pollution level. In this work an attempt is made to review the requisite and access the capability of the biodiesel in improving the environmental degradation.

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