scholarly journals Human Impacts on Marine Biodiversity: Macrobenthos in Bahrain, Arabian Gulf

10.5772/23046 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humood Naser
Keyword(s):  
Human Impacts ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Marine Biodiversity

scholarly journals Managing human impacts across diverse marine environments

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M Robson ◽  
Anita J Carter ◽  
Ellen Last ◽  
Frances J Peckett ◽  
Elly Hill
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Joint Nature Conservation Committee ◽  
The Uk

As an island nation, the UK is surrounded by water, spanning from the coast and intertidal, to the circalittoral and deep-sea. Understanding the changing condition and resilience of marine biodiversity within these vastly different water masses is of key importance to understanding both the impacts of, and how to best manage, human activities whilst enabling continued sustainable development. One of the biggest challenges to understanding biodiversity state is the lack of time-series data, particularly in areas where long-term monitoring has not yet been implemented around our offshore (>12nm) and deep-sea waters. To manage this, the UK’s Joint Nature Conservation Committee are further developing spatial mapping proxy methods, gathering data on human activity presence, pressures caused by these activities, and the associated sensitivity of biodiversity to these pressures, to understand key areas of risk. Whilst evidence for these assessments is becoming more widely available for offshore waters, there is a large evidence gap on deep-sea biodiversity sensitivity, and understanding how to manage this little-studied environment. With ongoing pressures from fishing and oil and gas activity, and future threats from deep-sea mining, this is a key area of research which is urgently needed to help develop effective and sustainable management measures.

scholarly journals Climate change impacts on marine biodiversity, fisheries and society in the Arabian Gulf

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. e0194537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colette C. C. Wabnitz ◽  
Vicky W. Y. Lam ◽  
Gabriel Reygondeau ◽  
Lydia C. L. Teh ◽  
Dalal Al-Abdulrazzak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Marine Biodiversity

The distribution, abundance and group dynamics of Indian Ocean humpback dolphins (Sousa plumbea) in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi (UAE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1119-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Díaz López ◽  
Edwin Grandcourt ◽  
Séverine Methion ◽  
Himansu Das ◽  
Ibrahim Bugla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Abu Dhabi ◽  
Photo Identification ◽  
Open Population ◽  
Dolphin Population ◽  
Near Shore

The Arabian Gulf is one of the most heavily impacted water bodies raising serious concerns about the conservation status of many marine species. A limited coastal range and near-shore distribution make Indian Ocean humpback dolphins particularly vulnerable to mortality and traumatic injuries from heavy maritime traffic and gill-netting practices. Prior to the present study, no research had focused on the ecology of this species in the Arabian Gulf, despite the potential for human impacts. The mark–recapture method of photo-identification, undertaken during 55 boat-based surveys conducted between 2014 and 2015, was used to assess the occurrence, abundance and use of habitat of this endangered species along the coast of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi (UAE). In all, 368 h and 6703 km of observation were carried out over a period of 5 months, and 54 encounters were made with humpback dolphins. The group size ranged from 1 to 24 individuals and group composition showed that 79% of the observed dolphins were adults. Abundance estimates were calculated and fitted with open population models. A review of all available data indicates that the studied population is the largest reported in the world with 701 (95% CI = 473–845) individuals. While their occurrence within Abu Dhabi near-shore waters is frequent, the survey area appears to be only a part of a much larger home range for this humpback dolphin population. The observation of multiple threats derived from anthropogenic activities increases our concerns regarding the conservation of this important dolphin population.

scholarly journals Marine biodiversity of a pristine coral reef in French Polynesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lecchini ◽  
Frédéric Bertucci ◽  
Lily Fogg ◽  
Camille Gache ◽  
Pascal Ung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
Outer Slope ◽  
Top Predators

Understanding the natural state of coral reefs is paramount to evaluate the response of these ecosystems to local and global human impacts as well as management and conservation strategies. In French Polynesia, some islands are still pristine or uninhabited, such as Tupai atoll. Tupai has been uninhabited, with access to the lagoon prohibited since 2010. However, fishers from nearby islands often take from the outer reef slope at Tupai. Our marine biodiversity survey (coral, macro-invertebrates, and fish) conducted in 2019 highlighted a low density of commercial fish species and top-predators on the outer slope in comparison to the lagoon, where the top-predators represented 16% (of the density) of functional trophic groups. Our surveys also showed a high living coral cover (46%) on the outer slope of Tupai, perhaps due to the absence of both touristic sub-aquatic activities and local pollution from private and commercial activities. Overall, this initial scientific assessment of Tupai has granted an understanding of the spatial patterns of coral, macro-invertebrates, and fish assemblages in the absence of human impacts (i.e., in the lagoon), representing an ecological baseline that could inform conservation management strategies to ensure the preservation of coral reef ecosystem.

scholarly journals Consistent marine biogeographic boundaries across the tree of life despite centuries of human impacts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke E. Holman ◽  
Mark de Bruyn ◽  
Simon Creer ◽  
Gary Carvalho ◽  
Julie Robidart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Anthropogenic Influence ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
Biotic Homogenisation ◽  
Multiple Domains

AbstractOver millennia, ecological and evolutionary mechanisms have shaped macroecological distributions across the tree of life. Research describing patterns of regional and global biogeography has traditionally focussed on the study of conspicuous species. Consequently, there is limited understanding of cross-phyla biogeographic structuring, and an escalating need to understand the macroecology of both microscopic and macroscopic organisms. Here we used environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding to explore the biodiversity of marine metazoans, micro-eukaryotes and prokaryotes along an extensive and highly heterogeneous coastline. Our results showed remarkably consistent biogeographic structure across the kingdoms of life, which were underpinned by environmental and anthropogenic influence. Additionally, metazoan communities displayed biographic patterns that suggest regional biotic homogenisation of conspicuous species. Against the backdrop of global pervasive anthropogenic environmental change, our work highlights the importance of considering multiple domains of life to understand the maintenance and drivers of marine biodiversity across broad taxonomic, ecological and geographical scales.

scholarly journals Innovative finance to deliver adequate marine biodiversity knowledge for high seas and deep ocean governance beyond national jurisdiction.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Thiele
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Biodiversity Knowledge ◽  
Ocean Governance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Seas

Torsten Thiele, Ocean Governance, Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Potsdam, Germany [email protected] High seas and deep sea governance is progressing through the UN BBNJ process. At the same time the International Seabed Authority is developing a Mining Code for the Area. Both processes are in need of adequate marine biodiversity knowledge to ensure that the governance regimes address adequately the challenges of human impacts on these critical ecosystems. The chosen management structures need to reflect the complexity and connectivity of marine life. They have to be enforceable, practicable and cost-effective. Such solutions will require significant funding, which can be delivered at scale if the financing model chosen is robust and has the right incentives for private sector participation. A well-structured and funded marine biodiversity knowledge infrastructure would have a wide range of benefits beyond the role as a key part of an ocean governance system. It could be base for a broader public-private partnership for ocean regeneration, delivering large-scale science, research and conservation objectives. Innovative finance is a mechanism to put such an effective policy and legal response in place, but needs to be developed and supported in cooperation with the marine science community. This talk will cover ocean policy issues as well as the innovative finance approach.

scholarly journals Marine biotechnology: Emerging opportunities and future perspectives

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Stephen Goddard
Keyword(s):  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Marine Resources ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Marine Biotechnology ◽  
Sultan Qaboos University ◽  
The North ◽  
Oral Presentations

The rapid growth of genetic, cellular and molecular technologies is enabling scientists to explore and develop marine resources for widespread applications in the food, medical, pharmaceutical, environmental and energy industries. Marine biotechnology products and services were estimated at 2.8 billion euros in 2010, with a cumulative annual growth rate of 4-5% (Marine Board-European Science Foundation, 2010) The Sultanate of Oman occupies a strategic geographical position and has a coastline in excess of 3000km, with the Arabian Sea located to the south and the Sea of Oman and Arabian Gulf to the north. These oceans have rich biodiversity and potential resources which we are only beginning to explore. Based on its marine resources, coupled with a rapidly-growing educational and research infrastructure, the Sultanate of Oman is well positioned to take advantage of the commercial opportunities presented by marine biotechnology. In recognition of potential development an international symposium was organized by the Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University. One hundred and forty eight delegates attended the meeting, representing 15 countries. In planning the symposium three major themes were identified viz. Marine Biofouling and its Prevention, Fisheries and Aquaculture Biotechnology and Marine Biodiversity and Natural Products. The topics were selected on the basis of current and planned research activity in Oman and elsewhere in the GCC region. Three keynote addresses were presented, 23 oral presentations made and a poster exhibition held. A final session reviewed national and regional issues and the delegates agreed formally on a number of future actions. Full details of the symposium and the results and analysis of a post-symposium survey on the future development of marine biotechnology are given in Goddard et al. (2015).The symposium was supported logistically and financially by Sultan Qaboos University, The Research Council, and the

scholarly journals Innovative finance to deliver adequate marine biodiversity knowledge for high seas and deep ocean governance beyond national jurisdiction.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Thiele
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Biodiversity Knowledge ◽  
Ocean Governance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Seas

Torsten Thiele, Ocean Governance, Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Potsdam, Germany [email protected] High seas and deep sea governance is progressing through the UN BBNJ process. At the same time the International Seabed Authority is developing a Mining Code for the Area. Both processes are in need of adequate marine biodiversity knowledge to ensure that the governance regimes address adequately the challenges of human impacts on these critical ecosystems. The chosen management structures need to reflect the complexity and connectivity of marine life. They have to be enforceable, practicable and cost-effective. Such solutions will require significant funding, which can be delivered at scale if the financing model chosen is robust and has the right incentives for private sector participation. A well-structured and funded marine biodiversity knowledge infrastructure would have a wide range of benefits beyond the role as a key part of an ocean governance system. It could be base for a broader public-private partnership for ocean regeneration, delivering large-scale science, research and conservation objectives. Innovative finance is a mechanism to put such an effective policy and legal response in place, but needs to be developed and supported in cooperation with the marine science community. This talk will cover ocean policy issues as well as the innovative finance approach.

scholarly journals Recent Trends in Local-Scale Marine Biodiversity Reflect Community Structure and Human Impacts

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 1938-1943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Elahi ◽  
Mary I. O’Connor ◽  
Jarrett E.K. Byrnes ◽  
Jillian Dunic ◽  
Britas Klemens Eriksson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Recent Trends
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