scholarly journals Induced Acceleration Analysis of Three-Dimensional Multi-Joint Movements and Its Application to Sports Movements

Author(s):  
Masaya Hirashima
2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zachary Woodruff ◽  
Kevin M. Lynch

In this discussion, we provide corrections to the second-order kinematic equations describing contact between three-dimensional rigid bodies, originally published in Sarkar et al. (1996) [“Velocity and Acceleration Analysis of Contact Between Three-Dimensional Rigid Bodies,” ASME J. Appl. Mech., 63(4), pp. 974–984].


1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 974-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sankar ◽  
V. Kumar ◽  
Xiaoping Yun

During manipulation and locomotion tasks encountered in robotics, it is often necessary to control the relative motion between two contacting rigid bodies. In this paper we obtain the equations relating the motion of the contact points on the pair of contacting bodies to the rigid-body motions of the two bodies. The equations are developed up to the second order. The velocity and acceleration constraints for contact, for rolling, and for pure rolling are derived. These equations depend on the local surface properties of each contacting body. Several examples are presented to illustrate the nature of the equations.


Author(s):  
Gege Liu ◽  
Yahong Zhang ◽  
Xinong Zhang

For aircraft flying with high accelerations and high acceleration change rates in three-dimensional space, load simulation tests are usually carried out in a three-axis centrifuge with three degrees of freedom. A triaxial centrifugal test that simulates the actual flight environment must reflect the real effect of the flight load on the structure. An acceleration analysis model of a three-axis centrifuge in body coordinates is established to meet this requirement. The spatial distribution of the acceleration and the effects of kinematic parameters on acceleration are analyzed. Using the acceleration analysis model, the displacement equivalence and strain energy equivalence relations of a beam in a centrifugal environment and actual flight environment are studied. Moreover, equivalence relationships meeting requirements are proposed and validated for a specific example. The distribution of the acceleration and the equivalence relations of the two environments are the basis for the ground simulation of flight loads.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Mubang Xiao ◽  
Ye Ding

Abstract This paper provides an improvement of the classic Montana's contact kinematics equations considering non-orthogonal object parameterizations. In Montana's model, the reference frame used to define the relative motion between two rigid bodies in three-dimensional space is chosen as the Gauss frame, assuming there is an orthogonal coordinate system on the object surface. To achieve global orthogonal parameterizations on arbitrarily shaped object surfaces, we define the relative motion based on the reference frame field, which is the orthogonalization of the surface natural basis at every contact point. The first- and second-order contact kinematics, including the velocity and acceleration analysis of the relative rolling, sliding, and spinning motion, are reformulated based on the reference frame field and the screw theory. We use two simulation examples to illustrate the proposed method. The examples are based on simple non-orthogonal surface parameterizations, instead of seeking for global orthogonal parameterizations on the surfaces.


2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 4570-4574
Author(s):  
Jin Li Wang ◽  
Hai Qing Liu

The SMA 3D isolator is based on a new intelligent material: shape memory alloy, which compensate the weakness in stiffness of the laminated rubber bearing. Through the seismic analysis of the kettlewell double layer shell, the truss horizontal and vertical internal force dropped obviously with the SMA 3D base isolator, especially the outer part which easily happened deformed damage and the structure internal force distribution is more reasonable, the deformation in harmonies, the lattice damage of weakness part is limited and offer efficient protection. Either the acceleration analysis, the peak acceleration reduced significantly and time history tends to slow, the isolating effect of the SMA 3D base isolator is prior to the laminated rubber bearing.


Author(s):  
Kozo Naito ◽  
Tokio Takagi ◽  
Hideaki Kubota ◽  
Takeo Maruyama

Elbow valgus load generated in baseball pitching is a risk factor for throwing-related injuries. However, an induced acceleration analysis establishing the cause–effect relationship between elbow valgus load and causal joint kinematics is lacking. The purpose of this study was to identify the underlying mechanism of how the elbow valgus load is generated by muscular and non-muscular interactive torque effects. The throwing motions of five fastball pitches from 16 male collegiate baseball pitchers were measured by a three-dimensional motion capture system. The induced acceleration analysis developed in this study was used to separate the elbow valgus stress of the throwers into causal muscular and interactive torque components. The results showed that the shoulder internal rotation torque-induced component was greatest, accounting for 73.0% of the valgus-related contribution, while the other joint components in the muscular and interactive torque components were relatively smaller. This implied that the elbow valgus stress was highly influenced by the internal rotation torque effect, while the motion-dependent effect due to the trunk and shoulder kinematics was not influential. In conclusion, to reduce the risk of injury, pitchers should acquire proper coordination without excessive shoulder internal rotation action.


Author(s):  
Nilanjan Sarkar ◽  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Xiaoping Yun

Abstract During manipulation and locomotion tasks encountered in robotics, it is often necessary to control the relative motion between two contacting rigid bodies. In this paper we obtain the equations relating the motion of the contact points on the pair of contacting bodies to the rigid body motions of the two bodies. The equations are developed up to the second order. The velocity and acceleration constraints for contact, for rolling, and for pure rolling are derived. These equations depend on the local surface properties of each contacting body. Several examples are presented to illustrate the nature of the equations.


1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 227-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brouwer

The paper presents a summary of the results obtained by C. J. Cohen and E. C. Hubbard, who established by numerical integration that a resonance relation exists between the orbits of Neptune and Pluto. The problem may be explored further by approximating the motion of Pluto by that of a particle with negligible mass in the three-dimensional (circular) restricted problem. The mass of Pluto and the eccentricity of Neptune's orbit are ignored in this approximation. Significant features of the problem appear to be the presence of two critical arguments and the possibility that the orbit may be related to a periodic orbit of the third kind.


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