scholarly journals Novel Insights on Chronic Kidney Disease, Acute Kidney Injury and Polycystic Kidney Disease

10.5772/2180 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Polycystic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Polycystic Kidney

scholarly journals Acute kidney injury induces hallmarks of polycystic kidney disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (4) ◽  
pp. F740-F751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almira Kurbegovic ◽  
Marie Trudel
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Polycystic Kidney Disease ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Polycystic Kidney ◽  
Stimulation Of

Acute kidney injury (AKI) and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) are considered separate entities that both frequently cause renal failure. Since ADPKD appears to depend on a polycystin-1 (Pc1) or Pc2 dosage mechanism, we investigated whether slow progression of cystogenesis in two Pkd1 transgenic mouse models can be accelerated with moderate ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Transient unilateral left ischemic kidneys in both nontransgenic and transgenic mice reproducibly develop tubular dilatations, cysts, and typical PKD cellular defects within 3 mo post-IRI. Similar onset and severity of IRI induced-cystogenesis independently of genotype revealed that IRI is sufficient to promote renal cyst formation; however, this response was not further amplified by the transgene in Pkd1 mouse models. The IRI nontransgenic and transgenic kidneys showed from 16 days post-IRI strikingly increased and sustained Pkd1/Pc1 (>3-fold) and Pc2 (>8-fold) expression that can individually be cystogenic in mice. In parallel, long-term and important stimulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α expression was induced as in polycystic kidney disease. While mammalian target of rapamycin signaling is activated, stimulation of the Wnt pathway, with markedly increased active β-catenin and c-Myc expression in IRI renal epithelium, uncovered a similar regulatory cystogenic response shared by IRI and ADPKD. Our study demonstrates that long-term AKI induces cystogenesis and cross talk with ADPKD Pc1/Pc2 pathogenic signaling.

scholarly journals Postoperative acute kidney injury in adult non-cardiac surgery: joint consensus report of the Acute Disease Quality Initiative and PeriOperative Quality Initiative

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Prowle ◽  
Lui G. Forni ◽  
Max Bell ◽  
Michelle S. Chew ◽  
Mark Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Baseline Risk ◽  
Major Surgery ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractPostoperative acute kidney injury (PO-AKI) is a common complication of major surgery that is strongly associated with short-term surgical complications and long-term adverse outcomes, including increased risk of chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular events and death. Risk factors for PO-AKI include older age and comorbid diseases such as chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. PO-AKI is best defined as AKI occurring within 7 days of an operative intervention using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definition of AKI; however, additional prognostic information may be gained from detailed clinical assessment and other diagnostic investigations in the form of a focused kidney health assessment (KHA). Prevention of PO-AKI is largely based on identification of high baseline risk, monitoring and reduction of nephrotoxic insults, whereas treatment involves the application of a bundle of interventions to avoid secondary kidney injury and mitigate the severity of AKI. As PO-AKI is strongly associated with long-term adverse outcomes, some form of follow-up KHA is essential; however, the form and location of this will be dictated by the nature and severity of the AKI. In this Consensus Statement, we provide graded recommendations for AKI after non-cardiac surgery and highlight priorities for future research.

Autosomic dominant polycystic kidney disease and metformin: Old knowledge and new insights on retarding progression of chronic kidney disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Casarella ◽  
Ramona Nicotera ◽  
Maria T. Zicarelli ◽  
Alessandra Urso ◽  
Pierangela Presta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Polycystic Kidney Disease ◽  
Polycystic Kidney
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