scholarly journals Oxidative Stress in Anterior Segment of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

10.5772/18989 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio C. ◽  
Alberto Izzotti
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Open Angle

scholarly journals Crosstalk between MicroRNA and Oxidative Stress in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2421
Author(s):  
Saray Tabak ◽  
Sofia Schreiber-Avissar ◽  
Elie Beit-Yannai
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Type I ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Outflow Resistance ◽  
Stress Injury

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), a chronic neurodegenerative disease that damages the trabecular meshwork (TM) cells, inducing apoptosis of the retinal ganglion cells (RGC), deteriorating the optic nerve head, and leading to blindness. Aqueous humor (AH) outflow resistance and intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation contribute to disease progression. Nevertheless, despite the existence of pharmacological and surgical treatments, there is room for the development of additional treatment approaches. The following review is aimed at investigating the role of different microRNAs (miRNAs) in the expression of genes and proteins involved in the regulation of inflammatory and degenerative processes, focusing on the delicate balance of synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) regulated by chronic oxidative stress in POAG related tissues. The neutralizing activity of a couple of miRNAs was described, suggesting effective downregulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic signaling pathways, including nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB), transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2), Wnt/β-Catenin, and PI3K/AKT. In addition, with regards to the elevated IOP in many POAG patients due to increased outflow resistance, Collagen type I degradation was stimulated by some miRNAs and prevented ECM deposition in TM cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction as a consequence of oxidative stress was suppressed following exposure to different miRNAs. In contrast, increased oxidative damage by inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway was described as part of the action of selected miRNAs. Summarizing, specific miRNAs may be promising therapeutic targets for lowering or preventing oxidative stress injury in POAG patients.

Antioxidant Status and Oxidative Stress in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 713-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesut Erdurmuş ◽  
Ramazan Yağcı ◽  
Ömer Atış ◽  
Remzi Karadağ ◽  
Ali Akbaş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals GSTs (T1 and M1) population data in patients with glaucoma: genetic screening and ethical aspects

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Ferreri F.M.B ◽  
Sapienza D
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Dna Polymorphisms ◽  
Congenital Glaucoma ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Healthy Individuals

Background and Aim: Molecular epidemiology is an interdisciplinary field concerning the analysis of biological indicators and the investigation of individual DNA polymorphisms. The glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) are one of the most studied metabolic gene families. They are involved in the genesis of oxidative stress and many authors hypothesize that some null polymorphic variants determine increasing toxic effects in tissues. Oxidative stress and antioxidant systems are very important in the onset and progress of glaucoma, one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. We investigate the association of null variant of GST (M1 and T1) with the risk of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and we considered the ethical and legal implications of genetic procedures as a screening tool. Materials and Methods: We conducted a case-control study including 103 unrelated carriers of glaucoma in a southern Italian population (living in Eastern Sicily) and 150 unrelated healthy individuals as controls, whose buccal swabs samples were genotyped for GST polymorphisms using a standardized multiplex PCR based method. Results: In patients with glaucoma (primary open angle glaucoma, POAG) null genotype of the investigated genetic polymorphisms is very common compared to the healthy individuals. The obtained data suggest an influence of the (dual) null genotype on the normal metabolic pathway in the genesis of congenital glaucoma giving to these polymorphisms the role of so-called “indicators of susceptibility”. Conclusions: We conclude that the increased frequency of null GSTs (M1, T1) in patients with glaucoma could be considered a risk factor for incidence of the disease. Screenings can be carried out only in compliance with legislative rules. Keywords: Glaucoma; Glutathione S-transferase; GSTM1; GSTT1

scholarly journals Neuroinflammation in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Vernazza ◽  
Sara Tirendi ◽  
Anna Maria Bassi ◽  
Carlo Enrico Traverso ◽  
Sergio Claudio Saccà
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Trabecular Meshwork ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Glaucoma Surgery ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Antioxidant Defences ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Wide Range

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the second leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests oxidative damage and immune response defects are key factors contributing to glaucoma onset. Indeed, both the failure of the trabecular meshwork tissue in the conventional outflow pathway and the neuroinflammation process, which drives the neurodegeneration, seem to be linked to the age-related over-production of free radicals (i.e., mitochondrial dysfunction) and to oxidative stress-linked immunostimulatory signaling. Several previous studies have described a wide range of oxidative stress-related makers which are found in glaucomatous patients, including low levels of antioxidant defences, dysfunction/activation of glial cells, the activation of the NF-κB pathway and the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and so on. However, the intraocular pressure is still currently the only risk factor modifiable by medication or glaucoma surgery. This present review aims to summarize the multiple cellular processes, which promote different risk factors in glaucoma including aging, oxidative stress, trabecular meshwork defects, glial activation response, neurodegenerative insults, and the altered regulation of immune response.

Evaluation of oxidative stress markers in pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Majsterek ◽  
Katarzyna Malinowska ◽  
Malgorzata Stanczyk ◽  
Michal Kowalski ◽  
Jan Blaszczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Stress Markers

scholarly journals Evaluation of Outflow StructuresIn Vivoafter the Phacocanaloplasty

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiva Paulaviciute-Baikstiene ◽  
Renata Vaiciuliene ◽  
Vytautas Jasinskas ◽  
Ingrida Januleviciene
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Glaucoma Medication ◽  
Postoperative Visual Acuity

Purpose. To evaluate thein vivochanges in Schlemm’s canal (SC) and the trabecular meshwork (TM) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) after phacocanaloplasty using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).Methods. Ten eyes of nine patients with POAG (6 men and 3 women) who underwent phacocanaloplasty. Preoperative and postoperative visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and use of glaucoma medications were evaluated. The main outcome measures were the area of SC and TM thickness assessed using AS-OCT before and 12 months after surgery.Results. We found statistically significant reduction in IOP (from 26.4 (8.6) mmHg to 12.9 (2.5) (p<0.05) mmHg), increase in VA from 0.7 (0.4) to 0.9 (0.2), and decrease in glaucoma medication from 2.6 (1.2) to 1.1 (1.3) at 12 months postoperatively. There was a significant increase in the SC area (3081.7 (842.8) μm2versus 5098.8 (1190.5) μm2,p<0.001) and a decrease in mean TM thickness (91.2 (18.6) μm versus 81.3 (15.1) μm,p=0.001) after surgery. We found negative correlations between SC area and IOP before surgery (r=-0.67,p=0.03) and also between SC area before and IOP reduction 12 months after the phacocanaloplasty (r=-0.80,p=0.005).Conclusions. Our results showed statistically significant dilation of SC area and reduction of TM thickness after phacocanaloplasty in POAG patients. The degree of SC expansion was related to the IOP decrease.

scholarly journals Association between Systemic Antioxidant Capacity and Retinal Vessel Diameters in Patients with Primary-Open Angle Glaucoma

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Yuji Takayanagi ◽  
Yasuyuki Takai ◽  
Sachiko Kaidzu ◽  
Masaki Tanito
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Pressure Independent ◽  
Retinal Vessel Diameters

The retinal vessel narrowing may be implicated in the pathogenesis of glaucoma; however, the association between systemic oxidative stress and retinal vessel diameter remains largely unknown. We examined the relationship between serum oxidative stress markers and retinal vessel diameters in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and cataract, using central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal vein equivalent (CRVE). We included 66 eyes of 66 patients with POAG (37 men, 29 women; 65.4 ± 11.7 years) and 20 eyes of 20 patients with cataract (7 men, 13 women; 69.4 ± 9.0 years) as the controls. The CRAE (p < 0.0001), CRVE (p < 0.0001), and serum biological antioxidant potential (BAP) (p = 0.0419) were significantly lower in the POAG group compared to the controls. The BAP showed significant correlation both with CRAE (ρ = 0.2148, p = 0.0471) and systolic blood pressure (ρ = −0.2431, p = 0.0241), while neither Diacron reactive oxygen metabolites nor sulfhydryl test correlated with them. The multivariate analyses indicated that age, best corrected visual acuity, and BAP were independent factors for CRAE or CRVE. The present study suggested that lower systemic antioxidant capacity was significantly associated with the intraocular pressure-independent vascular narrowing in POAG patients. This study provided a novel insight into the pathophysiology of glaucoma and highlighted the clinical impact on systemic antioxidant treatment for patients with glaucoma.

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