scholarly journals Mesothalamic Dopaminergic Activity: Implications in Sleep Alterations in Parkinson's Disease

10.5772/17851 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Q. M. Madureira
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dopaminergic Activity ◽  
Sleep Alterations

scholarly journals Dopamine promotes instrumental motivation, but reduces reward-related vigour

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P Grogan ◽  
Timothy R Sandhu ◽  
Michele T Hu ◽  
Sanjay G Manohar
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
Dopaminergic Activity ◽  
Contingent Reward ◽  
Internal Action ◽  
Saccadic Velocity ◽  
Saccade Task ◽  
Instrumental Motivation

We can be motivated when reward depends on performance, or merely by the prospect of a guaranteed reward. Performance-dependent (contingent) reward is instrumental, relying on an internal action-outcome model, whereas motivation by guaranteed reward may minimise opportunity cost in reward-rich environments. Competing theories propose that each type of motivation should be dependent on dopaminergic activity. We contrasted these two types of motivation with a rewarded saccade task, in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). When PD patients were ON dopamine, they had greater response vigour (peak saccadic velocity residuals) for contingent rewards, whereas when PD patients were OFF medication, they had greater vigour for guaranteed rewards. These results support the view that reward expectation and contingency drive distinct motivational processes, and can be dissociated by manipulating dopaminergic activity. We posit that dopamine promotes goal-directed motivation, but dampens reward-driven vigour, contradictory to the prediction that increased tonic dopamine amplifies reward expectation.

Parkinson's disease and depression

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.F.G. Leentjens ◽  
W.W. Van Den Broek
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Dopaminergic Activity ◽  
Serotonergic Activity

SummaryIn this review article, based on a literature study, present ideas upon the relation between M. Parkinson and concomittant depression are dicussed. After a short introduction, it is demonstrated that epidemiological studies show that a common pathophysiological basis can be assumed. Briefly pheno-menological aspects are mentioned, whereafter the changes in the different neurotransmittersystems are discussed in greater detail. The ratio of dopaminergic and serotonergic activities in the basal ganglia constitute an important determinant for the severity of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. Reduced serotonergic metabolism may be a compensatory mechanism for the reduced dopaminergic activity. At the same time, a reduced serotonergic activity can predispose to a depression. Lower activities in parts of the dopaminergic, serotonergic and noradrenergic systems may each be responsible for part of the affective symptomatology in depressed Parkinson patients.

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of glabellar tap sign for Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simo Nuuttila ◽  
Mikael Eklund ◽  
Juho Joutsa ◽  
Elina Jaakkola ◽  
Elina Mäkinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Diagnostic Validity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Dopaminergic Activity ◽  
Over Time

AbstractGlabellar tap or reflex (GR) is an old bedside clinical test used in the diagnostics of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but its diagnostic value is unclear. This study examines the diagnostic validity and reliability of GR in PD in relation to brain dopaminergic activity. GR was performed on 161 patients with PD, 47 patients with essential tremor (ET) and 40 healthy controls immediately prior to dopamine transporter (DAT) [123I]FP-CIT SPECT scanning. The binding ratios were investigated with consideration of the GR result (normal/abnormal). In addition, the consistency of the GR was investigated with 89 patients after a mean follow-up of 2.2 years. PD and ET patients had higher GR scores than healthy controls (p < 0.001), but there was no difference in GR between PD and ET patients (p = 0.09). There were no differences in the ratio of abnormal to normal GRs between the PD and ET groups (73% vs. 64% abnormal, respectively, p = 0.13) or in DAT binding between PD patients with abnormal and normal GRs (p > 0.36). Over follow-up, the GR changed from abnormal to normal in 20% of PD patients despite the presence of clinically typical disease. The sensitivity and specificity of GR for differentiating PD from ET were 78.3% and 36.2%, respectively. Although GR has been used by clinicians in the diagnostics of PD, it does not separate PD from ET. It also shows considerable inconsistency over time, and abnormal GR has no relationship with dopamine loss. Its usefulness should be tested for other clinical diagnostic purposes.

Regulation of dopaminergic activity in early Parkinson's disease

1999 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joakim Tedroff ◽  
Anna Ekesbo ◽  
Erik Rydin ◽  
Bengt L�ngstr�m ◽  
Gisela Hagberg
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dopaminergic Activity ◽  
Early Parkinson’S Disease

Striatal dopaminergic activity (FDOPA-PET) associated with cognitive items of a depression scale (MADRS) in Parkinson's disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 3132-3136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janneke Koerts ◽  
Klaus L. Leenders ◽  
Marthe Koning ◽  
Axel T. Portman ◽  
Marije Van Beilen
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Dopaminergic Activity

scholarly journals Dopamine promotes instrumental motivation, but reduces reward-related vigour

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Grogan ◽  
T.R. Sandhu ◽  
M.T. Hu ◽  
S.G. Manohar
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
Dopaminergic Activity ◽  
Contingent Reward ◽  
Internal Action ◽  
Saccadic Velocity ◽  
Saccade Task ◽  
Instrumental Motivation

SummaryWe can be motivated when reward depends on performance, or merely by the prospect of a guaranteed reward. Performance-dependent (contingent) reward is instrumental, relying on an internal action-outcome model, whereas motivation by guaranteed reward may serve to minimise opportunity cost in reward-rich environments. Competing theories propose that each type of motivation should be dependent on dopaminergic activity. We contrasted these two types of motivation with a rewarded saccade task, in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). When PD patients were ON dopamine, they had greater response vigour (peak saccadic velocity) for contingent rewards, whereas when PD patients were OFF medication, they had greater vigour for guaranteed rewards. These results support the view that reward expectation and contingency drive distinct motivational processes, and can be dissociated by manipulating dopaminergic activity. We posit that dopamine is necessary for goal-directed motivation, but dampens reward-driven vigour, challenging the theory that tonic dopamine encodes reward expectation.

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