scholarly journals Dry Digestion of Organic Residues

10.5772/16398 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrid Kusch ◽  
Winfried Schafer ◽  
Martin Kranert
Keyword(s):  
Organic Residues ◽  
Dry Digestion

scholarly journals Regional diversity in subsistence among early farmers in Southeast Europe revealed by archaeological organic residues

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1894) ◽  
pp. 20182347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy J. E. Cramp ◽  
Jonathan Ethier ◽  
Dushka Urem-Kotsou ◽  
Clive Bonsall ◽  
Dušan Borić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Residues ◽  
Southeast Europe ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Economic Practices ◽  
Early Farming ◽  
Transformative Process ◽  
Climatic Range ◽  
Early Farmers ◽  
Early Pottery ◽  
Neolithic Pottery

The spread of early farming across Europe from its origins in Southwest Asia was a culturally transformative process which took place over millennia. Within regions, the pace of the transition was probably related to the particular climatic and environmental conditions encountered, as well as the nature of localized hunter–gatherer and farmer interactions. The establishment of farming in the interior of the Balkans represents the first movement of Southwest Asian livestock beyond their natural climatic range, and widespread evidence now exists for early pottery being used extensively for dairying. However, pottery lipid residues from sites in the Iron Gates region of the Danube in the northern Balkans show that here, Neolithic pottery was being used predominantly for processing aquatic resources. This stands out not only within the surrounding region but also contrasts markedly with Neolithic pottery use across wider Europe. These findings provide evidence for the strategic diversity within the wider cultural and economic practices during the Neolithic, with this exceptional environmental and cultural setting offering alternative opportunities despite the dominance of farming in the wider region.

Mid-term (30 years) changes of soil properties under chestnut stands due to organic residues management: An integrated study

CATENA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 105021
Author(s):  
Mauro De Feudis ◽  
Gloria Falsone ◽  
Livia Vittori Antisari
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Integrated Study

scholarly journals Influence of Application of Organic Residues of Different Biochemical Quality on Phosphorus Fractions in a Tropical Sandy Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Tanabhat-Sakorn Sukitprapanon ◽  
Metawee Jantamenchai ◽  
Duangsamorn Tulaphitak ◽  
Nattaporn Prakongkep ◽  
Robert John Gilkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Organic Residue ◽  
Residue Quality ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Fraction ◽  
Labile P

Understanding phosphorus (P) dynamics in tropical sandy soil treated with organic residues of contrasting quality is crucial for P management using organic amendments. This research determined P fractions in a tropical sandy soil under the application of organic residues of different quality, including groundnut stover (GN), tamarind leaf litter (TM), dipterocarp leaf litter (DP), and rice straw (RS). The organic residues were applied at the rate of 10 t DM ha−1 year−1. The P fractions were examined by a sequential extraction procedure. Organic residue application, regardless of residue quality, resulted in P accumulation in soils. For unamended soil, 55% of total P was mainly associated with Al (hydr)oxides. Organic residue application, regardless of residue quality, diminished the NH4F-extractable P (Al-P) fraction, but it had a nonsignificant effect on NaOH-extractable P (Fe-P). The majority of Al-P and Fe-P fractions were associated with crystalline Al and Fe (hydr)oxides. NH4Cl-extractable P (labile P), NaHCO3-extractable P (exchangeable P and mineralizable organic P), HCl-extractable P (Ca-P), and residual P fractions in soil were significantly increased as a result of the incorporation of organic residues. The application of organic residues, particularly those high in ash alkalinity, increase soil pH, labile P, and Ca-P fractions. In contrast, applications of residues high in lignin and polyphenols increase residual P fraction, which is associated with organo-mineral complexes and clay mineral kaolinite.

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Residues on Pesticide Behavior in Soils: A Review of Laboratory Research

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
María J. Carpio ◽  
María J. Sánchez-Martín ◽  
M. Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz ◽  
Jesús M. Marín-Benito
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

The management of large volumes of organic residues generated in different livestock, urban, agricultural and industrial activities is a topic of environmental and social interest. The high organic matter content of these residues means that their application as soil organic amendments in agriculture is considered one of the more sustainable options, as it could solve the problem of the accumulation of uncontrolled wastes while improving soil quality and avoiding its irreversible degradation. However, the behavior of pesticides applied to increase crop yields could be modified in the presence of these amendments in the soil. This review article addresses how the adsorption–desorption, dissipation and leaching of pesticides in soils is affected by different organic residues usually applied as organic amendments. Based on the results reported from laboratory studies, the influence on these processes has been evaluated of multiple factors related to organic residues (e.g., origin, nature, composition, rates, and incubation time of the amended soils), pesticides (e.g., with different use, structure, characteristics, and application method), and soils with different physicochemical properties. Future perspectives on this topic are also included for highlighting the need to extend these laboratory studies to field and modelling scale to better assess and predict pesticide fate in amended soil scenarios.

Effects of Organic Residues on Strawberry Root Growth

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Neri ◽  
Nobuo Sugiyama ◽  
Akiko Inujima
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Organic Residues

scholarly journals First Evidence of “Earth Wax” Inside the Casting Molds from the Roman Era

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4259
Author(s):  
Klára Jagošová ◽  
Jan Jílek ◽  
Pavel Fojtík ◽  
Ivan Čižmář ◽  
Miroslav Popelka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Organic Residue ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Solids Analysis ◽  
Ceramic Casting

This research was focused on the analysis of material composition and organic residues present in three molds found in the Moravian region (Czech Republic) belonging to the Roman era. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy pointed out the possible remelting of Roman objects in Barbarian territory. The analysis of organic residues retrieved from the internal part of mold #2 by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry proved the presence of ozokerite wax (“earth wax”). Consequent analysis of this organic residue by Atmospheric Solids Analysis Probe–ion mobility spectrometry–high-resolution mass spectrometry (ASAP-IMS-HRMS) confirmed the presence of ceresin, the main component of ozokerite. Ceresin was also detected in a sample of the organic residue from mold #1. Note that this is the first application of ASAP-IMS-HRMS in archaeological research. The remains of earth wax in molds suggest the production of wax models as an intermediate stage for the production of lost-wax ceramic casting molds.

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