scholarly journals Weldability of Grade 2 Titanium Sheets with Pulsed Nd:YAG Microlaser Welding Filler and Without Filler

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan APAY
Keyword(s):  
Laser Welding ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Heat Affect Zone ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
Welding Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Microstructure Examination ◽  
Micro Laser Welding

Laser welding method is widely used in the welding of different materials. Deep penetration, low heat input, narrow heat affect zone, low stress-strain, and distortion are important features of this welding method as compared to other joint methods. Today, it is possible to see the applications of laser welding in the repair of precious metals, moulds, and machine parts. The laser welding method is preferred in the manufacture of many parts of precious metals. Titanium and particularly Grade 2 alloys are used in a wide range of applications, from medical applications to the aerospace industry applications. Since titanium is made of precious metals, it is of great use in manufacturing without much scrap. In the joints made by welding, it is estimated that the amount of scrap loss will decrease as a result of the potential to predict the distortion that the material will undergo and to provide more controlled planning of the current production. In this study, the weldability of 0.6 mm sheet materials with laser butt-welding was investigated. The effects of pulsed micro laser welding parameters on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and surface morphology of the fractures were investigated. As a result of the microstructure examination, it was found that cross-section narrowing was seen without filling welding. Fracture of the welded joints occurred in the base metal, showing an ultimate tensile strength of approximately 248 MPa with an elongation of 26.7 %.

scholarly journals Dissimilar Metals Laser Welding between DP1000 Steel and Aluminum Alloy 1050

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
António Pereira ◽  
Ana Cabrinha ◽  
Fábio Rocha ◽  
Pedro Marques ◽  
Fábio Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Laser Welding ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Dissimilar Metals ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
1050 Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes

The welding of dissimilar metals was carried out using a pulsed Nd: YAG laser to join DP1000 steel and an aluminum alloy 1050 H111. Two sheets of each metal, with 30 × 14 × 1 mm3, were lap welded, since butt welding proved to be nearly impossible due to the huge thermal conductivity differences and melting temperature differences of these materials. The aim of this research was to find the optimal laser welding parameters based on the mechanical and microstructure investigations. Thus, the welded samples were then subjected to tensile testing to evaluate the quality of the joining operation. The best set of welding parameters was replicated, and the welding joint obtained using these proper parameters was carefully analyzed using optical and scanning electron microscopes. Despite the predicted difficulties of welding two distinct metals, good quality welded joints were achieved. Additionally, some samples performed satisfactorily well in the mechanical tests, reaching tensile strengths close to the original 1050 aluminum alloy.

scholarly journals Root formation and mechanical properties in laser keyhole welding of 15 mm thick HSLA steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 1135 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
Ivan Bunaziv ◽  
Cato Dørum ◽  
Steen Erik Nielsen ◽  
Pasi Suikkanen ◽  
Xiaobo Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Hsla Steel ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Persistent Problem ◽  
Single Pass ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Root Quality

Abstract Deep penetration laser welding is promising in joining thick (> 10 mm) steel sections. Focused laser beam by drilling vapour cavity, the keyhole, generates deep and narrow welds. Full penetration single-pass joining has a persistent problem with root quality where humping is one of the most frequent imperfection. This strongly hampers the use of high-power laser for thick plate welding. A 16 kW disk laser was used for single-pass welding of 15 mm thick plates in a butt joint configuration. Root humping occurred within a wide range of welding parameters. This provides narrow processing window. By adding an arc source to the laser beam process, the tendency of root humping increases. To achieve humping-free welds and consistent root quality over length, a delicate balance of process parameters is required. High heat input (> 0.50 kJ/mm) was positive to achieve a combination of low hardness (< 325 HV) and good Charpy toughness at -50 °C (> 50 J).

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Input During Disk Laser Bead-On-Plate Welding of Thermomechanically Rolled Steel on Penetration Characteristics and Porosity Formation in the Weld Metal

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lisiecki
Keyword(s):  
Laser Welding ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Porosity Formation ◽  
Disk Laser ◽  
Full Penetration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Weld Porosity ◽  
The Relationship

The paper presents a detailed analysis of the influence of heat input during laser bead-on-plate welding of 5.0 mm thick plates of S700MC steel by modern Disk laser on the mechanism of steel penetration, shape and depth of penetration, and also on tendency to weld porosity formation. Based on the investigations performed in a wide range of laser welding parameters the relationship between laser power and welding speed, thus heat input, required for full penetration was determined. Additionally the relationship between the laser welding parameters and weld quality was determined.

Investigation and Optimization of Laser Welding of Ti-6Al-4 V Titanium Alloy Plates

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizia Caiazzo ◽  
Vittorio Alfieri ◽  
Gaetano Corrado ◽  
Francesco Cardaropoli ◽  
Vincenzo Sergi
Keyword(s):  
Laser Welding ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Beam Quality ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Predicted Values

Titanium alloys are employed in a wide range of applications, from aerospace to medicine. In particular, Ti-6Al-4 V is the most common, thanks to an excellent combination of low density, high specific strength, and corrosion resistance. Laser welding has been increasingly considered as an alternative to traditional techniques to join titanium alloys. An increase in penetration depth and a reduction of possible welding defects are indeed achieved; moreover, a smaller grain size in the fused zone (FZ) is benefited in comparison to either tungsten inert gas (TIG) or plasma arc welding, thus improving the tensile strength of the welded structures. This study was carried out on 3 mm thick Ti-6Al-4 V plates in square butt welding configuration. The novelty element of the investigation is the use of a disk-laser source, which allows a number of benefits thanks to better beam quality; furthermore, a proper device was developed for bead protection, as titanium is prone to oxidation when in fused state. A three-level factorial plan was arranged in face-centered cubic scheme. The regression models were found for a number of crucial responses and the corresponding surfaces were discussed; then a numerical optimization was carried out. The suggested condition was evaluated to compare the actual responses to the predicted values; X-ray inspections, Vickers micro hardness tests, and tensile tests were performed for the optimum.

scholarly journals Disk Laser Welding of Armor Steel/ Spawanie Laserem Dyskowym Stali Pancernej

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1641-1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Janicki
Keyword(s):  
Laser Welding ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
Disk Laser ◽  
Armor Steel ◽  
Charpy Absorbed Energy

Abstract The paper describes the application of an Yb:YAG disk laser with a maximum output of 3.3 kW for the butt welding of armor steel plates ARMOX 500T 3.6 mm thick. The influence of laser welding parameters such as laser power beam, welding speed, focal point position on weld quality and mechanical properties of joints was studied. A proper selection of disk laser welding parameters provides non-porous and cracks free fully-penetrated welds with the aspect ratio up to 6.4. There was approx. 40% reduction in the hardness of heat affected zone (HAZ) in comparison to hardness of the base material (BM). The hardness values at the weld metal and the BM were similar. The joints exhibited about 15% lower ultimate tensile strength when compared with that of the BM. Charpy absorbed energy of the joints was approx. 30% lower than that of the BM.

Parameters of Laser Welding and their Influence of Weld Seam

2015 ◽  
Vol 818 ◽  
pp. 260-263
Author(s):  
Peter Balog ◽  
Janette Brezinová ◽  
Peter Pastorek
Keyword(s):  
Laser Welding ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Beam Quality ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Butt Welding

Lap joints are most used joints in automotive industry. These types of welds are usually created by spot welding, but new technologies who came to automotive industry considerably do weld process faster. Paper deals with laser welding parameters and their influence of weld seams. The parameters of welding are readjusting according to shape of weld, impurities of surface and gap. Steel S500MC with thickness of 1.0 and 2.2 mm was used as the base material. For welding was used fiber laser Ytterbium Laser System YLS with power of 6000 watt from IPG Company. Research was oriented on changing weld parameters and their influence of welds quality. It was found that butt welding joints are sensitive to gap and the gap tolerances which in turn is dependent on material thickness, beam diameter, welding speed and beam quality.

Determination of Optimum LASER Welding Parameters and the Development of a LASER Welding Technique to Enhance the Lateral Impact Strength of a Spacer Grid Assembly for a PWR Fuel Assembly

2008 ◽  
Vol 580-582 ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kee Nam Song ◽  
Soo Sung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Laser Welding ◽  
Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Laser Beam Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Lateral Loads ◽  
Spacer Grid ◽  
Buckling Strength ◽  
Welding Method ◽  
Welding Technique

A spacer grid assembly, which is an interconnected array of slotted grid straps welded at the intersections to form an egg crate structure, is one of the core structural components of the nuclear fuel assemblies of a Pressurized light Water Reactor (PWR). The spacer grid assembly is structurally required to have enough buckling strength under lateral loads so that the nuclear fuel rods are maintained in a coolable geometry, and that control rods are able to be inserted. The ability of a spacer grid assembly to resist lateral loads is usually characterized in terms of its dynamic and static crush strengths. Since the crush strengths of a spacer grid assembly are known to depend on the weld qualities at the intersections of the slotted grid straps, high-tech welding methods, such as a TIG welding, LASER beam welding or Electron beam welding method, have been used recently in the nuclear fuel manufacturing fields. In this study, to meet the above requirements, two kinds of researches were carried out. First, by adjusting the LASER beam welding parameters, an optimum welding combination of the LASER beam welding parameters was obtained for welding a spacer grid assembly. Second, a new LASER beam welding technique was proposed to obtain a longer weld line and a smaller weld bead size by tilting the LASER beam. The buckling strength of the spacer grid welded by the new LASER beam welding technique was enhanced by up to 30 % when compared to that by the conventional LASER beam welding method.

scholarly journals Welding of Thermomechanically Rolled Fine-Grain Steel by Different Types of Lasers/ Spawanie Stali Drobnoziarnistej Walcowanej Termomechanicznie Laserami Różnego Typu

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1625-1631 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lisiecki
Keyword(s):  
Laser Welding ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Butt Joints ◽  
Disk Laser ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Weld Porosity ◽  
Diode Laser Welding

Abstract The autogenous laser welding of 2.5 mm thick butt joints of thermomechanically rolled fine-grain steel grade S420MC was investigated. Butt joints were laser welded by the Yb:YAG Disk laser, emitted a circular laser beam with spot diameter of 200 μm at 1.03 μm wavelength, and also by the high power direct diode laser, emitted a rectangular beam with dimension of 1.8x6.8 mm at 808 nm wavelength. Different welding modes were identified for the lasers applied. The conduction welding mode was observed in whole of the diode laser welding parameters. While high quality joints, without any internal defects and characterized with satisfactory mechanical performance were produced in a wide range of parameters. The butt joints produced by Disk laser were welded at keyhole mode. In this case a slight tendency to weld porosity was found.

A stochastic model of the deep penetration laser welding of metals

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phiroze Kapadia ◽  
Pablo Solana ◽  
John Dowden
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Laser Welding ◽  
Deep Penetration
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