scholarly journals Electrochemical Corrosion and Metal Ion Release Protective Efficiency of the Multilayer TaN Coatings on CoCrMo Biomedical Alloy

2021 ◽  
pp. X
Author(s):  
Ali Kemal ASLAN ◽  
Erkan BAHÇE ◽  
Mehmet Sami GÜLER
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Multilayer Coatings ◽  
Closed Field ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Protective Efficiency ◽  
Metal Ion Release

CoCrMo alloy is widely used in artificial orthopedic joint applications due to its high mechanical properties. But, high levels of the metal ion release from alloy surfaces cause variable toxic and allergic effects on the patient in vivo use. This case restricts the lifetime of the implant and results in the failure of the artificial joint. In order to enhance the corrosion resistance and to decrease the metal ion release, alloy surface was multilayer-coated by closed field unbalanced magnetron system. The protective efficiency of the coatings was determined by potentiodynamic polarization tests and static immersion tests were performed for 45, 60 and 90 days in the simulated body fluid in order to understand the effect of the coatings on the metal ion release. The metal ion concentrations in the simulated body fluids were determined by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry device. The electrochemical corrosion results showed that the multilayer coatings provided 93 % protective efficiency in terms of corrosion resistance. Multilayer coatings decreased the metal ions release levels significantly, especially Co leaking was decreased approximately 52 times compared to uncoated samples.

In Vivo Evaluation of Micronucleus Frequencies in Buccal Mucosal Cells of Orthodontic Patients with and Without Fluoride Use

2021 ◽  
pp. 030157422110373
Author(s):  
Prasad Chitra ◽  
GS Prashantha ◽  
Arun Rao ◽  
Harshvardhan S Jois
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Metal Ion Release ◽  
Mucosal Cells

Introduction: Fluoride agents to prevent white spot lesions are used often during orthodontic treatment. The beneficial effects of fluoride, when consumed within permissible limits on dental structures, are well known. Their implications on underlying biological tissues, however, are unknown. Mouthwashes and dentifrices with fluorides are associated with metal ion release into the mouth with possible cell genotoxicity. Since these cariostatic agents are frequently used during orthodontic therapy, a deeper understanding of the effects of fluoride on oral tissues was considered necessary. Methodology: Three groups of patients (30 each)—group 1 (untreated controls), group 2 (non-fluoridated), and group 3 (Fluoridated) were analyzed. Patients in groups 2 and 3 were bonded with the same bracket prescription and treated with similar archwire sequences. Buccal mucosal cells at 4 specific time periods (before treatment, 1 week, 30 days, and 6 months) were collected, using a wooden tongue depressor, and assessed for any nuclear abnormalities. Comparisons of changes were made with an untreated control group and also between the non-fluoridated and fluoridated groups. Relevant conclusions were drawn after analysis of the results. Results: Greater number of nuclei were observed at the 30-day time interval in the fluoridated group, which was statistically significant at P < .001. Conclusion: Use of fluoridated oral hygiene products in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment with NiTi archwires could increase the risk of micronuclei formation in buccal mucosal cells.

scholarly journals Alkaline Phosphatase Immobilization on New Chitosan Membranes with Mg2+ for Biomedical Applications

Marine Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gratiela Tihan ◽  
Roxana Zgarian ◽  
Elena Berteanu ◽  
Daniela Ionita ◽  
Georgeta Totea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Microscopy Technique ◽  
Metal Ion Release ◽  
Chitosan Membranes

In this paper, we present the fabrication and characterization of new chitosan-based membranes while using a new biotechnology for immobilizing alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This technology involved metal ions incorporation to develop new biopolymeric supports. The chemical structure and morphological characteristics of proposed membranes were evaluated by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and the scanning electron microscopy technique (SEM). The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) evidenced the metal ion release in time. Moreover, the effect of Mg2+ on the enzymatic activity and the antibacterial investigations while using Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, hemolysis, and biocompatibility behavior were studied. Immobilizing ALP into the chitosan membranes composition followed by the incorporation of Mg2+ led to polymeric supports with enhanced cellular viability when comparing to chitosan-based membranes without Mg2+. The results obtained evidenced promising performance in biomedical applications for the new biopolymeric supports that are based on chitosan, ALP, and metal ions.

Metal Ion Release and Cytotoxicity of Titanium Orthodontic Miniscrews

2017 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Katha Kosayadiloka ◽  
Nathaphon Tangjit ◽  
Suwannee Luppanapornlarp ◽  
Peerapong Santiwong
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Metal Ion Release ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The aim of this study was to investigate the metal ion release and cytotoxicity of MU orthodontic miniscrews as well as two other brands of orthodontic miniscrews over time. Twenty-four orthodontic miniscrews were tested, divided into three groups of eight. Each sample extraction was performed following the ISO 10993-12:2012 method. Solutions were collected after 1, 7, and 30 days (T1, T2, and T3). The supernatants extracted from these three groups were added and exposed to mouse L929 fibroblastic cell line using an MTT cytotoxicity test. They were also tested for ion release by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Element analysis by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used to analyze the surfaces of the miniscrews. The quantification of three elements, namely, titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), and vanadium (V) were assessed. The results indicated that there were no statistical differences between the self-made orthodontic miniscrews and those from two commercial groups (p<0.05). Throughout the testing period, the quantity of ions increased from T1 to T3. After 24 h, vanadium was the first to appear on the surface in small quantities in other two commercial groups. The self-made orthodontic miniscrews exhibited no toxic effects on living cells.

scholarly journals Metal ion release from silver soldering and laser welding caused by different types of mouthwash

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Tuygun Erdogan ◽  
Didem Nalbantgil ◽  
Feyza Ulkur ◽  
Fikrettin Sahin
Keyword(s):  
Laser Welding ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Metal Ion Release ◽  
Group Comparisons

ABSTRACT Objective:  To compare metal ion release from samples welded with silver soldering and laser welding when immersed into mouthwashes with different ingredients. Materials and Methods:  A total of 72 samples were prepared: 36 laser welded and 36 silver soldered. Four samples were chosen from each subgroup to study the morphologic changes on their surfaces via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Each group was further divided into four groups where the samples were submerged into mouthwash containing sodium fluoride (NaF), mouthwash containing sodium fluoride + alcohol (NaF + alcohol), mouthwash containing chlorhexidine (CHX), or artificial saliva (AS) for 24 hours and removed thereafter. Subsequently, the metal ion release from the samples was measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The metal ion release among the solutions and the welding methods were compared. The Kruskal-Wallis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used for the group comparisons, and post hoc Dunn multiple comparison test was utilized for the two group comparisons. Results:  The level of metal ion release from samples of silver soldering was higher than from samples of laser welding. Furthermore, greater amounts of nickel, chrome, and iron were released from silver soldering. With regard to the mouthwash solutions, the lowest amounts of metal ions were released in CHX, and the highest amounts of metal ions were released in NaF + alcohol. SEM images were in accord with these findings. Conclusions:  The laser welding should be preferred over silver soldering. CHX can be recommended for patients who have welded appliances for orthodontic reasons.

scholarly journals Copper and Cobalt Ions Released from Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Trigger Skin Sensitization

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Hyun Kim ◽  
Jin Hee Lee ◽  
Kikyung Jung ◽  
Jun-Young Yang ◽  
Hyo-Sook Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Skin Sensitization ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Metal Chlorides ◽  
Cobalt Ions ◽  
Metal Ion Release

Human skins are exposed to nanomaterials in everyday life from various sources such as nanomaterial-containing cosmetics, air pollutions, and industrial nanomaterials. Nanomaterials comprising metal haptens raises concerns about the skin sensitization to nanomaterials. In this study, we evaluated the skin sensitization of nanomaterials comparing metal haptens in vivo and in vitro. We selected five metal oxide NPs, containing copper oxide, cobalt monoxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, or titanium oxide, and two types of metal chlorides (CoCl2 and CuCl2), to compare the skin sensitization abilities between NPs and the constituent metals. The materials were applied to KeratinoSensTM cells for imitated skin-environment setting, and luciferase induction and cytotoxicity were evaluated at 48 h post-incubation. In addition, the response of metal oxide NPs was confirmed in lymph node of BALB/C mice via an in vivo method. The results showed that CuO and CoO NPs induce a similar pattern of positive luciferase induction and cytotoxicity compared to the respective metal chlorides; Co3O4, NiO, and TiO2 induced no such response. Collectively, the results implied fast-dissolving metal oxide (CuO and CoO) NPs release their metal ion, inducing skin sensitization. However, further investigations are required to elucidate the mechanism underlying NP-induced skin sensitization. Based on ion chelation data, metal ion release was confirmed as the major “factor” for skin sensitization.

scholarly journals A Literature Review Study on Atomic Ions Dissolution of Titanium and Its Alloys in Implant Dentistry

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sammy Noumbissi ◽  
Antonio Scarano ◽  
Saurabh Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Metal Ion Release

This review of literature paper was done in order to conduct a review of the literature and an assessment of the effects of titanium implant corrosion on peri-implant health and success in the oral environment. This paper evaluates and critically reviews the findings of the multiple in-depth in vivo and in vitro studies that are related to corrosion aspects of the titanium and its alloys. A literature survey was conducted by electronic search in Medline and studies that were published between 1940 and August 2018 were selected. The search terms used were types of corrosion, corrosion of titanium implants, titanium corrosion, metal ion release from the titanium implants, fretting and pitting corrosion, implant corrosion, peri implantitis, and corrosion. Both in vivo and in vitro studies were also included in the review. The search and selection resulted in 64 articles. These articles were divided on the basis of their context to different kinds of corrosion related to titanium dental implants. It is evident that metal ions are released from titanium and titanium alloy dental implants as a result of corrosion. Corrosion of implants is multifactorial, including electrical, chemical, and mechanical factors, which have an effect on the peri-implant tissues and microbiota. The literature surveyed showed that corrosion related to titanium and its alloys has an effect on the health of peri-implant soft and hard tissue and the long term survival of metal dental implants. It can be concluded that presence of the long-term corrosion reaction along with continuous corrosion leads to the release of ions into the peri-implant tissue but also to a disintegration of the implant that contribute to material fatigue and even fracture of the abutments and implant body or both. This combined impact of the corrosion, bacterial activity, chemical reactions, and functional stresses are to be looked at as important factors of implant failure. The findings can be used to explore the possible strategies of research to investigate the biological impact of implant materials.

scholarly journals Metal ion release from fixed orthodontic appliances--an in vivo study

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Amini ◽  
A. Jafari ◽  
P. Amini ◽  
S. Sepasi
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Metal Ion Release
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