scholarly journals Impact of Weft Yarn Density and Core-yarn Fibre Composition on Tensile Properties, Abrasion Resistance and Air Permeability of Denim Fabrics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nele MANDRE ◽  
Tiia PLAMUS ◽  
Andres KRUMME
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Polyester Fibre ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Yarn ◽  
The Impact

Characteristics and serviceability of denim fabrics have undergone major changes. Nowadays denim is commonly used for casual wear. Durability and comfort are important parameters for consumers when choosing a denim garment. Therefore, in this study, abrasion resistance, tear and tensile properties of core–spun yarns and air permeability of denim fabrics with different weft yarns per centimetre and fibre content were analysed. The test results showed that weft yarns per centimetre influences fabric air permeability negatively but abrasion resistance increases. Higher weft yarns per centimetre influences fabric air permeability negatively but abrasion resistance increases. Polyester, elastane, modal, viscose and Lycra T400 were used in the core of weft yarn to analyse the impact of those fibres on the durability and comfort properties. Elastane is used to add stretchability to the fabric, which provides comfort to the wearer. The higher the elastomeric fibre content in the fabric, the greater is its elasticity; however, the tensile properties of the woven fabric decrease. The tear strength of the fabric was increased by the presence of the polyester fibre in the core.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bed Cover Properties Produced from Double Fabric Based on Honeycomb

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
A. A. Salama ◽  
A. S. El-Deeb ◽  
I. M. El-shahat
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Geometrical Properties ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Air Pockets

This research aims to innovate a new fabric structure, which could be used as a bed cover based on double honeycomb fabric with self-stitching. The honeycomb air pockets were aimed at facing each other to form closed small air chambers which work to sequester the air. The double fabric increases fabric thickness. Thus, the opportunity to improve thermal comfort could be achieved. A number of samples were produced with different densities and counts of weft yarn. Thermal insulation and water vapour permeability were measured and compared with bed covers produced from reversible weft backed structure. Geometrical properties, abrasion resistance, and air permeability were also measured. The results showed that the innovated structure had higher values of thermal insulation than reversible weft backed structure at certain weft counts and densities.

Gamma radiation shielding effectiveness of cellular woven fabrics

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 712-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Özdemir ◽  
Berkay Camgöz
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Shielding Effectiveness ◽  
Fabric Thickness ◽  
Core Yarn ◽  
Shielding Material

Lead-shielding products, such as lead aprons, are important materials for personal protection of physicians and patients from X-ray (gamma) radiation during medical operations. However, lead has environmental disadvantages such as high toxicity. The aim of this study was to manufacture an environmentally friendly and flexible textile-based radiation shielding material. In this work, 3/1 twill and some cellular woven fabrics were produced with conductive core yarns, and gamma radiation shielding effectiveness of these cellular woven fabrics were investigated and compared with that of the 3/1 twill woven fabric, which are commonly used as uniforms and were not studied previously in any other literature. The effects of weave on the structural characteristics of fabric such as the conductive weft yarn density, fabric thickness, and fullness were analyzed graphically and statistically. It is observed that with indenting and protruding, structure cellular woven fabrics performed better gamma radiation shielding performance than the 3/1 twill woven fabrics. The sample B1, woven with cellular weave 1, has the highest gamma radiation shielding effectiveness, thanks to the highest fabric thickness. In addition, the increase in the conductive core yarn density improved the gamma radiation shielding effectiveness of the woven fabrics.

Physico-mechanical and erosive wear analysis of polyester fibre-based nonwoven fabric-reinforced polymer composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Tejyan ◽  
Tej Singh ◽  
Amar Patnaik ◽  
Gusztáv Fekete ◽  
Brijesh Gangil
Keyword(s):  
Impact Velocity ◽  
Polyester Fibre ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Erosive Wear ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
The Impact

The research work aims to study the physico-mechanical and erosive wear behaviour of polyester fibre-based needle-punched nonwoven fabric mat reinforced epoxy composites. Therefore, the epoxy composites with varying proportion of polyester fibre-based needle-punched nonwoven fabric mat were fabricated and characterized for their physical, mechanical and erosive wear properties. The experimental results indicated that the increase of fibre content enhanced the physical and mechanical properties of the composites. To optimize and improve the erosive wear performance of fabricated composites, the Taguchi method was implemented. For this, L27 orthogonal array was constructed to examine the influence of the five control factors including impingement angle, impact velocity, stand-off distance, fibre content and erodent size. The experimental schedule was carried out in an air jet erosion test rig. The results indicate that the impact velocity emerges as the most significant control factor affecting the erosive wear of fabricated composites. Finally, the possible erosive wear mechanisms were studied by examining the composites eroded surfaces with scanning electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Air permability of worsted fabrics

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (04) ◽  
pp. 322-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
ÖZDEMİR HAKAN
Keyword(s):  
Air Permeability ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Permeability Property ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Finishing Process

Comfort is one of the most important aspects of clothing. Air permeability, one of the comfort charectaristics of fabrics, depends mainly on the fabric structure, which can be described by weave and yarn density. In this study, 16 worsted woven fabric samples were produced for winter clothing using eight frequently implemented weave types together with one warp density (28 ends/cm) and two weft densities (25 and 28 picks/cm). Additonally, semi-dull finish was applied on raw fabrics. Results revealed the effect of weave, weft yarn density and finishing process on air permeability of woven fabrics. 2/2 twill woven fabric, whose porosity is the lowest, have the lowest air permeability properties, therefore it is more convenient for winter clothing. It is observed that in all weave types, an increase at weft setting caused to decrease in air permeability and porosity values. Finishing process also leads to decreasesin porosity thereby to decrease air permeability property

Dref-3 yarn structure with plied staple fibrous core

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-246
Author(s):  
Manik Bhowmick ◽  
Arup Kumar Rakshit ◽  
Sajal Kumar Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Staple Fibre ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Core ◽  
Spun Yarns ◽  
Yarn Structure ◽  
Single Yarn ◽  
Core Yarn

Purpose Dref-3 friction spun core yarns produced using staple fibre yarn as the core, e.g. Jute core yarn wrapped with cotton fibre, have poorer mechanical properties compared to the core yarn itself. The purpose of this study was to understand the structure of such yarns, that will lead to the optimization of fibre, machine and process variables for production of better quality yarn from the Dref-3/3000 machines. Design/methodology/approach The Dref spinning trials were conducted following a full factorial design with six variables, all with two operative levels. The Dref-3 friction spun yarn, in which the core is a plied, twisted ring yarn composed of cotton singles and the sheath, formed from the same cotton fibres making the singles, has been examined. The structures have also been studied by using the tracer fibre technique. Findings It was observed that rather than depending on the plied core yarn, the tensile properties of the Dref-3 yarn are significantly determined by the parameters those affect the constituent single yarn tensile properties, i.e. the amount of twist and its twist direction, yarn linear density and the sheath fibre proportion used during the Dref spinning in making the final yarn. Further, when the twist direction of single yarn, double yarn and the Dref spinning false twisting are in the same direction, the produced core-sheath yarn exhibits better tensile properties. Practical implications The understanding of the yarn structure will lead to optimized production of all staple fibre core Dref spun yarns. Social implications The research work may lead to utilization of coarse and harsh untapped natural fibres to the production of value-added textile products. Originality/value Though an earlier research has reported the effects of sheath fibre fineness and length on the tensile and bending properties of Dref-3 friction yarn, the present study is the first documented attempt using the tracer fibre technique to understand Dref-3 yarn structure with plied staple fibrous core.

Manufacturing Techniques and Functional Properties of the Bamboo Charcoal/Antibacterial/Stainless Steel Metal Composite Woven Fabric

2014 ◽  
Vol 910 ◽  
pp. 238-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Horng Lin ◽  
Zhi Cai Yu ◽  
Jian Fei Zhang ◽  
Ching Wen Lou
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Bamboo Charcoal ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Core Yarn ◽  
Composite Fabrics

In this research, the B/A/S composite yarns were fabricated using the stainless steel wires as core yarn, antibacterial nylon and bamboo charcoal polyester filaments as inner wrapped yarn and outer wrapped yarn, respectively. The composite yarns with a wrapping number of 8, 11, 14 turns/cm were fabricated on a hollow spindle spinning machine. Furthermore, the composite fabrics were woven with the B/A/S composite yarns as weft yarns and the PET as the warp yarns. These fabrics were evaluated in terms of far infrared (FIR) emissivity and the air permeability. The presence of the bamboo charcoal was found to increase the FIR emissivity. The highest of the FIR emissivity was obtained when the weft yarns with a wrapping number of 11 turns/cm. The lamination numbers of the woven fabrics varied from 1-5 layers. The far infrared emissivity and air permeability of the woven fabrics was 0.94 and 268 cm3/cm2/s when the lamination numbers was 2 layers and the wrapping number was 11 turns/cm.

Influence of repeated household fabric softener treatment on the comfort characteristics of cotton and polyester fabrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rathinamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Fabric Softener ◽  
Polyester Fabrics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rinse Cycle

Purpose The utilisation of softener after laundering of textile became one of the mandatory activities among the consumers. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to determine the influence of repeated rinse cycle softener treatment on the comfort characteristics of cotton and polyester woven fabric. Design/methodology/approach The selected cotton and polyester fabrics were treated using three different softeners types and three different numbers of rinsing times, namely 5, 10 and 15. The impact of repeated rinse cycle softener treatment on the comfort characteristics like absorbency, air permeability, wicking, thermal conductivity and flammability was analysed and the changes in the properties were confirmed using two-way ANOVA. Findings The number of rinse cycle softener treatment has a significant impact on the absorbency, air permeability and wicking ability of the cotton and polyester fabrics. The thermal conductivity and flammability characteristics of the fabrics mostly altered based on the type of fabric softener used. For all the type of fabric, the burning time reduced after the softener treatment. Social implications The consumer expects the softness and fragrance smell developed by the rinse cycle softener and they intend to use it more frequently after every laundry process to achieve that feel. This repeated the application of softener causes a negative impact on the fabric performances. This research result provides an evidence for the changes in physiological comfort aspects of textiles. Originality/value This analysis enlightens the negative impact of the repeated use of commercial fabric softener and their types on the common fabrics used in apparel endues.

Study on Effect Factors of Filtrating Properties of the Polypropylene and Basalt Filament Woven Filter Cloth

2011 ◽  
Vol 175-176 ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Jie Zhang ◽  
Zhi Li Zhong ◽  
Li Li Feng ◽  
Ji Guang Wang ◽  
Xiao Tong Xue
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Effect Factors ◽  
Filter Cloth ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Filtration Resistance

Polypropylene filament was used as the warp yarn, and respectively Basalt filament and Polypropylene filament was applied to the weft yarn, several samples were woven in different organizational structure. Then the effect factors of filtration were tested, and permeability, abrasion resistance and air permeability of these samples were measured, filtration resistance was evaluated indirectly through the Flow Tester. How the influence of the performances of raw material the filtrating properties of the samples were investigated, which based on the above experiment, as well as the other factors. The results show that permeability and air permeability had little change in the same process parameters, however, abrasion resistance of the samples by basalt filament significantly were superior to the performance of polypropylene filament.

Soziale Disziplinierung im flexiblen Kapitalismus

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (136) ◽  
pp. 339-356
Author(s):  
Tobias Wölfle ◽  
Oliver Schöller
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Capitalist Development ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Municipal Level

Under the term “Hilfe zur Arbeit” (aid for work) the federal law of social welfare subsumes all kinds of labour disciplining instruments. First, the paper shows the historical connection of welfare and labour disciplining mechanisms in the context of different periods within capitalist development. In a second step, against the background of historical experiences, we will analyse the trends of “Hilfe zur Arbeit” during the past two decades. It will be shown that by the rise of unemployment, the impact of labour disciplining aspects of “Hilfe zur Arbeit” has increased both on the federal and on the municipal level. For this reason the leverage of the liberal paradigm would take place even in the core of social rights.

AUR-O-MET 57

Alloy Digest ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Aluminum Bronze ◽  
Nickel Aluminum ◽  
High Nickel ◽  
Nickel Aluminum Bronze

Abstract AUR-O-MET 57 is a high nickel-aluminum bronze that was developed primarily for its abrasion resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-42. Producer or source: Aurora Metal Company.

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