scholarly journals Multi-SFC: Orquestração de SFCs Distribuídas sobre Múltiplas Nuvens em Múltiplos Domínios com Múltiplas Plataformas NFV

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Huff ◽  
Giovanni Venâncio ◽  
Elias P. Duarte Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Network ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Service Function ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Network Functions

A arquitetura NFV-MANO, amplamente adotada por soluções NFV (Network Function Virtualization) inclui o elemento NFVO (NFV Orchestrator) para apoiar a orquestração de SFC (Service Function Chaining). Este trabalho propõe uma estratégia para a orquestração de Multi-SFCs: SFCs distribuídas sobre múltiplas nuvens, possivelmente em múltiplos domínios, orquestradas por NFVOs de múltiplas plataformas NFV. Soluções existentes são monolíticas, pois se restringem a SFCs compostas por VNFs (Virtual Network Functions) de uma única nuvem/domínio/orquestrador. A estratégia proposta estabelece túneis através da instanciação de VNFs em pontos específicos da Multi-SFC, permitindo a instanciação e comunicação segura de recursos em múltiplos domínios. Diversas tarefas de gerenciamento, incluindo a configuração das infraestruturas NFV são transparentes para o operador. Resultados experimentais avaliam a solução, comparando a abordagem proposta em termos de desempenho e consumo de recursos.

scholarly journals Multiple instances mapping of Service Function Chain with parallel Virtual Network Functions

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 174830261986853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Zhang ◽  
Xiang Lin ◽  
Xiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Queuing Theory ◽  
Virtual Network ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Service Function ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Integer Programing ◽  
Service Function Chain ◽  
Network Functions ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Mapping Scheme

Network Function Virtualization addresses the defect of traditional middleboxes and enables operators to implement new services through a process named Service Function Chain mapping. Service Function Chain is composed by a sequence of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) which is deployed in shared platforms. Service Function Chain with parallel VNFs is proposed to reduce the delivery latency. In this paper, a multiple instances mapping scheme named MIM is proposed to resolve the performance bottleneck introduced by the imbalance of parallel VNFs. A integer programing model is established to describe the multiple instances mapping problem based on queuing theory, and a double layer Genetic Algorithm is used to allocate parallel VNFs with multiple instances. Simulation results show that the multiple instances mapping scheme can improve the performance of Service Function Chain with parallel VNFs effectively.

NFV Practical Implementation

2018 ◽  
pp. 175-194
Author(s):  
Lalit Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
Software Implementation ◽  
Virtual Network ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Network Functions

This chapter is focused on the traditional network architecture limitations with NFV benefits. Discussion of NFV architecture and framework as well as management and orchestration has been discussed in this chapter. Cisco VNF portfolio and virtual network functions implementation is included with software implementation of the architecture of NFV (network function virtualization). Management and orchestration functional layers as per ETSI standard. The challenges in NFV implementation is also a concern today, which is a part of this chapter.

scholarly journals Securing Virtual Network Function (VNF) in Telco Cloud

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharathkumar Ravichandran
Keyword(s):  
General Purpose ◽  
Virtual Network ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Communication Architecture ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
5G Network ◽  
Network Functions ◽  
Computing Platforms

In the fifth generation mobile communication architecture (5G), network functions which traditionally existed as discrete hardware entities based on custom architectures, are replaced with dynamic, scalable Virtual Network Functions (VNF) that run on general purpose (x86) cloud computing platforms, under the paradigm Network Function Virtualization (NFV). The shift towards a virtualized infrastructure poses its own set of security challenges that need to be addressed. One such challenge that we seek to address in this paper is providing integrity, authenticity and confidentiality protection for VNFs.

scholarly journals Network Function Virtualization in Content-Centric Networks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Castillo-Lema ◽  
Augusto José Venâncio Neto ◽  
Flavio de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Sergio Takeo Kofuji
Keyword(s):  
Ip Networks ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Virtual Network ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Network Function ◽  
The Past ◽  
Central Controller ◽  
Network Functions ◽  
Extensive Effort ◽  
Hardware Platforms

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) offers an alternative way to design, deploy, and manage networking functions and services by leveraging virtualization technologies to consolidate network functions into general-purpose hardware platforms. On the past years extensive effort has been made to evolve and mature NFV tecnologies over IP networks. However, little or no attempts at all have been made to incorporate NFV into Information-Centric Networks (ICN). This work explores the use and implementation of virtual Network Funtions (VNFS)in Content-Centric Networks (CCN), and proposes the use of the Named Function Networking (NFN) paradigm as means to implement network functions and services in this kind of networks, distributing the network functions and services through the networks nodes and providing flexibility to dynamically place functions in the network as required and without the need of a central controller.

scholarly journals Path Mapping Approach for Network Function Virtualization Resource Allocation with Network Function Decomposition Support

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basheer Raddwan ◽  
Khalil AL-Wagih ◽  
Ibrahim A. Al-Baltah ◽  
Mohamed A. Alrshah ◽  
Mohammed A. Al-Maqri
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Execution Time ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Virtual Network ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Function Decomposition ◽  
Mapping Approach ◽  
Network Functions ◽  
The Impact

Recently, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Networking (SDN) have attracted many mobile operators. For the flexible deployment of Network Functions (NFs) in an NFV environment, NF decompositions and control/user plane separation have been introduced in the literature. That is to map traditional functions into their corresponding Virtual Network Functions (VNFs). This mapping requires the NFV Resource Allocation (NFV-RA) for multi-path service graphs with a high number of virtual nodes and links, which is a complex NP-hard problem that inherited its complexity from the Virtual Network Embedding (VNE). This paper proposes a new path mapping approach to solving the NFV-RA problem for decomposed Network Service Chains (NSCs). The proposed solution has symmetrically considered optimizing an average embedding cost with an enhancement on average execution time. The proposed approach has been compared to two other existing schemes using 6 and 16 scenarios of short and long simulation runs, respectively. The impact of the number of nodes, links and paths of the service requests on the proposed scheme has been studied by solving more than 122,000 service requests. The proposed Integer Linear Programming (ILP) and heuristic schemes have reduced the execution time up to 39.58% and 6.42% compared to existing ILP and heuristic schemes, respectively. Moreover, the proposed schemes have also reduced the average embedding cost and increased the profit for the service providers.

scholarly journals A VNF modeling approach for verification purposes

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2627
Author(s):  
Guido Marchetto ◽  
Riccardo Sisto ◽  
Matteo Virgilio ◽  
Jaloliddin Yusupov
Keyword(s):  
Formal Verification ◽  
Virtual Network ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Specific Input ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
Verification Tools ◽  
Network Functions ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Java Library

<span lang="EN-US">Network Function Virtualization (NFV) architectures are emerging to increase networks flexibility. However, this renewed scenario poses new challenges, because virtualized networks, need to be carefully verified before being actually deployed in production environments in order to preserve network coherency (e.g., absence of forwarding loops, preservation of security on network traffic, etc.). Nowadays, model checking tools, SAT solvers, and Theorem Provers are available for formal verification of such properties in virtualized networks. Unfortunately, most of those verification tools accept input descriptions written in specification languages that are difficult to use for people not experienced in formal methods. Also, in order to enable the use of formal verification tools in real scenarios, vendors of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) should provide abstract mathematical models of their functions, coded in the specific input languages of the verification tools. This process is error-prone, time-consuming, and often outside the VNF developers’ expertise. This paper presents a framework that we designed for automatically extracting verification models starting from a Java-based representation of a given VNF. It comprises a Java library of classes to define VNFs in a more developer-friendly way, and a tool to translate VNF definitions into formal verification models of different verification tools.</span>

scholarly journals Service Function Chain Placement in Distributed Scenarios: a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guto Leoni Santos ◽  
Diego de Freitas Bezerra ◽  
Élisson da Silva Rocha ◽  
Leylane Ferreira ◽  
André Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Service Function ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Network Flexibility ◽  
Specific Order ◽  
Service Function Chain ◽  
Network Functions ◽  
Traffic Oscillations

Abstract The network function virtualization (NFV) paradigm is an emerging technology that provides network flexibility by allowing the allocation of network functions over commodity hardware, like legacy servers in an IT infrastructure. In comparison with traditional network functions, implemented by dedicated hardware, the use of NFV reduces the operating and capital expenses and improves service deployment. In some scenarios, a complete network service can be composed of several functions, following a specific order, known as a service function chain (SFC). SFC placement is a complex task, already proved to be NP-hard. Moreover, in highly distributed scenarios, the network performance can also be impacted by other factors, such as traffic oscillations and high delays. Therefore, a given SFC placement strategy must be carefully developed to meet the network operator service constraints. In this paper, we present a systematic review of SFC placement advances in distributed scenarios. Differently from the current literature, we examine works over the last 10 years which addressed this problem while focusing on distributed scenarios. We then discuss the main scenarios where SFC placement has been deployed, as well as the several techniques used to create the placement strategies. We also present the main goals considered to create SFC placement strategies and highlight the metrics used to evaluate them.

scholarly journals Διαχείριση δικτύων του internet του μέλλοντος

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Γιάννος Κρύφτης
Keyword(s):  
Access Control ◽  
Utility Function ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Virtual Network ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Software Defined Networks ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Information Models ◽  
Policy Based Management ◽  
Network Functions

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή ασχολείται με το πρόβλημα της ομοσπονδιοποίησης υποδομών που παρέχουν εικονικοποιημένους πόρους και υπηρεσίες στο πλαίσιο της διαχείρισης δικτύων Internet του μέλλοντος. Παρουσιάζεται η θεωρία και η τωρινή ερευνητική κατάσταση σχετικά με τα Πληροφοριακά Μοντέλα (Information Models), τις Εικονικοποιημένες Υποδομές (Virtualized Infrastructures) και τη διαχείριση δικτύων και συστημάτων με βάση πολιτικές (Policy-based Management). Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάζεται το προτεινόμενο Πληροφοριακό Μοντέλο για την επίτευξη της ομοσπονδιοποίησης, με έμφαση στην υλοποίηση της Οντολογίας Πολιτικών που περιγράφει τις διαδικασίες που εφαρμόζονται για τη διαχείριση ετερογενών υποδομών των επιμέρους διασυνδεμένων περιοχών. Συγκεκριμένα, παρουσιάζεται η προτεινόμενη αρχιτεκτονική Policy-based Federation (PBF) για τη διαχείριση Ομοσπονδίας Εικονικοποιημένων Υποδομών με τη χρήση συνεργατικών πολιτικών. Κάθε υποδομή είναι μια διαχειριστικά Αυτόνομη Περιοχή (domain). Οι χρήστες μπορούν να ζητούν εικονικά τμήματα από υπολογιστικούς και δικτυακούς πόρους διαμέσου της ομοσπονδίας, κάτι το οποίο ελέγχεται και εκτελείται με χρήση πολιτικών οι οποίες συμμορφώνονται με τις Συμφωνίες Επιπέδου Παροχής Υπηρεσιών (Service Level Agreements - SLAs) μεταξύ των διασυνδεμένων περιοχών. Το βασικό συστατικό της αρχιτεκτονικής PBF είναι η Υπηρεσία Πολιτικών η οποία προσφέρει υποστήριξη για πολιτικές intra-domain εντός μιας περιοχής (πολιτικές Υποχρέωσης - Obligation, Εξουσιοδότησης – Authorization, Προσβασιμότητας – Access Control) και inter-domain μεταξύ περιοχών (πολιτικές Αντιπροσώπευσης - Delegation). Οι τελευταίες δεσμεύουν πόρους σε απομακρυσμένες περιοχές, ανανεώνουν τον αριθμό των πόρων που ανταλλάσσονται, καθορίζουν τις δεσμεύσεις για παροχές πόρων σε απομακρυσμένες περιοχές και τέλος καθορίζουν τις εσωτερικές πληροφορίες που ανταλλάσσονται μεταξύ περιοχών μέσω εκτέλεσης απομακρυσμένων σημασιολογικών ερωτημάτων. Η Οντολογία Πολιτικών αποτελεί το κλειδί για την αρχιτεκτονική PBF αφού ορίζει τα κοινά σενάρια ομοσπονδοποίησης στο πλαίσιο των δεσμευμένων πόρων του χρήστη (user slice) καθώς και τις υπηρεσίες που εκτελούν διαχειριστικές ενέργειες. Η προτεινόμενη αρχιτεκτονική υλοποιήθηκε σε πρωτότυπη έκδοση με χρήση της γλώσσας προδιαγραφής πολιτικών Ponder2 και εφαρμόστηκε πιλοτικά σε Ευρωπαϊκή πλατφόρμα για το Internet του μέλλοντος στο Κοινοτικό Ερευνητικό έργο NOVI. Η προτεινόμενη αρχιτεκτονική εξειδικεύτηκε περαιτέρω για πολιτικές διαχείρισης πόρων σε Δίκτυα Οριζόμενα από Λογισμικό (Software Defined Networks - SDN). Για το σκοπό αυτό το Πληροφοριακό Μοντέλο επεκτάθηκε ώστε να παρέχει τη δυνατότητα περιγραφής πόρων τύπου OpenFlow μέσω ορισμών VNF (Virtual Network Functions). Οι πολιτικές αξιοποιήθηκαν στα τρία επίπεδα της τυποποίησης κατά ETSI της αρχιτεκτονικής NFV (Network Function Virtualization): Τη διαχείριση των δικτυακών λειτουργιών, τον έλεγχο του κύκλου ζωής των VNFs και την ενορχήστρωση των υπηρεσιών. Στη συνέχεια η προτεινόμενη αρχιτεκτονική γενικεύτηκε προς την ομοσπονδιοποίηση εικονικών υποδομών υπολογιστικού νέφους. Προτάθηκαν συγκεκριμένες πολιτικές Αντιπροσώπευσης καθώς και μια συνάρτηση χρησιμότητας (utility function) για τον καθορισμό των σχέσεων μεταξύ τους. Η επίδραση των πολιτικών και το σημαντικό όφελος από τη χρήση τους καταδείχθηκαν με την εκτέλεση σεναρίων προσομοίωσης.

scholarly journals Scalable Cost-Efficient Placement and Chaining of Virtual Network Functions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Luizelli ◽  
Luciana Buriol ◽  
Luciano Gaspary
Keyword(s):  
Cost Model ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Virtual Network ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Network Functions ◽  
Cost Efficient

While Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is increasingly gaining momentum, with promising benefits of flexible service function deployment and reduced operations and management costs, there are several challenges that remain to be properly tackled, so that it can realize its full potential. One of these challenges, which has a significant impact on the NFV production chain, is effectively and (cost) efficiently deploying service functions, while ensuring that service level agreements are satisfied and making wise allocations of network resources. Despite recent research activity in the field, little has been done towards scalable and cost-efficient placement & chaining of virtual network functions (VNFs) – a key feature for the effective success of NFV. In this thesis, we approach VNF placement and chaining as an optimization problem in the context of Interand Intra-datacenter. We formalize the Virtual Network Function Placement and Chaining (VNFPC) problem and propose a mathematical model to solve it. Our model has established one of the first baseline comparison in the field of resource management in NFV and has been widely used in the recent literature. We also address scalability of VNFPC problem to solve large instances by proposing a novel fix-and-optimize-based heuristic algorithm for tackling it. Further, we extensively measure the performance limitations of realistic NFV deployments. Based on that, we propose an analytical model that accurately predict incurred operational costs. Then, we develop an optimal Intra-datacenter service chain deployment mechanism based on our cost model. Finally, we tackle the problem of monitoring service chains in NFV-based environments efficiently.

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