Methods, Mounds, and Missions: New Contributions to Florida Archaeology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Mitchem
Keyword(s):  
Florida Archaeology ◽  
New Information ◽  
Existing Data

Offering innovative ways of looking at existing data, as well as compelling new information, about Florida’s past, this volume updates current archaeological interpretations and demonstrates the use of new and improved tools to answer larger questions.

scholarly journals Sleep, Memory & Brain Rhythms

Daedalus ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendon O. Watson ◽  
György Buzsáki
Keyword(s):  
Brain Function ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
Brain Rhythms ◽  
Homeostatic Mechanism ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Oscillatory Rhythm ◽  
Existing Data

Sleep occupies roughly one-third of our lives, yet the scientific community is still not entirely clear on its purpose or function. Existing data point most strongly to its role in memory and homeostasis: that sleep helps maintain basic brain functioning via a homeostatic mechanism that loosens connections between overworked synapses, and that sleep helps consolidate and re-form important memories. In this review, we will summarize these theories, but also focus on substantial new information regarding the relation of electrical brain rhythms to sleep. In particular, while REM sleep may contribute to the homeostatic weakening of overactive synapses, a prominent and transient oscillatory rhythm called “sharp-wave ripple” seems to allow for consolidation of behaviorally relevant memories across many structures of the brain. We propose that a theory of sleep involving the division of labor between two states of sleep–REM and non-REM, the latter of which has an abundance of ripple electrical activity–might allow for a fusion of the two main sleep theories. This theory then postulates that sleep performs a combination of consolidation and homeostasis that promotes optimal knowledge retention as well as optimal waking brain function.

scholarly journals GNSS Localization in Constraint Environment by Image Fusing Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2021
Author(s):  
Ciprian David ◽  
Corina Nafornita ◽  
Vasile Gui ◽  
Andrei Campeanu ◽  
Guillaume Carrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Protection Level ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Probability Map ◽  
New Information ◽  
Image Processing Algorithms ◽  
Processing Algorithms ◽  
Localization Approach ◽  
Existing Data ◽  
Non Line Of Sight

Satellite localization often suffers in terms of accuracy due to various reasons. One possible source of errors is represented by the lack of means to eliminate Non-Line-of-Sight satellite-related data. We propose here a method for fusing existing data with new information, extracted by using roof-mounted cameras and adequate image processing algorithms. The roof-mounted camera is used to robustly segment the sky regions. The localization approach can benefit from this new information as it offers a way of excluding the Non-Line-of-Sight satellites. The output of the camera module is a probability map. One can easily decide which satellites should not be used for localization, by manipulating this probability map. Our approach is validated by extensive tests, which demonstrate the improvement of the localization itself (Horizontal Positioning Error reduction) and a moderate degradation of Horizontal Protection Level due to the Dilution of Precision phenomenon, which appears as a consequence of the reduction of the satellites’ number used for localization.

Initial Assessment

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Macnab
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Restricted Area ◽  
Coastal State ◽  
New Information ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Existing Data

The previous chapters have outlined the various techniques for acquiring data on the continental shelf and adjacent areas. We now need to consider how to most effectively draw those various data sets together. This chapter describes a generic procedure for determining whether a coastal State is likely to be entitled to establish a continental shelf limit beyond 200 nautical miles (M), in order to circumscribe an area where it may exercise sovereign rights over natural resources of the seabed and subsoil. In most cases, this procedure will begin with the assembly and analysis of existing information, with the objectives of determining provisionally the outer limit of the continental shelf and of assessing the long-term economic potential of seabed resources beyond 200 M. If the analysis of available information is satisfactory in all respects and justifies such action, the coastal State may proceed directly to the preparation of a claim for submission to the UN Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf. If, on the other hand, the result of the investigation is inconclusive or otherwise unsatisfactory on account of inaccurate or incomplete information, the coastal State may opt to acquire new information that enhances existing data holdings, and to repeat some or all of the analyses. The above steps are illustrated in the generic flow diagram of figure 16.1, outlined in table 16.1, and discussed in some detail in the remainder of this chapter. The essence of article 76 is to define a procedure whereby a coastal State with a wide continental margin may claim jurisdiction over certain resources of the seabed beyond the 200-M limit. It follows that the location of the 200-M limit should be known with a reasonable degree of reliability. It is portrayed on the official charts of many nations. However, not all of these charts are constructed at scales or projections that readily lend themselves to the visualization and analysis of information such as sounding profiles and seabed morphology that may need to be examined in conjunction with the 200-M limit. From time to time, therefore, it may be necessary to portray the 200-M limit on a chart that is custom-built, or which covers a more restricted area.

Data Sources, Management, and Presentation

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy L. Holcolmbe ◽  
Carla J. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
New Information ◽  
Data Compilation ◽  
Successful Execution ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Existing Data

In the previous chapters, the various techniques for delimiting the continental shelf have been outlined. However many continental shelf claims will be developed largely on the basis of existing information. Therefore, a coastal state should begin its article 76 implementation by assembling and reviewing all available information that is relevant for determining the outer limit of the continental shelf, and for assessing the resource potential beyond 200 nautical miles (M). Data compilation activities tend to be labor-intensive, and the amount of time needed for their successful execution depends to a large extent upon the quantity and condition of the data sets, the skill and experience of the compilation staff, and the data-handling facilities at their disposal. However, it is reasonably safe to assume that almost any compilation of existing data will be less expensive than mobilizing and executing a field program for collecting new data, so it is usually more cost-effective to begin with a compilation. Even if the data compilation operation serves primarily to demonstrate the inadequacy of existing data, it will serve a useful purpose by identifying specifically where and what kind of new information is needed. To satisfy the requirements of article 76, and to provide a foundation for an understanding of the resources within the continental shelf, we are concerned primarily with data in the fields of hydrography, geodesy, geology, geophysics, and geochemistry and their subdisciplines. Such data are usually characterized by their spatial variations, in two or three dimensions, which are of a far greater magnitude than any temporal changes, as for example in the case of gravity anomaly data. However, the temporal variation of some geoscience parameters is becoming increasingly important as an indicator of environmental change. Because of the importance of their spatial changes with respect to the delineation of the continental shelf, the traditional form of presentation of geoscience data has been as maps. Whereas maps provide an excellent visualization of the data field, they may not be sufficient to carry out the analysis needed to satisfy article 76, and increasingly, digital data, profiles, and other data forms are becoming necessary.

CHROMOSOME NUMBERS OF SOME NORTH AMERICAN MIRIDS (HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE)

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Akingbohungbe
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Chromosomal Change ◽  
New Information ◽  
Existing Data

Data are presented on the chromosome numbers (2n) of some eighty species of Miridae. The new information is combined with existing data on some Palearctic and Ethiopian species and discussed. From it, it is suggested that continued reference to 2n = 32A + X + Y as basic mirid karyotype should be avoided and that contrary to earlier suggestions, agmatoploidy rather than polyploidy is a more probable mechanism of numerical chromosomal change.

scholarly journals Workshop 2: The Integrated Data Infrastructure - Enabling Cross-Agency Research and Evaluation

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Stark ◽  
Kyle Uerata ◽  
Brendan Mai
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Business Innovation ◽  
New Information ◽  
Exciting Opportunity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Existing Data

tatistics New Zealand has created an Integrated Data Infrastructure (IDI) to make a wide range of data more accessible to users. The IDI contains longitudinal microdata about individuals, households, and firms. By bringing together many data from a number of sources, the IDI allows for longitudinal analysis across education, employment, migration, welfare, and business, with potential for further datasets to be added and linked. The IDI will help us to meet user demands for more or new information and to respond more efficiently to changes in existing data sources. It also represents an exciting opportunity to reuse and add value to existing administrative data. The Enabling cross-agency research and evaluation workshop provided an overview of the IDI, including examples of research and evaluation currently being conducted, and a demonstration of the reach and versatility of the dataset. There were five separate presentations: Building and using the IDI – Guido Stark, Kyle Uerata, and Brendan Mai, Statistics NZ Swimming in the IDI – Che Tibby, Statistics NZ Determining the outcomes of tertiary education: The contribution of the IDI – Zaneta Park, Ministry of Education Migrant outcomes and the economic impact of immigration – Paul Merwood, Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment Using the integrated data – Sarah Crichton, Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment Building and using the IDI

The annelid phosphagen: with a note on phosphagen in Echinodermata and Protochordata

1950 ◽  
Vol 136 (885) ◽  
pp. 614-631 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Creatine Phosphate ◽  
Data Support ◽  
New Information ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Existing Data

A new, arginine phosphate-like phosphagen is present in annelid and gephyrean worms. A second phosphagen, possibly identical with creatine phosphate, has also been found in certain annelids but not so far in gephyreans. This second phosphagen sometimes co-exists with the first, but is found alone in some species. The distribution of these two phosphagens does not appear to be correlated with physiological activity or with environmental factors. Arginine could not be isolated from either of two annelids or one gephyrean species; a new base is, however, present in the guanidine fraction and has been isolated as the picrate. It has not yet been identified. The significance of these observations is discussed in relation to the taxonomic status of the Annelida and Gephyrea. It is indicated that there exists a close relationship between these groups. The new ‘annelid phosphagen' is, apparently, confined to the Annelida and Gephyrea, which are thus chemically distinguishable from the Arthropoda and Mollusca. Some new data are presented concerning the distribution of arginine and creatine phosphates in Echinodermata and Hemichordata, and the evidence concerning these two groups is reviewed with special reference to the echinoderm-hemichordate theory of vertebrate ancestry. It is concluded that existing data support this theory, and that the new information concerning the phosphagens of the annelids serves to emphasize the wide divergence that exists between the segmented invertebrates and the true Chordata.

The challenge of accounting for individual differences in folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin C. Ruisch ◽  
Rajen A. Anderson ◽  
David A. Pizarro
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Existing Data

AbstractWe argue that existing data on folk-economic beliefs (FEBs) present challenges to Boyer & Petersen's model. Specifically, the widespread individual variation in endorsement of FEBs casts doubt on the claim that humans are evolutionarily predisposed towards particular economic beliefs. Additionally, the authors' model cannot account for the systematic covariance between certain FEBs, such as those observed in distinct political ideologies.

Practical Realization of a Reference System for Earth Dynamics by Satellite Methods

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 341-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Anderle ◽  
M. C. Tanenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Polar Motion ◽  
Pole Position ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Crustal Motion ◽  
Average Reference ◽  
Future Data ◽  
Existing Data

AbstractObservations of artificial earth satellites provide a means of establishing an.origin, orientation, scale and control points for a coordinate system. Neither existing data nor future data are likely to provide significant information on the .001 angle between the axis of angular momentum and axis of rotation. Existing data have provided data to about .01 accuracy on the pole position and to possibly a meter on the origin of the system and for control points. The longitude origin is essentially arbitrary. While these accuracies permit acquisition of useful data on tides and polar motion through dynamio analyses, they are inadequate for determination of crustal motion or significant improvement in polar motion. The limitations arise from gravity, drag and radiation forces on the satellites as well as from instrument errors. Improvements in laser equipment and the launch of the dense LAGEOS satellite in an orbit high enough to suppress significant gravity and drag errors will permit determination of crustal motion and more accurate, higher frequency, polar motion. However, the reference frame for the results is likely to be an average reference frame defined by the observing stations, resulting in significant corrections to be determined for effects of changes in station configuration and data losses.

A New AID for Interpolating and Assessing Collision Strengths and Rate Coefficients

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
A. Burgess ◽  
H.E. Mason ◽  
J.A. Tully
Keyword(s):  
Significant Loss ◽  
Impact Excitation ◽  
Rate Coefficients ◽  
Electron Impact Excitation ◽  
Graphical Display ◽  
Practical Procedure ◽  
Positive Ions ◽  
Allowed Transition ◽  
Computational Errors ◽  
Existing Data

AbstractA new way of critically assessing and compacting data for electron impact excitation of positive ions is proposed. This method allows one (i) to detect possible printing and computational errors in the published tables, (ii) to interpolate and extrapolate the existing data as a function of energy or temperature, and (iii) to simplify considerably the storage and transfer of data without significant loss of information. Theoretical or experimental collision strengths Ω(E) are scaled and then plotted as functions of the colliding electron energy, the entire range of which is conveniently mapped onto the interval (0,1). For a given transition the scaled Ω can be accurately represented - usually to within a fraction of a percent - by a 5 point least squares spline. Further details are given in (2). Similar techniques enable thermally averaged collision strengths upsilon (T) to be obtained at arbitrary temperatures in the interval 0 < T < ∞. Application of the method is possible by means of an interactive program with graphical display (2). To illustrate this practical procedure we use the program to treat Ω for the optically allowed transition 2s → 2p in ArXVI.

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