PgiGenotype Influences Flight Metabolism at the Expanding Range Margin of the European Map Butterfly

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varpu Mitikka ◽  
Ilkka Hanski
Keyword(s):  
Range Margin ◽  
Flight Metabolism

Genetic diversity and differentiation of Siberian stone pine populations at the southern range margin in the West Siberia lowland area

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-459
Author(s):  
E. A. Petrova ◽  
S. N. Velisevich ◽  
M. M. Belokon ◽  
Yu. S. Belokon ◽  
D. V. Politov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Stone Pine ◽  
The West ◽  
Siberian Stone Pine ◽  
Range Margin ◽  
Siberian Stone ◽  
Lowland Area

Population turnover, habitat use and microclimate at the contracting range margin of a butterfly

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Wilson ◽  
Jonathan Bennie ◽  
Callum R. Lawson ◽  
David Pearson ◽  
Gorka Ortúzar-Ugarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Range Margin ◽  
Population Turnover

scholarly journals Flux control and excess capacity in the enzymes of glycolysis and their relationship to flight metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster

2006 ◽  
Vol 103 (51) ◽  
pp. 19413-19418 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Eanes ◽  
T. J. S. Merritt ◽  
J. M. Flowers ◽  
S. Kumagai ◽  
E. Sezgin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Excess Capacity ◽  
Flux Control ◽  
Flight Metabolism

scholarly journals GENETIC VARIABILITY OF FLIGHT METABOLISM IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER. I. CHARACTERIZATION OF POWER OUTPUT DURING TETHERED FLIGHT

Genetics ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-564
Author(s):  
James W Curtsinger ◽  
Cathy C Laurie-Ahlberg
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Wing Beat ◽  
Tethered Flight ◽  
Flight Metabolism ◽  
Flight Parameters ◽  
Wing Stroke ◽  
Stroke Amplitude

ABSTRACT The mechanical power imparted to the wings during tethered flight of Drosophila melanogaster is estimated from wing-beat frequency, wing-stroke amplitude and various aspects of wing morphology by applying the steady-state aerodynamics model of insect flight developed by Weis-Fogh (1972, 1973). Wing-beat frequency, the major determinant of power output, is highly correlated with the rate of oxygen consumption. Estimates of power generated during flight should closely reflect rates of ATP production in the flight muscles, since flies do not acquire an oxygen debt or accumulate ATP during flight. In an experiment using 21 chromosome 2 substitution lines, lines were a significant source of variation for all flight parameters measured. Broadsense heritabilities ranged from 0.16 for wing-stroke amplitude to 0.44 for inertial power. The variation among lines is not explained by variation in total body size (i.e., live weight). Line differences in flight parameters are robust with respect to age, ambient temperature and duration of flight. These results indicate that characterization of the power output during tethered flight will provide a sensitive experimental system for detecting the physiological effects of variation in the structure or quantity of the enzymes involved in flight metabolism.

scholarly journals Southern introgression increases adaptive immune gene variability in northern range margin populations of Fire-bellied toad

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binia De Cahsan ◽  
Katrin Kiemel ◽  
Michael Westbury ◽  
Maike Lauritsen ◽  
Marijke Autenrieth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Mitochondrial Control Region ◽  
The Body ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Range Margin ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
The Impact

Northern range margin populations of the European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina) have rapidly declined during recent decades. Extensive agricultural land use has fragmented the landscape, leading to habitat disruption and loss, as well as eutrophication of ponds. In Northern Germany (Schleswig-Holstein) and Southern Sweden, this decline resulted in decreased gene flow from surrounding populations, low genetic diversity, and a putative reduction in adaptive potential, leaving populations vulnerable to future environmental and climatic changes. Previous studies using mitochondrial control region and nuclear transcriptome-wide SNP data detected introgressive hybridization in multiple northern B. bombina populations after presumed illegal release of toads from Austria. Here, we determine the impact of this introgression by comparing the body conditions (as a proxy for fitness) of introgressed and non-introgressed populations, and the genetic consequences in two candidate genes for putative local adaptation (the MHC II gene as part of the adaptive immune system and the stress response gene HSP70 kDa). We detected regional differences in body condition. We observed significantly elevated levels of within individual MHC allele counts in introgressed Swedish populations, associated with a tendency towards higher body weight, relative to regional non-introgressed populations. These differences were not observed among introgressed and non-introgressed German populations. Genetic diversity in both MHC and HSP was generally lower in northern than southern populations. Our study sheds light on the potential benefits of translocations of more distantly related conspecifics as a means to increase adaptive genetic variability and fitness of struggling range margin populations without distortion of local adaptation.

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