scholarly journals Evaluation of Landsat TM5 Multispectral Data for Automated Mapping of Surface Soil Texture and Organic Matter in GIS

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 557-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaheer Ahmed ◽  
Javed Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Automated Mapping ◽  
Multispectral Data

scholarly journals The Soil Organic Matter in Connection with Soil Properties and Soil Inputs

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 779
Author(s):  
Václav Voltr ◽  
Ladislav Menšík ◽  
Lukáš Hlisnikovský ◽  
Martin Hruška ◽  
Eduard Pokorný ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Linear Regression Models

The content of organic matter in the soil, its labile (hot water extractable carbon–HWEC) and stable (soil organic carbon–SOC) form is a fundamental factor affecting soil productivity and health. The current research in soil organic matter (SOM) is focused on individual fragmented approaches and comprehensive evaluation of HWEC and SOC changes. The present state of the soil together with soil’s management practices are usually monitoring today but there has not been any common model for both that has been published. Our approach should help to assess the changes in HWEC and SOC content depending on the physico-chemical properties and soil´s management practices (e.g., digestate application, livestock and mineral fertilisers, post-harvest residues, etc.). The one- and multidimensional linear regressions were used. Data were obtained from the various soil´s climatic conditions (68 localities) of the Czech Republic. The Czech farms in operating conditions were observed during the period 2008–2018. The obtained results of ll monitored experimental sites showed increasing in the SOC content, while the HWEC content has decreased. Furthermore, a decline in pH and soil´s saturation was documented by regression modelling. Mainly digestate application was responsible for this negative consequence across all soils in studied climatic regions. The multivariate linear regression models (MLR) also showed that HWEC content is significantly affected by natural soil fertility (soil type), phosphorus content (−30%), digestate application (+29%), saturation of the soil sorption complex (SEBCT, 21%) and the dose of total nitrogen (N) applied into the soil (−20%). Here we report that the labile forms (HWEC) are affected by the application of digestate (15%), the soil saturation (37%), the application of mineral potassium (−7%), soil pH (−14%) and the overall condition of the soil (−27%). The stable components (SOM) are affected by the content of HWEC (17%), soil texture 0.01–0.001mm (10%), and input of organic matter and nutrients from animal production (10%). Results also showed that the mineral fertilization has a negative effect (−14%), together with the soil depth (−11%), and the soil texture 0.25–2 mm (−21%) on SOM. Using modern statistical procedures (MRLs) it was confirmed that SOM plays an important role in maintaining resp. improving soil physical, biochemical and biological properties, which is particularly important to ensure the productivity of agroecosystems (soil quality and health) and to future food security.

Soil texture affects the coupling of litter decomposition and soil organic matter formation

2021 ◽  
pp. 108302
Author(s):  
Gerrit Angst ◽  
Jan Pokorný ◽  
Carsten W. Mueller ◽  
Isabel Prater ◽  
Sebastian Preusser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Formation

Soil stripping and replacement for the rehabilitation of bauxite-mined land at Weipa. I. Initial changes to soil organic matter and related parameters

Soil Research ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 345 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Schwenke ◽  
D. R. Mulligan ◽  
L. C. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Double Pass ◽  
Organic C ◽  
The Difference

At Weipa, in Queensland, Australia, sown tree and shrub species sometimes fail to establish on bauxite-mined land, possibly because surface-soil organic matter declines during soil stripping and replacement. We devised 2 field experiments to investigate the links between soil rehabilitation operations, organic matter decline, and revegetation failure. Experiment 1 compared two routinely practiced operations, dual-strip (DS) and stockpile soil, with double-pass (DP), an alternative method, and subsoil only, an occasional result of the DS operation. Other treatments included variations in stripping-time, ripping-time, fertiliser rate, and cultivation. Dilution of topsoil with subsoil, low-grade bauxite, and ironstone accounted for the 46% decline of surface-soil (0–10 cm) organic C in DS compared with pre-strip soil. In contrast, organic C in the surface-soil (0–10 cm) of DP plots (25.0 t/ha) closely resembled the pre-strip area (28.6 t/ha). However, profile (0–60 cm) organic C did not differ between DS (91.5 t/ha), DP (107 t/ha), and pre-strip soil (89.9 t/ha). Eighteen months after plots were sown with native vegetation, surface-soil (0–10 cm) organic C had declined by an average of 9% across all plots. In Experiment 2, we measured the potential for post-rehabilitation decline of organic matter in hand-stripped and replaced soil columns that simulated the DS operation. Soils were incubated in situ without organic inputs. After 1 year’s incubation, organic C had declined by up to 26% and microbial biomass C by up to 61%. The difference in organic C decline between vegetated replaced soils (Expt 1) and bare replaced soils (Expt 2) showed that organic inputs affect levels of organic matter more than soil disturbance. Where topsoil was replaced at the top of the profile (DP) and not ploughed, inputs from volunteer native grasses balanced oxidation losses and organic C levels did not decline.

A generally applicable pedotransfer function that estimates field capacity and permanent wilting point from soil texture and bulk density

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 761-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. P. Pollacco
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pedotransfer Functions ◽  
Pedotransfer Function ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fitting Parameters

Hydrological models require the determination of fitting parameters that are tedious and time consuming to acquire. A rapid alternative method of estimating the fitting parameters is to use pedotransfer functions. This paper proposes a reliable method to estimate soil moisture at -33 and -1500 kPa from soil texture and bulk density. This method reduces the saturated moisture content by multiplying it with two non-linear functions depending on sand and clay contents. The novel pedotransfer function has no restrictions on the range of the texture predictors and gives reasonable predictions for soils with bulk density that varies from 0.25 to 2.16 g cm-3. These pedotransfer functions require only five parameters for each pressure head. It is generally accepted that the introduction of organic matter as a predictor improves the outcomes; however it was found by using a porosity based pedotransfer model, using organic matter as a predictor only modestly improves the accuracy. The model was developed employing 18 559 samples from the IGBP-DIS soil data set for pedotransfer function development (Data and Information System of the International Geosphere Biosphere Programme) database that embodies all major soils across the United States of America. The function is reliable and performs well for a wide range of soils occurring in very dry to very wet climates. Climatical grouping of the IGBP-DIS soils was proposed (aquic, tropical, cryic, aridic), but the results show that only tropical soils require specific grouping. Among many other different non-climatical soil groups tested, only humic and vitric soils were found to require specific grouping. The reliability of the pedotransfer function was further demonstrated with an independent database from Northern Italy having heterogeneous soils, and was found to be comparable or better than the accuracy of other pedotransfer functions found in the literature. Key words: Pedotransfer functions, soil moisture, soil texture, bulk density, organic matter, grouping

scholarly journals Effect of Botanical Pesticides on Soil Fertility of Coffee-Orchards

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhanu B. Panthi ◽  
Bhupendra Devkota ◽  
Jyoti U. Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Botanical Pesticides ◽  
Agriculture And Environment ◽  
Commercial Crop

Coffee (Coffea arabica; Rubiaceae) is a potential and emerging commercial crop. Coffee is planted in the midhills of Nepal (800 to 1250 meter above mean sea level) in Gulmi and Lalitpur districts. To control the major insect pests of coffee plant, locally prepared ‘jaibik bishadi’ (botanical pesticides) are used as alternatives of the synthetic insecticides. This study was undertaken to see the contribution of ‘jaibik bishadi’ in the fertility of the coffee orchards soil, for which soil samples from botanicals used and not used coffee orchards were collected to see the level of soil characteristics and soil nutrients such as soil texture, organic matter, soil nutrients (phosphorous and potassium). There was some difference in the soil texture of topsoil, but no difference could be seen in sand, silt and clay content of the subsoils from botanical used and not used orchards. The pH was significantly different between botanical used and not used soils, but such difference could not be observed between the topsoil and subsoil from the same sites. Jaibik bishadi used to control the coffee pests significantly contributed in the soil fertility, which could be seen in high positive correlation (r=0.9886) between organic matter and nitrogen in the soil.Keywords: Coffee, jaibik bishadi, topsoil, subsoil, soil fertilityThe Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:9, Jun.2008 page: 16-22

scholarly journals COMPORTAMENTO ESPACIAL DA FUSARIOSE E DOS ATRIBUTOS DO SOLO NO CULTIVO DA PIMENTA-DO-REINO

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Carla Da Penha Simon ◽  
Ana Carolina Lyra Brumat ◽  
Marcelo Barreto Da Silva ◽  
Bernardo Torres Olmo ◽  
Edney Leandro da Vitória ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Irregular Sampling ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Soil Attributes ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Chemical Attributes

A pimenta-do-reino é a especiaria mais consumida no mundo e o Brasil destaca-se como um dos maiores produtores. Um dos grandes limitantes no seu cultivo é a fusariose (Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis). Objetivou-se com a realização deste estudo caracterizar a variabilidade espacial da fusariose em pimenta-do-reino, verificando a existência de relação com os atributos físicos e químicos do solo. O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma lavoura localizada no município de São Mateus-ES, na qual foi estabelecida uma malha amostral irregular com 79 pontos, abrangendo uma área de um hectare.  Para a amostragem da fusariose foi realizado um levantamento, onde uma planta por ponto da malha amostral foi classificada em sadia, doente ou morta.  Os atributos do solo amostrados foram: pH em H2O, matéria orgânica, cálcio, magnésio, potássio e textura do solo. Os dados foram analisados através da estatística descritiva e ferramentas da geoestatística. Os semivariogramas ajustados apresentaram uma forte dependência espacial para as variáveis intensidade da fusariose, altimetria, matéria orgânica, textura do solo, pH, cálcio, magnésio potássio (89, 94, 92, 94, 93, 91, 100 e 85 % respectivamente). Os mapas gerados indicam que não há relação da intensidade da fusariose com os atributos do solo estudados no experimento.Palavra-chave: epidemiologia, Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis, geoestatística, Piper nigrum L. SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF FUSARIOSE AND SOIL ATTRIBUTES IN THE BLACK PEPPER CULTIVATION  ABSTRACT:Black pepper is the most consumed spice in the world, Brazil stands out as one of the largest producers. One of the major constraints in cultivation is fusariosis (Fusarium solani f. Piperis). The objective of this study was characterize the spatial variability of fusariosis in black pepper and verify the relationship of chemical attributes of the soil. The study was developed in a tillage located in the municipality of São Mateus - ES, which exist an irregular sampling network was established with 79 points, covering an area of one hectare. For the sampling of fusariosis intensity, the survey was performed, where one plant per point of the sample mesh was classified as healthy, symptomatic or dead. The attributes of the soil sampled were: pH in H2O, organic matter, nutrient content (calcium, magnesium, potassium) and soil texture. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and geostatistics tools. The adjusted semivariograms indicated a strong spatial dependence for the variables intensity of fusariosis, altimetry, organic matter, soil texture, pH, calcium, potassium magnesium (89, 94, 92, 94, 93, 91, 100 and 85%, respectively). The generated maps indicate that there is no relation between the incidence of fusariosis and the soil attributes studied in the experiment.Keywords: epidemiology, Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis, geostatistics, Piper nigrum L. DOI:

A synecological account of the Suikerbosrand Nature Reserve. II. The phytosociology of the Ventersdorp Geological System

Bothalia ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 13 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 199-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Bredenkamp ◽  
G. K. Theron
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
Species Groups

The vegetation of the Ventersdorp Geological System of the Suikerbosrand Nature Reserve is analysed and classified according to the Braun-Blanquet method. Descriptions of the plant communities include description of habitat features, the identification of differentiating species groups as well as the listing of prominent and less conspicuous species for the tree, shrub and herbaceous layers. The habitat features that are associated with differences in vegetation include altitude, aspect, slope, rockiness of soil surface, soil depth and soil texture.

Warming alters surface soil organic matter composition despite unchanged carbon stocks in a Tibetan permafrost ecosystem

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 911-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Li ◽  
Yunfeng Peng ◽  
Leiyi Chen ◽  
Guibiao Yang ◽  
Benjamin W. Abbott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Organic Matter Composition ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Composition

scholarly journals Full Season Control of Japanese Beetle Grub Control with Merit, NH, 1994

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 352-352
Author(s):  
Stanley R. Swier
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Japanese Beetle

Abstract The trial was conducted 10 May on a golf course rough, Amherst, NH. Plots were 10 X 10 ft, replicated 4 times, in a RCB design. Merit WP was applied in 4 gal water/1000 ft2 with a watering, can. Merit G granules were applied with a homemade salt shaker. Treatments were irrigated with 0.5 inch water after application. Plots were rated 30 Sep by counting the number of live grubs per 1 ft2. Conditions at the time of treatment were: air temperature 70°F; wind, 3 MPH; sky, clear; soil temperature, 1 inch, 60°F; thatch depth, 0.5 inch soil pH, 5.4; slope 0%; soil texture, silt loam, 47% sand, 50% silt, 3% clay; soil organic matter, 6.9%; soil moisture, 21.8%.

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