scholarly journals Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions Enhance Growth Performance of Heat Stressed Beef Cattle by Relieving Heat Stress Responses and Increasing Apparent Nutrient Digestibility

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1513-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaozhen Song ◽  
Junrong Luo ◽  
Daibo Fu ◽  
Xianghui Zhao ◽  
Kornmatitsuk Bunlue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility

scholarly journals Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions Decrease Diarrhea Rate by Relieving Colonic Inflammation and Ameliorating Caecum Microbiota in Piglets

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jian Chen ◽  
Yaqing Mao ◽  
Chenghong Xing ◽  
Ruiming Hu ◽  
Zheng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Colonic Inflammation ◽  
G Ratio

Diarrhea is a leading cause of death in piglets. XiaoJianZhong (XJZ) and Jingsananli-sepsis (JSS) were two traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions to prevent and treat intestinal diseases, including diarrhea and inflammatory disease. Here, we investigated the effects of XJZ and JSS on diarrhea rate, growth performance, colonic inflammation, and caecum microbiota in piglets. A total of 18 piglets were selected and randomly divided into three groups. Control group was supplied with basal diets, while TCM1 and TCM2 groups were, respectively, supplied with XJZ and JSS in basal diets. Decreased diarrhea rate, colonic or caecal pH, and elevated apparent nutrient digestibility were observed in both TCM groups. Meanwhile, both prescriptions alleviated colonic inflammation by decreasing mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines and suppressing the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, TCM1 and TCM2 prescriptions ameliorated caecum microbiota composition and increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria, together with regulations on several genes that are responsible for signaling pathways involved in cancers and metabolic diseases. Importantly, both TCM1 and TCM2 significantly promoted the average daily gain (ADG) and reduced the feed : gain (F : G) ratio. In conclusion, both TCM prescriptions effectively decreased diarrhea rate and increased growth performance by elevating apparent nutrient digestibility and gut health, via relieving colonic inflammation and ameliorating gut microbiota composition of piglets.

scholarly journals Effects of inoculation of corn silage with Lactobacillus spp. or Saccharomyces cerevisiae alone or in combination on silage fermentation characteristics, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance of growing beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 4974-4986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayakrishnan Nair ◽  
Shanwei Xu ◽  
Brenda Smiley ◽  
Hee-Eun Yang ◽  
Tim A McAllister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Silage Fermentation ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Silage Inoculant ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of a novel silage inoculant containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 3 as a direct fed microbial (DFM) on the ensiling, aerobic stability, and nutrient digestibility of whole-crop corn silage and growth performance of beef cattle. Treatments included uninoculated corn silage (CON) or corn silage inoculated with a mixture of 1.1 × 105 cfu g−1 fresh forage Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus buchneri (INOC1) or 1.0 × 104 cfu g−1 fresh forage S. cerevisiae strain 3 (INOC2) or a mixture of INOC1 and INOC2 (INOC3). Silage in INOC1 had lower (P = 0.03) proportion of lactate, with acetate (Ac) proportion ranking as INOC1 > INOC3 > INOC2 (P < 0.01). In terminal silage, numbers of lactic acid bacteria were greater (P = 0.05) for INOC1 than CON and INOC2, while yeast counts tended (P = 0.08) to be greater for INOC2 than INOC3 on day 3 of aerobic exposure. Aerobic stability of corn silage was not impacted by inoculation with S. cerevisiae strain 3. Heifers fed INOC2 and INOC3 had lower (P < 0.01) ruminal Ac concentration than those fed CON. Apparent total tract digestibilities of DM, OM, ADF, and NDF were greater (P ≤ 0.03) for heifers fed INOC2 than those fed CON. Growth performance was similar across treatments, excepting DMI as percent of BW tended to be lower (P = 0.08) for INOC2 steers compared to CON steers. These results suggest that S. cerevisiae strain 3 has potential as a component in a fourth generation DFM silage inoculant.

scholarly journals PSXI-13 Effect of Lactobacillus spp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae alone or in combination, on ruminal fermentation, total tract nutrient digestibility and performance of growing beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 406-406
Author(s):  
Jayakrishnan Nair ◽  
Yuxi Wang ◽  
Shanwei Xu ◽  
Brenda Smiley ◽  
Hee Eun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

Abstract The study evaluated the effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae alone or in combination with Lactobacillus spp. delivered through silages as a direct fed microbial (DFM) on the nutrient digestibility and performance of growing beef cattle. Chopped and kernel processed corn silage was treated with either distilled water (CON), or with (cfu g1 fresh forage) 1.1 × 105 of a Lactobacillius plantarum and Lactobacillus buchneri (LAB) mixture (INOC1), 1.0 × 104 S. cerevisiae strain 3 (INOC2), or 1.1 × 105 LAB + 1.0 × 104 S. cerevisiae strain 3 (INOC3) and ensiled in AgBags®. Eight ruminally cannulated beef heifers in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square and 60 crossbred individually fed beef steers in a randomized complete block design were used for the metabolism and feedlot growth performance experiments, respectively. The treatments were four total mixed rations composed of 65.0% of one of the four corn silages, 17.0% barley grain, 13.0% canola meal and 5.0% vitamin-mineral supplement (dry matter (DM) basis) for both experiments. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. The molar percentage of ruminal acetate in heifers fed INOC2 and INOC3 were lower (P < 0.01) than those fed CON. The DM (P = 0.03), organic matter (P = 0.02), acid (P = 0.03) and neutral detergent fiber (P = 0.03) digestibility of heifers fed INOC2 were higher than those fed CON. The DM intake as a % of body weight tended (P = 0.08) to be lower for steers fed INOC2, while the average daily gain was similar to those fed CON. There is potential for delivering S. cerevisiae through silage as DFM for improving ruminal fermentation, total tract nutrient digestibility and the growth performance of beef cattle.

The effect of stocking density and social regrouping stressors on growth performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility and physiological stress responses in pigs

2004 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. G. Leek ◽  
B. T. Sweeney ◽  
P. Duffy ◽  
V. E. Beattie ◽  
J. V. O’Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio

AbstractA 2 ✕ 2 factorial arrangement of treatments used 280 growing pigs and 240 finishing pigs to examine the main effects and interactions between two levels of stocking density (0·75 m2 v. 0·45 m2 per growing pig and 0·88 m2 v. 0·53 m2 per finishing pig) and grouping (static groups v. regrouped) on pig growth performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility and measurements of physiological indicators of stress responses. Regrouping was achieved by moving four unfamiliar pigs between replicate groups every 14 days. Average daily gain (ADG) and average daily food intake (ADFI) were reduced by an additive interaction between high density and regrouping in growing pigs (P < 0·01). In finishing pigs, regrouping reduced ADG (P 0·05) and carcass weight (P 0·05). Regrouping reduced apparent dry matter and gross energy digestibility in finishing pigs (P 0·05). Rectal temperature increased 3 h after mixing finishing pigs (P 0·05), but not growing pigs. In growing pigs, the neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio tended to increase (P 0·1) after regrouping, although plasma cortisol concentration was unaffected. In finishing pigs, the response to a Newcastle disease virus antigen challenge tended to decrease at high stocking density (P 0·1), although total IgG concentration was unaffected. In conclusion, the growth performance of growing and finishing pigs was affected by social stressors. However, effects on the physiological measurements did not concur with effects on growth performance.

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