scholarly journals The Effects of Genetic Groups, Nutrition, Finishing Systems and Gender of Brazilian Cattle on Carcass Characteristics and Beef Composition and Appearance: A Review

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1718-1734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polyana Pizzi Rotta ◽  
Rodolpho Martin do Prado ◽  
Ivanor Nunes do Prado ◽  
Maribel Velandia Valero ◽  
Jesuí Vergílio Visentaine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Carcass characteristics, chemical composition and fatty acid profile of longissimus muscle of young bulls from four genetic groups finished in feedlot

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Haruyoshi Ito ◽  
Ivanor Nunes do Prado ◽  
Polyana Pizzi Rotta ◽  
Marival Gustavo de Oliveira ◽  
Rodolpho Martin do Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Genetic Groups

scholarly journals Effects of slaughter age and gender on carcass characteristics of Turkish indigeneous Hair goat kids reared under an extensive production system

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. O. Toplu ◽  
E. O. Goksoy ◽  
A. Nazligul
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Mesenteric Fat ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
And Gender

Abstract. This study was conducted to investigate effects of slaughter age and gender on carcass characteristics of indigenous Hair goat kids reared under an extensive production system. A total of 60 Hair goat kids (30 females and 30 males) slaughtered at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age was used as the material of this study. In the study, the cold carcass weights of kids at 3–12 months of age were between 6.15 and 10.83 kg. The cold dressing percentage was determined as 47.04–52.65 %. The effect of slaughter age on these traits was statistically significant (P<0.001). The cold carcass weight and the cold dressing percentage increased with the slaughter age. The effect of kid gender on the cold carcass weight was statistically significant (P<0.001). The mean value of this trait in males was higher than the females. The percentages of omental-mesenteric fat (P<0.001) and kidney-knob and channel fat (P<0.01) significantly increased with slaughter age. Subcutan, intermuscular, total fat and muscle/ bone percentages of the left half carcass significantly increased with slaughter age (P<0.01). However, bone (P<0.05) and muscle/total fat (P<0.01) percentages significantly decreased with slaughter age. The female kids had significantly higher values than males in terms of omental-mesenteric fat, kidney-knob and channel fat, subcutaneous, intermuscular and total carcass fat percentages (P<0.001). In conclusion, it is recommended that Hair goat kids should be slaughtered at 9 months of age under extensive management system to result in more edible meat production.

Management of young goats during prolonged fasting affects carcass characteristics but not pre-slaughter liveweight or cortisol

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Greenwood ◽  
J. A. Finn ◽  
T. J. May ◽  
P. J. Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Prolonged Fasting ◽  
Fasting Period ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Further Development

Effects of pre-slaughter management (72 h continual fasting; 24 h feeding within 72 h fasting; 24 h feeding plus 6 h additional transport within 72 h fasting) and of water availability, gender, weaning 3 weeks before slaughter, initial liveweight (LW) and body condition score (CS) on LW, plasma cortisol and carcass characteristics were studied in young goats. The goats (n = 229) were ~16 weeks of age, with a mean ± s.d. LW of 13.7 ± 2.4 kg. Pre-slaughter treatment did not significantly affect LW or carcass weight at slaughter, but goats fed within the fasting period had lighter-coloured meat compared with the continually fasted goats and the goats fed and transported during the fasting period. Interactions between fasting treatment and gender were evident for hot carcass weight (HCW), retail yield (kg) and dress (% pre-fasting LW). Fasting treatment also interacted with water availability for HCW and with weaning status for GR (12th rib, 110 mm from mid-line) tissue depth. Interactions were evident between gender and water availability for LW at slaughter, and between gender and weaning status for retail yield (% HCW). Weaning status interacted with pre-fasting LW to influence LW at slaughter, and fasting treatment interacted with pre-fasting body CS to influence dress (% pre-slaughter LW). The effects of gender, weaning status, water availability, initial LW and CS on the pre-slaughter LW and carcass characteristics were generally consistent with our previous findings on time off feed. The results show benefits of providing high-quality feed and water and of minimising transport of goat kids during prolonged pre-slaughter fasting. They provide additional information for estimation of carcass characteristics of young goats to be marketed for meat and to aid in the further development of welfare standards for goats. Further research on interactions between gender and pre-slaughter management factors that influence goat carcass characteristics and meat quality is warranted.

scholarly journals Selection Criteria for Meat Production Based on the Morphometry of Morada Nova Lambs: A Systematic Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genilson Cesar Alves ◽  
Wilder Hernando Ortiz Vega ◽  
Robson Silveira ◽  
Hélio Henrique Araújo Costa ◽  
Aline Vieira Landim
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Sheep Meat ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Data ◽  
Morphometric Index ◽  
Sheep Production

Abstract The objective of this study was to characterize the meat production potential of Morada Nova lambs from different genetic groups using morphological and zoometric data, performance and carcass characteristics. A total of 24 non-castrated male lambs from two genetic groups were used: Morada Nova red (MNR) and Morada Nova F1 red x Morada Nova white (MNF1) breed, with an initial mean body weight of 16.9 ± 3.43 kg and an average age of four months were distributed in a completely randomized design. Evaluations of morphometric data and zoom indices, performance and carcass characteristics were measured and calculated. Univariate and multivariate techniques were used to differentiate and reduce the number of variables, to group them and then develop and validate a sheep meat production index. Only 12 differences in the 29 morphometric measurements and zoometric indices analyzed were observed (P < 0.05). Furthermore, only 7 of the 28 quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the carcass were greater (P < 0.05) in MNF1 lambs. The yields of commercial cuts and the physical-chemical characteristics and qualitative measurements of the carcass were similar (P > 0.05) between the genetic groups. All groups of variables, except the cut yield, have discriminatory power (P < 0.05) with the highest classification percentages for body morphometry (91.3%) and zoometric indices (95.7%). The four identified factors, which together explain more than 85.0% of the total data variation, were renamed in the following order of importance: morpho-economic (38.5%), morpho-productive (18.8%), morpho-commercial (17.5%), and equilibrium (11.0%). The heat map showed the suitability in the morpho-commercial and morpho-economic factors for MNF1 lambs, while the MNR lambs showed emphasis for the equilibrium factor. Thus, the Sheep Meat Morphometric Index (SMMI) resulted in the following equation SMMI =\(\frac{\text{A}\text{I} \times 0.771 + \text{C}\text{H} \times 0.759 + \text{R}\text{H} \times 0.878 + \text{T}\text{P}\text{R}\text{I} \times 0.876 + \text{B}\text{I} \times 0.550 + \text{C}\text{W} \times 0.905}{100}\) In which: AI is the anamorphosis index; CH is chest height; RH is rump height; TPRI is the thoracic perimeter relation index; BI is body index; and CW is chest width. The application and validation of the developed index showed superiority (P < 0.001) for meat production in the crossed lambs. MNR and MNF1 lambs have high thoracic development, compact character and aptitude for meat production. Lambs crossed between genetic groups of the MN breed are another sustainable option for sheep production in drylands. It is recommended that the SMMI be used as a tool for morpho-productive selection criteria in breeding programs in the MN breed, as well as other small native breeds.

scholarly journals Growth performance and carcass characteristics of Nelore Angus and Nelore Angus Guzera crossbreed cows fed with supplemented pasture during the yearling and feedlot stages

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2701
Author(s):  
Eduardo Eustáquio Mesquita ◽  
Deise Dalazen Castagnara ◽  
Newton Tavares Escocard de Oliveira ◽  
Alan Cardias Figueiredo ◽  
Aparecida da Costa Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽  
Energy Supplementation

<p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance of two crossbreed genetic groups, ½ Nelore ½ Angus and ¼ Nelore ¼ Angus ½ Guzera, which originate from the rotational crosses of Nellore cows with Angus bulls and ½ Nellore ½ Angus cows with Guzera bulls, respectively. The growth performance was evaluated at the end of the yearling and feedlot stages, and carcass characteristics were evaluated after the slaughter. A completely randomized trial design was used, with 12 cows in each group. The yearling stage lasted 270 days, and the cattle were fed with pasture of <em>Brachiaria brizantha </em>‘Marandu’ with 2.0 UA ha-1 and a forage allowance of 2.5 kg of dry matter (DM) per 100 kg of live weight (LW), during this stage the animals, with an average age of 365 ± 10 days, received protein and energy supplementation <em>ad libitum</em>. After the yearling stage, the cows were confined until they reached the age of 22–24 months and received 6.0 kg DM of sugar cane + urea and 4.0 kg DM of concentrate, with 150 g kg-1 of crude protein (CP), daily during 90 days. The daily average weight gain (DAWG) during the yearling stage was higher for the ½ Nelore ½ Angus group. The ¼ Nelore ¼ Angus ½ Guzera group reached higher slaughter weight because they had higher DAWG during the feedlot stage (1.022 vs. 728 g dia-1). No significant difference (P &gt; 0.05) was found between the groups when the hot carcass weights were compared. The ½ Nelore ½ Angus group reached a higher carcass weight percentage (53 vs. 50 %) and subcutaneous fat thickness (4.3 vs. 4.0 mm).</p>

Comparative Study on Carcass Characteristics of Different Genetic Groups of Spent Hen in Bangladesh

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.N. Munira . ◽  
M.J. Uddin . ◽  
S. Faruque . ◽  
M.S. Parvez . ◽  
M.Y. Miah . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Spent Hen

Self-Compassion and Quality of Life in Adults Who Stutter

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2097-2108
Author(s):  
Robyn L. Croft ◽  
Courtney T. Byrd
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Adults Who Stutter ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify levels of self-compassion in adults who do and do not stutter and to determine whether self-compassion predicts the impact of stuttering on quality of life in adults who stutter. Method Participants included 140 adults who do and do not stutter matched for age and gender. All participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale. Adults who stutter also completed the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering. Data were analyzed for self-compassion differences between and within adults who do and do not stutter and to predict self-compassion on quality of life in adults who stutter. Results Adults who do and do not stutter exhibited no significant differences in total self-compassion, regardless of participant gender. A simple linear regression of the total self-compassion score and total Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering score showed a significant, negative linear relationship of self-compassion predicting the impact of stuttering on quality of life. Conclusions Data suggest that higher levels of self-kindness, mindfulness, and social connectedness (i.e., self-compassion) are related to reduced negative reactions to stuttering, an increased participation in daily communication situations, and an improved overall quality of life. Future research should replicate current findings and identify moderators of the self-compassion–quality of life relationship.

Effects of Gender, Parental Role, and Time on Infant- and Adult-Directed Read and Spontaneous Speech

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 4001-4014
Author(s):  
Melanie Weirich ◽  
Adrian Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
First Year ◽  
Space Size ◽  
Vowel Space ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Description Task

Purpose The study sets out to investigate inter- and intraspeaker variation in German infant-directed speech (IDS) and considers the potential impact that the factors gender, parental involvement, and speech material (read vs. spontaneous speech) may have. In addition, we analyze data from 3 time points prior to and after the birth of the child to examine potential changes in the features of IDS and, particularly also, of adult-directed speech (ADS). Here, the gender identity of a speaker is considered as an additional factor. Method IDS and ADS data from 34 participants (15 mothers, 19 fathers) is gathered by means of a reading and a picture description task. For IDS, 2 recordings were made when the baby was approximately 6 and 9 months old, respectively. For ADS, an additional recording was made before the baby was born. Phonetic analyses comprise mean fundamental frequency (f0), variation in f0, the 1st 2 formants measured in /i: ɛ a u:/, and the vowel space size. Moreover, social and behavioral data were gathered regarding parental involvement and gender identity. Results German IDS is characterized by an increase in mean f0, a larger variation in f0, vowel- and formant-specific differences, and a larger acoustic vowel space. No effect of gender or parental involvement was found. Also, the phonetic features of IDS were found in both spontaneous and read speech. Regarding ADS, changes in vowel space size in some of the fathers and in mean f0 in mothers were found. Conclusion Phonetic features of German IDS are robust with respect to the factors gender, parental involvement, speech material (read vs. spontaneous speech), and time. Some phonetic features of ADS changed within the child's first year depending on gender and parental involvement/gender identity. Thus, further research on IDS needs to address also potential changes in ADS.

Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Naturalness in Speakers of Varying Gender Identities

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 2054-2069
Author(s):  
Brandon Merritt ◽  
Tessa Bent
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
Rating Task ◽  
Gender Identification ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Speech Training ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Speech Naturalness

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate how speech naturalness relates to masculinity–femininity and gender identification (accuracy and reaction time) for cisgender male and female speakers as well as transmasculine and transfeminine speakers. Method Stimuli included spontaneous speech samples from 20 speakers who are transgender (10 transmasculine and 10 transfeminine) and 20 speakers who are cisgender (10 male and 10 female). Fifty-two listeners completed three tasks: a two-alternative forced-choice gender identification task, a speech naturalness rating task, and a masculinity/femininity rating task. Results Transfeminine and transmasculine speakers were rated as significantly less natural sounding than cisgender speakers. Speakers rated as less natural took longer to identify and were identified less accurately in the gender identification task; furthermore, they were rated as less prototypically masculine/feminine. Conclusions Perceptual speech naturalness for both transfeminine and transmasculine speakers is strongly associated with gender cues in spontaneous speech. Training to align a speaker's voice with their gender identity may concurrently improve perceptual speech naturalness. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12543158

Sex and Gender

ASHA Leader ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-4
Keyword(s):  
Sex And Gender ◽  
And Gender
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