scholarly journals Analysis of the Structure of the Bacterial Community in the Livestock Manure-based Composting Process

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiraku Sasaki ◽  
Jun Nonaka ◽  
Kenichi Otawa ◽  
Osamu Kitazume ◽  
Ryoki Asano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Composting Process

Effects of Continuous Thermophilic Composting (CTC) on Bacterial Community in the Active Composting Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Xiao ◽  
Guang-Ming Zeng ◽  
Zhao-Hui Yang ◽  
Yan-He Ma ◽  
Cui Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Composting Process

scholarly journals Unique hyper-thermal composting process in Kagoshima City forms distinct bacterial community structures

2016 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 606-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukihiro Tashiro ◽  
Hanae Tabata ◽  
Asuka Itahara ◽  
Natsuki Shimizu ◽  
Kosuke Tashiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Composting Process

scholarly journals Effects of Chinese herbal medicine residues on antibiotic resistance genes and the bacterial community in chicken manure composting

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinping Wu ◽  
Junjian Li ◽  
Jianwen Chen ◽  
Dale Li ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Chinese Herbal

AbstractLivestock manure is an important way that antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) can enter the environment, and composting is an effective method for removing ARGs from livestock manure. In this study, different volume ratios of Chinese medicinal herbal residues (CMHRs) were added to laboratory-scale chicken manure composting to evaluate their effects on the behavior of ARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and the bacterial community. At the end of the composting period, the structure of the microbial community changed. Firmicutes decreased and Bacteroidetes increased. The relative abundance of the 21 ARGs and 5 MGEs detected decreased by varying degrees in the different treatments (except for sulI and intI1). The removal rate of the ARGs increased with the increased addition of CMHRs. The correlations between transferase genes (tnpA and tnpA-02) and ARGs were significant (p < 0.05); therefore, transposon plays an important role in the horizontal gene transfer of ARGs in chicken manure. The results imply that CMHRs would be an effective bulking agent for the removal of ARGs from chicken manure composting.

scholarly journals Mechanism That Allows Manno-Oligosaccharide To Promote Cellulose Degradation By Microbes And Composting of Cow Manure With Straw

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhua Zhang ◽  
Manli Duan ◽  
Beibei Zhou ◽  
Quanjiu Wang ◽  
Zhenshi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Redundancy Analysis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Cellulose Degradation ◽  
Secretion System ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Sugar Source

Abstract New sugar source, manno-oligosaccharide, can regulate the structure of microbes. The effects of adding manno-oligosaccharide at four different levels (0, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% w/w compost) to cow manure–straw compost on the composting process, degradation of lignocellulose, and bacterial community in this study was investigated. The results showed that adding 0.5% manno-oligosaccharide had the greatest effects on accelerating the composting process, reducing the toxicity, and improving the stability of the product. After composting for 25 days, 0.5% oligosaccharide treatment can decrease the hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin contents to 2.25%, 11.25%, and 7.07% respectively, compared with CK. Manno-oligosaccharide affected the distribution of the bacterial community, inhibited pathogenic bacteria, and improved the abundance of functional genes. Finally, adding 0.5% manno-oligosaccharide mainly affected the degradation of lignocellulose by enhancing the C/N value and the abundances of Streptomyces and the secretion system during composting was demonstrated by redundancy analysis.

EFEKTIVITAS PENGOMPOSAN PUPUK ORGANIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ORGADEC

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Alfina Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
N Content ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
C And N ◽  
Total P

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of orgadec starter in composting cattle (cow) manure. The study was conducted at the KWT Berdaya in Samiran Village, Selo District, Boyolali Regency. The composition of organic fertilizer for each 1 ton of cow manure mix with 5 kg of Orgadec. The observed parameters were carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphor (P), and potassium (K), C/N (rasio C and N) content. The parameters were measured before and after composting process. Furthermore, the data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that Orgadec improved the composting process of livestock manure into organic fertilizer in terms of N-total, P₂O₅, K₂O and water content parameters, but only C/N ratios after meeting the standards in accordance with Permentan No.70/Permentan/SR.140/10/ 2011. In theory, the composting process using orgadec takes about 3 weeks, however the result shows that the composting process should need longer time, so it needs further study.

scholarly journals Livestock Manure Composting in Cold Regions: Challenges and Solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Yousif Abdelrahman Yousif Abdellah ◽  
Chunyan Li
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Inoculants ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
Harsh Conditions ◽  
Biochar Amendment

AbstractThis review investigates the significant challenges of the process of livestock manure composting in cold regions and assesses the critical features related to the quality of the final compost product. Recently, the composting process has grasped more attention because of environmental pollution concerns and seeks for environmentally-sound approaches for managing livestock manure. Despite recent progress in crucial areas like the microbiology of compost, further improvement is needed in composting process monitoring. Therefore, specific obstacles related to livestock manure composting in cold regions, such as the generation and preservation of temperature, and the solution of obstacles such as inoculation of coldadapted microorganisms, and the role of biochar in prolonging the thermophilic stage of composting were reviewed. Also, the challenges were adequately addressed, and promising strategies to improve composting of livestock manure under harsh conditions were proposed. Still, there is a need for more investigation to get a better understanding of the role of microbial inoculants and biochar amendment regarding the start-up of the composting process in cold regions.

scholarly journals Speciation of heavy metals during co-composting of livestock manure

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shazia Gul ◽  
Alia Naz ◽  
Iftikhar Fareed ◽  
Abdullah Khan ◽  
Muhammad Irshad
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Extracting Agents

Abstract Heavy metals determination in manures provides beneficial information to predict the availability and the potential contamination of environment. Therefore, a study was carried out to investigate heavy metals changes in livestock manure during a co-composting process. The metals were stepwise fractionated into exchangeable, adsorbed, organically bound, carbonate precipitated and residual forms by extracting with 0.5M KNO3, de-ionized water, 0.5M NaOH, 0.05M Na2EDTA and 4M HNO3, respectively. During the extraction process, the amount of metals remained highly dependent on an extraction method and stage of manure composting. Extractions released heavy metals contents in the final composted manure as Zn > Cu > Pb > Cr > Ni > Cd. Irrespective of the days of composting, extracting agents differed in the order HNO3 > Na2EDTA > NaOH > KNO3 > H2O for all heavy metals. Higher concentrations of heavy metals were observed during the early stages of composting. Conversely, there was a progressive increase in the concentrations of K, Ca and Mg during composting of manure. Total C in the manure reduced with composting days.

scholarly journals Suitability of Composting Process for the Disposal and Valorization of Brewer’s Spent Grain

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Davide Assandri ◽  
Niccolò Pampuro ◽  
Giacomo Zara ◽  
Eugenio Cavallo ◽  
Marilena Budroni
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Bulking Agents ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Substrate Properties ◽  
Spent Grain ◽  
Ph Range

The brewing industry is characterized by the large production of by-products. Following the fundamentals of a circular economy, several attempts to recycle brewers’ spent grain (BSG) have been investigated. However, little information is available on its use for composting. Considering the main parameters required for optimal development of composting, the objective of the present review was to analyze the literature to determine whether the microbial and physicochemical characteristics of BSG make it suitable for direct composting. As the main factors in the composting process, we considered the BSG moisture content, total carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, and pH. As described in the literature, the BSG moisture content, C/N ratio, and pH range from 70.6% to 81.3%, 7.1 to 26.5, and 3.8 to 6.9, respectively. This C/N ratio range is lower than the composting target range (20–30). Instead, the mean moisture content in the literature is higher than the 60% to 65% recommended for composting. Optimum pH for aerobic stabilization of compost ranges from 5.5 to 7.5, while the BSG pH in the literature is typically more acidic. Therefore, BSG is not suitable for direct composting. Addition of lignocellulosic bulking agents improves the reduction of moisture content during composting, while also optimizing the substrate properties, such as C/N ratio, air spaces, and pH, to positively affect the composting process. Moreover, livestock manure should be included as a starting material to promote the composting process. In this context, two hypothetical initial mixtures of BSG plus a lignocellulosic bulking agent and livestock manure are presented.

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