scholarly journals Influence of Rumen Escape Starch on ??Amylase Activity in Pancreatic Tissue and Small Intestinal Digesta of Lambs

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 1749-1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Xu ◽  
J. H. Yao ◽  
Y. H. Wang ◽  
F. N. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Small Intestinal

Carbohydrase activity in the pancreatic tissue and small intestine mucosa of sheep fed dried-grass or ground maize-based diets

1985 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Janes ◽  
T. E. C. Weekes ◽  
D. G. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Proximal Region ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Intestine Mucosa ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Small Intestinal

SummaryTwo groups of six sheep were fed either dried-grass or ground maize-based diets for at least 4 weeks before slaughter. Samples of the small intestinal mucosa and spancreatic tissue were assayed for a-amylase, glucoamylase, maltase and oligo-l,6-glucosidase.The pancreatic tissue contained high activities of α-amylase and much lower activities of glucoamylase, maltase and oligo-1,6-glucosidase. There was no effect of diet on the specific activities of any of these enzymes in the pancreatic tissue.The activity of α-amylase adsorbed on to the mucosa of the small intestine was greatest in the proximal region of the small intestine, the activity generally declining with increasing distance away from the pylorus. There was no diet effect on the absorbed α-amylase activity.Similar patterns of distribution along the small intestine were observed for maltase, glucoamylase and oligo-1,6-glucosidase with the highest activities in t he jejunum. There was no overall effect of diet on glucoamylase or maltase specific activities and glucoamylase total activity, although the total activities of maltase and oligo-1,6-glucosidase were significantly greater for the sheep fed the ground maize-based diet (P < 0·05).It is suggested that ruminant animals may be capable of digesting large amounts of starch in the small intestine through an adaptation in the activity of the host carbohydrases.

scholarly journals Tubular subtotal form of the small intestinal doublication

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Andrei V. Pisklakov ◽  
Denis A. Fedorov ◽  
Sergey V. Moroz ◽  
Vyacheslav I. Ponomarev ◽  
Anatoly V. Lysov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Intestinal Duplication ◽  
Common Wall ◽  
Rare Malformation ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Mini Laparotomy

Duplication of the gastrointestinal tract is a relatively rare malformation. The incidence is approximately 1 in 10 000 live births with the small intestinal duplication in most cases. Malformations with a long duplication part are considered technically complex. A successfully treated clinical case of the subtotal small intestinal duplication in a child is presented in the article. The mid-median mini-laparotomy was performed and a subtotal 1 meter length small intestinal duplication was revealed (from the Treitzs ligament to the ileum in 50 cm from the ileocolic valve). The proximal part of the intestinal duplication and its mucous membrane of the distal part with the common wall were completely removed. Histological examination found ectopia of the gastric mucosa and pancreatic tissue. Surgical treatment of this malformation is aimed at the complete removal of the duplication part due to possible ectopia of the gastric mucosa or pancreatic tissue. If the resection of an entire part of the intestinal duplication is technically impossible, the mucous membrane can be removed.

SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE PANCREATIC AMYLASE AND INTESTINAL MALTASE OF THE CHICK

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 2107-2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Laws ◽  
J. H. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Pancreatic Amylase ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The digestive enzymes amylase and maltase were studied in acetone-dried powders or homogenates of the pancreatic and small intestinal tissues and small intestinal contents obtained from chicks of various ages. The stability of pancreatic amylase, which was relatively low in 0.15 M sodium chloride, was increased markedly by the presence of 0.02 M barbiturate buffer. The pH optimum of pancreatic amylase (chloride-activated) was 7.0 whereas that of intestinal maltase was 6.9. High levels of pancreatic amylase activity were found in the newly-hatched chick but these levels decreased during the following 20 days and then remained constant. The contrast between the high amylase and low maltase activities in the contents of the small intestine suggested that molecules of maltose, formed by the hydrolysis of starch, were absorbed as such by the mucosal cells. It appeared that maltose could be absorbed with equal facility from all sections of the small intestine of the 10-day-old chick but in the older birds maltose absorption seemed to occur more readily from the upper small intestine than from the duodenum and lower small intestine. A modified method for the determination of maltase activity is described.

Amylase secretion by parotid glands and pancreas of diabetic rats during feeding

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (6) ◽  
pp. G878-G882 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kurahashi ◽  
K. Inomata
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastric Content ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Amylase Secretion ◽  
Pancreatic Amylase ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Appreciable Change ◽  
Intestinal Contents ◽  
Small Intestinal

Parotid and pancreatic amylase secretion into the gastrointestinal tract during feeding was investigated in diabetic rats. In control rats, both parotid and pancreatic amylase activity decreased after feeding, while the amylase activity present in the gastric and small intestinal contents increased. In diabetic rats, parotid amylase activity, although reduced from control levels, decreased after feeding, and amylase activity of the parotid type appeared in the gastric content. Amylase activities in the diabetic pancreas and small intestinal contents at fasting were markedly reduced and did not show appreciable change with feeding. The total amylase activity in the small intestinal contents after feeding was markedly reduced in the diabetic rats, whereas the ratio of parotid to pancreatic amylase was markedly increased. These results suggest that the amylase secreted from the parotid glands into the gastrointestinal tract during feeding acts not only in the mouth and stomach but also in the small intestine of diabetic rats.

SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE PANCREATIC AMYLASE AND INTESTINAL MALTASE OF THE CHICK

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 2107-2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Laws ◽  
J. H. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Pancreatic Amylase ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The digestive enzymes amylase and maltase were studied in acetone-dried powders or homogenates of the pancreatic and small intestinal tissues and small intestinal contents obtained from chicks of various ages. The stability of pancreatic amylase, which was relatively low in 0.15 M sodium chloride, was increased markedly by the presence of 0.02 M barbiturate buffer. The pH optimum of pancreatic amylase (chloride-activated) was 7.0 whereas that of intestinal maltase was 6.9. High levels of pancreatic amylase activity were found in the newly-hatched chick but these levels decreased during the following 20 days and then remained constant. The contrast between the high amylase and low maltase activities in the contents of the small intestine suggested that molecules of maltose, formed by the hydrolysis of starch, were absorbed as such by the mucosal cells. It appeared that maltose could be absorbed with equal facility from all sections of the small intestine of the 10-day-old chick but in the older birds maltose absorption seemed to occur more readily from the upper small intestine than from the duodenum and lower small intestine. A modified method for the determination of maltase activity is described.

Effect of sunflower oil on sheep small intestinal digesta viscosity, composition and amylase activity

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.S Mir ◽  
M Ivan ◽  
G.J Mears ◽  
B.F Benkel ◽  
C.M Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Digesta Viscosity

Pancreatic amylase activity from ruminants fed different rations

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Clary ◽  
G. E. Mitchell Jr. ◽  
C. O. Little ◽  
N. W. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Pancreatic Amylase ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Full Adaptation

Pancreatic tissue, obtained from groups of 24 steers each fed pasture plus free-choice minerals or an all-concentrate ration for 126 days, was analyzed for amylase activity. Feeding grain resulted in a highly significant increase in pancreatic amylase activity. Pancreatic tissue from 48 steers fed grain with corn silage had intermediate amylase activity. Data from wethers with pancreatic duct or common bile duct cannulas to permit collection of pancreatic secretions during dietary change support a conclusion that ruminants adapt to increased grain intake by increasing their production of pancreatic amylase. The time required for full adaptation appeared to be longer than for monogastric animals.

scholarly journals Acute Small Intestinal Obstruction Caused by Ectopic Pancreas. A Clinical Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
A. G. Khasanov ◽  
I. F. Sufiyarov ◽  
E. R. Bakirov ◽  
M. A. Nurtdinov ◽  
A. V. Ibraev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Wedge Resection ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Ectopic Pancreas ◽  
Midline Laparotomy ◽  
Small Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Gastroduodenal Zone

Introduction. An ectopic pancreas is an abnormality in which pancreatic tissue has grown outside its normal location with its own blood supply and ducts while having no anatomical, vascular or innervation connections with the pancreas situated normally. The accessory pancreas is the most frequent congenital disorder of this gland. The pancreatic tissue can be found in the walls of stomach, intestine, gallbladder, Meckel’s diverticulum, the liver, spleen and, seldom, in other organs having no contact with the pancreas. Currently the ectopic pancreas incidence is on the rise and amounts up to 0.2% on average in abdominal surgeries and is reported in 0.5–13% of autopsy cases. Most frequently the aberrant pancreas is located in the gastroduodenal zone (63–70% of all the heterotopic pancreas cases); most often it is found in the pylorus and antrum (85–95% of all the gastric ectopic pancreas cases).Materials and methods. This paper presents a case of a successful treatment of a 39 year old male with an acute small intestinal obstruction caused by ectopic pancreatic tissue in the intestinal wall. The patient received a diagnostic laparoscopy and a mid-midline laparotomy with the wedge resection of the small intestine.Results.The postoperative period was recorded as uneventful; the patient was discharged home on day nine following the surgery after removal of cutaneous sutures. The pathology of the small intestinal fragment with the polyp-like neoplasm identified heterotypic pancreatic foci (with acini and ducts) located between muscular bands, with extensive areas of haemorrhaging and necrosis.Conclusion.The diagnosis of the ectopic pancreas tissue in intestinal wall is an extremely complex issue in abdominal surgery; this diagnosis is normally made only when complications occur. Pathomorphological verification is of paramount importance to make the final diagnosis of this disease, making it possible to identify correctly the cause and mechanism of the development of an acute surgical disorder.

scholarly journals Serum amylase activity disorders in the course of experimental diabetes in rabbits

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Burski ◽  
T. Ueland ◽  
R. Maciejewski
Keyword(s):  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Insulin Effect ◽  
Amylase Release ◽  
Pancreatic Cells ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Serum Amylase Activity

We evaluated the influence of experimental diabetes on the amylase release in exocrine pancreatic cells. Following a single alloxan injection, male rabbits were divided into control and four experimental groups according to the disease duration. Respectively after 21, 42, 90, and 180 days intervals, the final levels of glucose and amylase in the sera were determined spectrophotometrically by the use of an enzymatic method. The mean serum glucose level in healthy controls was 6.4 mmol/l. It reached its top value of 32.0 mmol/l after 42 days of diabetes, and decreased to 23.12 mmol/l on day 180. The mean serum amylase activity was 124 U/l in healthy controls, 57 U/l on day 21, 138 on day 42, 84 U/l on day 90, and 56 U/l after 180 days of diabetes. The initial drop of the amylase activity may be interpreted as a result of decreased stimulating insulin effect on exocrine pancreatic cells, whereas the transient increase in activity on day 90 seems to be related to the increased destruction processes of the pancreatic tissue.

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