Effect of Sodium Hydroxide plus Hydrogen Peroxide Treated Mustard (Brassica campestris) Straw Based Diets on Rumen Degradation Kinetics (In sacco), Fermentation Pattern and Nutrient Utilization in Sheep

ABSTRACTThe comparative effect of spraying wheat straw, maize stover and maize cob with sodium hydroxide and alkaline (sodium hydroxide treated) hydrogen peroxide over a range of moisture contents was evaluated. The effect of concentration of hydrogen peroxide on straw subsequently ammoniated was also investigated. No differences (P < 0·05) were detected between sodium hydroxide and similar concentrations of sodium hydroxide used to provide alkali for alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatments. When however, gaseous ammonia was used as the source of alkali there were significant linear increases in degradability with increasing concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. At 48 h incubation, degradability values for untreated, ammonia-treated, 10, 50 and 100 g alkaline (ammonia) hydrogen peroxide per kg were 528, 595, 640, 676 and 716 for wheat straw, 618, 652, 683, 717 and 743 for maize stover and 392, 467, 585, 632 and 686 g/kg for maize cob respectively. It is concluded that the use of gaseous ammonia as the source of alkali seems a possible practical method of using hydrogen peroxide to increase degradability of straws.

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Predicting In Sacco Rumen Degradation Kinetics of Raw and Dry Roasted Faba Beans (Vicia faba) and Lupin Seeds (Lupinus albus) by Laboratory Techniques

Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences ◽

10.5713/ajas.2000.1377 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 1377-1387

Author(s):

P. Yu ◽

A. R. Egan ◽

B. J. Leury

Keyword(s):

Vicia Faba ◽

Degradation Kinetics ◽

Lupinus Albus ◽

Rumen Degradation ◽

Laboratory Techniques ◽

Lupin Seeds ◽

Faba Beans ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

In Sacco

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Relationship between structure and catalyst effect in the degradation kinetics of reactive dyes with hydrogen peroxide: UV-light versus sodium hydroxide

Journal of Molecular Liquids ◽

10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112171 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 299 ◽

pp. 112171 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mateus Mittersteiner ◽

Matheus R. Barbieri ◽

Jeferson Colzani ◽

Dilamara R. Scharf ◽

Paulo Cesar de Jesus

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Uv Light ◽

Degradation Kinetics ◽

Reactive Dyes ◽

Catalyst Effect ◽

Kinetics Of

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Bleaching optimization at WestRock mill in Covington, Virginia

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj15.9.581 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 581-586 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

RICARDO B. SANTOS ◽

PETER W. HART ◽

DOUGLAS C. PRYKE ◽

JOHN VANDERHEIDE

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Chlorine Dioxide ◽

Capital Expenditures ◽

Equipment Repair ◽

Optimization Program ◽

Hardwood Pulp ◽

Improved Performance

The WestRock mill in Covington, VA, USA, initiated a long term diagnostic and optimization program for all three of its bleaching lines. Benchmarking studies were used to help identify optimization opportunities. Capital expenditures for mixing improvement, filtrate changes, equipment repair, other equipment changes, and species changes were outside the scope of this work. This focus of this paper is the B line, producing southern hardwood pulp in a D(EP)DD sequence at 88% GE brightness. The benchmarking study and optimization work identified the following opportunities for improved performance: nonoptimal addition of caustic and hydrogen peroxide to the (EP) stage, carryover of D0 filtrate to the (EP) stage, and carryover of (EP) filtrate to the D1 stage. As a result of actions the mill undertook to address these opportunities, D0 kappa factor decreased about 5%, sodium hydroxide consumption in the (EP) stage decreased about 35%, chlorine dioxide consumption in the D1 stage decreased about 25%, and overall bleaching cost decreased about 15%.

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Production of monosaccharides from poplar by a two-step hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid and sodium hydroxide pretreatment

Industrial Crops and Products ◽

10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.113820 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 170 ◽

pp. 113820

Author(s):

Hong Liao ◽

Jiaxin You ◽

Peiyao Wen ◽

Wenjun Ying ◽

Qianqian Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Sodium Hydroxide

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Degradation of Remazol Black dye from Aqueous Solution by Heterogeneous NH3(MoO3)3/H2O2 System

International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry ◽

10.9734/irjpac/2021/v22i730421 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 67-78

Author(s):

Kouakou Yao Urbain ◽

Kambiré Ollo ◽

Gnonsoro Urbain Paul ◽

Eroi N’goran Sévérin ◽

Trokourey Albert

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Molybdenum Oxide ◽

Degradation Rate ◽

Dye Degradation ◽

Degradation Kinetics ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Gel Method ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Molybdenum Nanoparticles ◽

Remazol Black

Aims: The pollution of the environment by organic dyes in water is a matter of great concern. Wastewater containing dyes is difficult to treat by conventional wastewater treatment methods such as coagulation, ozonation, biological treatment, etc. This is why the implementation of an effective method by not generating pollutants secondary is necessary. The objective of this work is to study the degradation of remazol black, an azo dye, by the coupling of hydrogen peroxide - molybdenum oxide nanoparticle. The nanoparticles were synthesized by the aqueous sol-gel method using a reflux assembly. Study Design: Random design. Methodology: The nanoparticles were synthesized by the aqueous sol-gel method using a reflux assembly and then characterized by X-ray diffraction and using software origin to determine the particles size by Scherrer's formula. The influence of hydrogen peroxide, molybdenum oxide and hydrogen peroxide / molybdenum oxide coupling, and the degradation kinetics of remazol black were studied. We also studied the influence of the pH of the solution, the mass of molybdenum nanoparticles and the concentration of remazol black on the dye degradation process. Results: The results showed that the synthesized oxide is ammonium molybdenum trioxide NH3(MoO3)3) with a hexagonal structure and size 22.79 nm. The study of the catalytic effect revealed a degradation rate of 17%, 0.83% and 42% respectively for H2O2, NH3(MoO3)3 and the coupling NH3(MoO3)3/H2O2. The study also showed that the degradation of remazol black by the couple NH3(MoO3)3 /H2O2 is better at pH = 4 and for a mass of nanoparticles of 400 mg. This degradation kinetics are pseudo 1st order. In addition, the degradation rate decreases when the concentration of remazol black increases. The efficiency of the coupling (NH3(MoO3)3 / H2O2 showed at ambient temperature, that it was possible to remove about 60% of the initial color of remazol black from the water in a batch reaction. Conclusion: The reflux method makes it possible to synthesize molybdenum nanoparticles. The molybdenum oxide hetero-Fenton process is effective in removing remazol black dye from water.

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Rumen degradation and fractional outflow rates of nitrogen supplements given to cattle eating sodium hydroxide-treated straw

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19860045 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 387-398 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

K. Amaning-Kwarteng ◽

R. C. Kellaway ◽

Jane Leibholz ◽

A. C. Kirby

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Cotton Seed ◽

Relative Importance ◽

High Intake ◽

Protein Supplements ◽

Rumen Degradation ◽

Cotton Seed Meal ◽

Meat Meal ◽

The Difference

1. Six rumen and abomasal cannulated heifers were used to study the effects of intake on the fractional outflow rates (FOR) of chromium-mordanted cotton-seed meal (Cr-CSM) and meat meal (Cr-MM), CrEDTA, ytterbium and lignin from the rumen. Values of FOR of Cr-CSM and Cr-MM were combined with values of nitrogen disappearance from the protein supplements, placed in porous synthetic (nylon) bags and incubated within the rumen (P), to calculate effective degradation (D)of CSM and MM when fed to heifers eating sodium hydroxide-treated straw. Also, N degradation in vivo (V) was measured as the difference between abomasal N flow and the sum of flows of microbial and endogenous N.2. FOR were positively related to intake and differences between supplements were significant (p<0.01). FOR pertaining to high and low intakes respectively were 0.073 and 0.052 for Cr-CSM, 0.082 and 0.071 for Cr-MM, 0.030 and 0.023 for lignin, 0.082 and 0.073 for CrEDTA and 0, 044 and 0.035 for Yb.3. A rise of 28.8 and 13.4% in FOR of Cr-CSM and Cr-MM respectively, associated with an increase in intake from maintenance to 1.5 times maintenance, resulted in 10.7 and 2.2% reductions inD, 24 h after feeding, for CSM and MM respectively.4. With the exception of CSM at the high intake, estimates ofVwere underestimated byDand were 8.6–25.0% greater than theDvalues when time of incubation (t)= ∞. The two techniques, however, ranked the degradation of the two supplements in the same order at both levels of intake.5. Underestimation ofVbyDmay be attributable to underestimation ofP, overestimation of FOR (both resulting in underestimation ofD) or overestimation ofVdue to biases associated with the estimation of this part of the comparison. The relative importance of these factors remains to be determined.

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In situ rumen degradation of kernels from short-season corn silage hybrids as affected by processing1,2

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txy084 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 428-438 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Renan L Miorin ◽

Lucia Holtshausen ◽

Vern Baron ◽

Karen A Beauchemin

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Degradation Kinetics ◽

Starch Content ◽

Beef Cows ◽

Passage Rate ◽

Corn Hybrids ◽

Rumen Degradation ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Short Season

Abstract The objective of this in situ study was to evaluate the rumen degradability of kernels from short-season corn hybrids grown for silage in Western Canada (Lacombe, AB) and determine whether decreasing kernel particle size would enhance ruminal degradability in a similar manner for all hybrids. The study was a completely randomized design with 3 beef cows (replicates) and a 6 (hybrid) × 3 (particle size) factorial arrangement of treatments. Kernels were processed to generate three different particle sizes: large (2.3 mm), medium (1.4 mm), and small (0.7 mm). Processed samples were incubated in the rumen for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h using the in situ method and degradation kinetics of DM and starch were determined. Effective rumen degradability (ED) was estimated using a passage rate of 0.04 (ED4), 0.06 (ED6), and 0.08/h (ED8). Hybrids exhibited a range in whole plant DM content (23.7 to 25.0%), starch content (15.9 to 28.1% DM), kernel hardness (21.9 to 34.4 s/20 g) and density (3.57 to 4.18 g/mL), and prolamin content (8.24 to 11.34 g/100 g starch). Differences in digestion kinetics among hybrids were generally more pronounced for starch than DM. The hybrids differed in starch degradability (P < 0.05), with earlier maturing hybrids having lower A fraction, lower kd, and lower ED, with hybrid effects on ED being accentuated with faster passage rate. Kernel DM content (r = −0.85, −0.87), hardness (r = −0.89, −0.86), and density (r = −0.84, −0.85) were negatively correlated with ED4 and ED8 of starch, respectively, due mainly to decreased kd of fraction B. Reducing the particle size of kernels increased ED of starch due to increased A fraction and kd of the B fraction. A tendency (P = 0.09) for hybrid × processing effects for ED6 and ED8 indicated that processing had greater effects on increasing ED of starch for earlier maturing hybrids. We conclude that short-season hybrids that mature early may have lower ED of DM and starch and would benefit from prolonged ensilage time. Kernel processing during silage making is recommended for short-season corn hybrids as a means of enhancing rumen availability of starch.

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