scholarly journals Statistical Genetic Studies on Cattle Breeding for Dairy Productivity in Bangladesh: II. Estimation of Reciprocal and Heterosis Effects and Optimum Crossbreeding System between the Local Breeds and Exotic Breeds for Milk Performance

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 777-782
Author(s):  
K. B. Hossain ◽  
S. Takayanagi ◽  
T. Miyake ◽  
A. K. F. H. Bhuiyan ◽  
Y. Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Milk Performance

Polish Red Cattle breeding: past and present

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 21-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Szarek ◽  
K. Adamczyk ◽  
A. Felenczak
Keyword(s):  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Native Breed ◽  
Milk Performance ◽  
Resources Conservation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Second World

SummaryThe aim of this study was to characterise the Polish Red cattle breed, the only existing native breed in Poland. The origin and conformation of this breed and its historical development, distribution and performance were described. Moreover, the attention was paid to the attempts to improve the breed milk performance by crossbreeding with Jersey, Danish Red and Angler and beef performance by crossbreeding with Black-and-White, Red-and-White, Simmental and beef bulls.Before the Second World War the Polish Red held the rank of an international breed, and since the middle of the previous century had been found almost throughout Poland. In the 1950s it still constituted 22% of the whole cattle population in Poland. Indeed in 1954 the Polish Red cattle population amounted to over 1.5 million head. Currently, Polish Red cattle are in danger of extinction. Only 300 cows are included in the Program of Genetic Resources Conservation and scarcely several hundred embryos and semen doses are stored in the Semen Bank of the National Research Institute of Animal Production in Balice.In 2001 the number of recorded Polish Red milking cows was 1 201. Their average performance amounted to 3 786 kg of milk with 4.26% of fat and 3.39% of protein. However, milk yield of the cows at the best farms exceeded 5 500 kg.

scholarly journals К проблеме использования инбридинга в мясном скотоводстве

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 596-600
Author(s):  
A.N. Ugnivenko
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Maternal Line ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Milk Performance ◽  
Males And Females

<p><span lang="EN-US">The influence of homogenous and heterogenous mating of parents on female productivity and breeding value of the sires of Ukrainian Beef has been studied. Inbred males and females have different breeding values in meet cattle breeding. Large number of improvers of growth rate were found among the sires, obtained from related mating. In females, inbred depression by growth rate, reproductive performance and milk performance has been observed. Cows, obtained from the linebreeding had the lowest milk performance and reproductive ability. It is not recommended to use related mating in meet cattle breeding</span><span lang="EN-US">for females obtaining, due to inbred depression. Mating of parents with inbreeding to the maternal line ancestor or “mediator” leads to heterosis by milk and reproductive ability. Heterogenity of parents by indexes of antigen similarity (r<sub>as</sub>) or body tallness index (IBT) reduces the negative impact of inbreeding. Inbreeding</span><span lang="EN-US">applied</span><span lang="EN-US">on</span><span lang="EN-US">parents</span><span lang="EN-US">that</span><span lang="EN-US">were</span><span lang="EN-US">different</span><span lang="EN-US">by</span><span lang="EN-US">conformation type and ancestry is less risky as compared to homogenous animals.</span></p>

scholarly journals Genetic Improvement of Local Cattle Breeds in West Africa: A Review of Breeding Programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2125
Author(s):  
Dominique Ouédraogo ◽  
Albert Soudré ◽  
Bernadette Yougbaré ◽  
Salifou Ouédraogo-Koné ◽  
Bienvenue Zoma-Traoré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Milk Performance ◽  
Multiple Services ◽  
Farmer Livelihoods ◽  
National Economies

Cattle are one of the most important livestock species in West Africa, providing multiple services to farmers and contributing to national economies. Various breeding strategies have been implemented to enhance their productivity and have improved farmer livelihoods. This review describes cattle breeding experiences across West Africa, spanning the N’Dama breed in Mali, Senegal, and The Gambia to the breeds Azawak Zebu, Fulani Zebu, and taurine Baoulé in Burkina Faso. The main objectives of most breeding programs have been to optimize meat and milk performance of taurine and Zebu cattle as well as trypanotolerance of taurine cattle. In some cases, “closed nucleus” schemes have proven limited and so have evolved into “open nucleus” schemes. Recent community-based breeding programs have shown promise. The major challenges of breeding programs remain defining realistic breeding objectives and securing the involvement of stakeholders. All the strategies reviewed here have been funded externally within development or research projects that are often too short to yield tangible genetic improvement, and whether they will continue beyond those projects is uncertain. This review highlights the need for continuing government support to ensure the sustainability of local cattle breeding programs.

ASSESSMENT BY ORIGIN OF BULLS OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASE RESISTANCE AND PRODUCT QUALITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Х.Х. ГИЛЬМАНОВ ◽  
С.В. ТЮЛЬКИН ◽  
Р.Р. ВАФИН ◽  
Н.С. ПРЯНИЧНИКОВА
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Milk Performance ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
The Republic

Успешное развитие скотоводства с целью получения биологически безопасной молочной продукции высокого качества возможно лишь в условиях эпизоотического благополучия. Повышенная молочная продуктивность коров сопряжена со снижением резистентности к различным заболеваниям, включая лейкоз и мастит. Изучена оценка племенной ценности чистопородных и помесных с голштинской породой быков-производителей, принадлежащих племпредприятию Республики Татарстан, с комплексными генотипами iNOS и LTF по характеру проявления молочной продуктивности у ближайших женских предков. Установлено, что наибольшие показатели по удою и выходу молочного жира женских предков оказались у быков с комплексным генотипом BB/AA генов iNOS/LTF. Согласно результатам исследований рекомендуем в хозяйствах Республики Татарстан с часто встречаемыми случаями заболевания животных лейкозом и маститом целенаправленно использовать в селекционно-племенной работе быков-производителей, несущих в своем генотипе A и B аллели соответствующих генов iNOS и LTF. The successful development of cattle breeding in order to obtain biologically safe high-quality dairy products is possible only in conditions of epizootic well-being. The increased milk performance of cows is associated with the reduction of the resistance to various diseases, including leukemia and mastitis. In this research work we studied purebred breeding bulls and bulls crossbred with Holstein breed (both type of bulls have a complex iNOS and LTF genotypes) belonging to the plempredprime of the Republic of Tatarstan. We made an assessment of their breeding value based on the nature of milk production in the closest female ancestors. It was found that the highest indicators of milk yield and milk fat yield of female ancestors were found in bulls with a complex genotype BB / AA of the iNOS / LTF genes. According to the research results, in breeding work in farms of the Republic of Tatarstan with frequent cases of animal disease with leukemia and mastitis, we recommend purposefully using breeding bulls that carry in their genotype A and B alleles of the corresponding iNOS and LTF genes.

Moving beyond the “LDL hypothesis”

VASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Werner ◽  
Ulrich Laufs
Keyword(s):  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Causal Relation ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Clinical Trial Data ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Trial Data ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Statin Drug

Abstract. Summary: The term “LDL hypothesis” is frequently used to describe the association of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol, LDL-C) and cardiovascular (CV) events. Recent data from genetic studies prove a causal relation between serum LDL-C and CV events. These data are in agreement with mechanistic molecular studies and epidemiology. New randomised clinical trial data show that LDL-C lowering with statins and a non-statin drug, ezetimibe, reduces CV events. We therefore believe that the “LDL-hypothesis” has been proven; the term appears to be outdated and should be replaced by “LDL causality”.

Neuropsychological intermediate phenotypes as tools for genetic studies in schizophrenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Konnerth ◽  
I Giegling ◽  
AM Hartmann ◽  
J Genius ◽  
A Ruppert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Intermediate Phenotypes

The Use of Medical Record Linkage for Population and Genetic Studies

1969 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 07-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Newcombe
Keyword(s):  
Record Linkage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Record Linkage ◽  
Canadian Province ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Parental Characteristics ◽  
Family Histories ◽  
The Family ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Machine Readable

Methods are described for deriving personal and family histories of birth, marriage, procreation, ill health and death, for large populations, from existing civil registrations of vital events and the routine records of ill health. Computers have been used to group together and »link« the separately derived records pertaining to successive events in the lives of the same individuals and families, rapidly and on a large scale. Most of the records employed are already available as machine readable punchcards and magnetic tapes, for statistical and administrative purposes, and only minor modifications have been made to the manner in which these are produced.As applied to the population of the Canadian province of British Columbia (currently about 2 million people) these methods have already yielded substantial information on the risks of disease: a) in the population, b) in relation to various parental characteristics, and c) as correlated with previous occurrences in the family histories.

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