scholarly journals Molecular Phylogenetic Diversity and Spatial Distribution of Bacterial Communities in Cooling Stage during Swine Manure Composting

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 888-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Guo ◽  
Jinliang Zhang ◽  
Yongfeng Yan ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
Nengwu Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Cooling Stage ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

scholarly journals The metagenomics of biosilicification: causes and effects

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Benning ◽  
D. J. Tobler
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Geochemical Parameters ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Geothermal Environments

AbstractIn order to determine the links between geochemical parameters controlling the formation of silica sinter in hot springs and their associated microbial diversity, a detailed characterisation of the waters and ofin situ-grown silica sinters was combined with molecular phylogenetic analyses of the bacterial communities in Icelandic geothermal environments. At all but one site, the microorganisms clearly affected, and in part controlled, the formation of the macroscopic textures and structures of silica sinter edifices. In addition, the class and genera level phylogenetic diversity and distribution appeared to be closely linked to variations in temperature, salinity and pH regimes.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic and metabolic diversity have contrasting effects on the ecological functioning of bacterial communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos Xenophontos ◽  
Martin Taubert ◽  
W Stanley Harpole ◽  
Kirsten Küsel
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Metabolic Diversity ◽  
Community Functioning ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Independent Effects

ABSTRACT Quantifying the relative contributions of microbial species to ecosystem functioning is challenging, because of the distinct mechanisms associated with microbial phylogenetic and metabolic diversity. We constructed bacterial communities with different diversity traits and employed exoenzyme activities (EEAs) and carbon acquisition potential (CAP) from substrates as proxies of bacterial functioning to test the independent effects of these two aspects of biodiversity. We expected that metabolic diversity, but not phylogenetic diversity would be associated with greater ecological function. Phylogenetically relatedness should intensify species interactions and coexistence, therefore amplifying the influence of metabolic diversity. We examined the effects of each diversity treatment using linear models, while controlling for the other, and found that phylogenetic diversity strongly influenced community functioning, positively and negatively. Metabolic diversity, however, exhibited negative or non-significant relationships with community functioning. When controlling for different substrates, EEAs increased along with phylogenetic diversity but decreased with metabolic diversity. The strength of diversity effects was related to substrate chemistry and the molecular mechanisms associated with each substrate's degradation. EEAs of phylogenetically similar groups were strongly affected by within-genus interactions. These results highlight the unique flexibility of microbial metabolic functions that must be considered in further ecological theory development.

Culturable and molecular phylogenetic diversity of microorganisms in an open-dumped, extremely acidic Pb/Zn mine tailings

Extremophiles ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui-Liang Tan ◽  
Wen-Sheng Shu ◽  
Kevin B. Hallberg ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
Chong-Yu Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Spatial distribution of some microbial trophic groups in a plug-flow-type anaerobic bioreactor treating swine manure

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1147-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guylaine Talbot ◽  
Caroline S. Roy ◽  
Edward Topp ◽  
Martin L. Kalmokoff ◽  
Stephen P. J. Brooks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Anaerobic Bioreactor ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Flow Type ◽  
Sequential Digestion

Anaerobic digestion of swine manure is carried out by a consortium of microbial species, including volatile fatty acid (VFA) producers, VFA-degraders and methanogens. The distribution of five phylogenetic groups within a plug-flow-type anaerobic bioreactor consisting of eight serially-connected tanks was examined through the sequential digestion of swine manure. Quantification was carried out using reverse transcription real-time PCR (RT-Q-PCR) assays targeting the 16S rRNA of Clostridium (cluster XIVa), Peptostreptococcus, Syntrophomonas, Methanosaeta, and Methanosarcina spp. The VFA producers Peptostreptococcus spp. and Clostridium spp. were found predominantly in compartments where hydrolysis/acidogenesis took place. The spatial distribution of the aceticlastic methanogens, Methanosaeta and Methanosarcina, within the bioreactor was not correlated with methanogenic activity. In contrast the VFA-degrading genus Syntrophomonas spp. was more abundant in compartments with elevated methanogenic activity. Multivariate statistical analyses of the RT-Q-PCR data have provided new insights into our understanding of how the various trophic groups were distributed within this bioreactor system. While the distribution of clostridia, peptostreptococci and Syntrophomonas corresponded to their known metabolic functions, aceticlastic methanogens were not apparently linked to the methanogenesis stage occurring in latter compartments, suggesting that hydrogenotrophic methanogens were the primary methane generators in this bioreactor. However, aceticlastic methanogens could be involved in compartments related to the hydrolysis/acidogenesis stage.

scholarly journals Effects of reclamation years on composition and diversity of soil bacterial communities in Northwest China

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhibo Cheng ◽  
Fenghua Zhang ◽  
William Jeffrey Gale ◽  
Weichao Wang ◽  
Wen Sang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Soil Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Organic C ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial

The objective of this study was to evaluate bacterial community structure and diversity in soil aggregate fractions when salinized farmland was reclaimed after >27 years of abandonment and then farmed again for 1, 5, 10, and 15 years. Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was performed to characterize the soil bacterial communities in 5 aggregate size classes in each treatment. The results indicated that reclamation significantly increased macro-aggregation (>0.25 mm), as well as soil organic C, available N, and available P. The 10-year field had the largest proportion (93.9%) of soil in the macro-aggregate size classes (i.e., >0.25 mm) and the highest soil electrical conductivity. The 5 most dominant phyla in the soil samples were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Acidobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. The phylogenetic diversity, Chao1, and Shannon indices increased after the abandoned land was reclaimed for farming, reaching maximums in the 15-year field. Among aggregate size classes, the 1–0.25 mm aggregates generally had the highest phylogenetic diversity, Chao1, and Shannon indices. Soil organic C and soil electrical conductivity were the main environmental factors affecting the soil bacterial communities. The composition and structure of the bacterial communities also varied significantly depending on soil aggregate size and time since reclamation.

Mycobiota of the Takamatsuzuka and Kitora Tumuli in Japan, focusing on the molecular phylogenetic diversity of Fusarium and Trichoderma

Mycoscience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 298-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiko Kiyuna ◽  
Kwang-Deuk An ◽  
Rika Kigawa ◽  
Chie Sano ◽  
Sadatoshi Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic
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