scholarly journals Determination and Prediction of the Amino Acid Digestibility of Sunflower Seed Meals in Growing Pigs

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Liu ◽  
Q. Y. Li ◽  
Z. K. Zeng ◽  
P. Li ◽  
X. Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Growing Pigs

Somatotropin increases protein balance independent of insulin's effects on protein metabolism in growing pigs

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (1) ◽  
pp. E1-E10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonda C. Vann ◽  
Hanh V. Nguyen ◽  
Peter J. Reeds ◽  
Norman C. Steele ◽  
Daniel R. Deaver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Protein Balance ◽  
Protein Deposition ◽  
Leucine Oxidation

Somatotropin (ST) administration enhances protein deposition and elicits profound metabolic responses, including hyperinsulinemia. To determine whether the anabolic effect of ST is due to hyperinsulinemia, pair-fed weight-matched growing swine were treated with porcine ST (150 μg · kg body wt−1 · day−1) or diluent for 7 days ( n = 6/group, ∼20 kg). Then pancreatic glucose-amino acid clamps were performed after an overnight fast. The objective was to reproduce the insulin levels of 1) fasted control and ST pigs (basal insulin, 5 μU/ml), 2) fed control pigs (low insulin, 20 μU/ml), and 3) fed ST pigs (high insulin, 50 μU/ml). Amino acid and glucose disposal rates were determined from the infusion rates necessary to maintain preclamp blood levels of these substrates. Whole body nonoxidative leucine disposal (NOLD), leucine appearance (Ra), and leucine oxidation were determined with primed, continuous infusions of [13C]leucine and [14C]bicarbonate. ST treatment was associated with higher NOLD and protein balance and lower leucine oxidation and amino acid and glucose disposals. Insulin lowered Ra and increased leucine oxidation, protein balance, and amino acid and glucose disposals. These effects of insulin were suppressed by ST treatment; however, the protein balance remained higher in ST pigs. The results show that ST treatment inhibits insulin's effects on protein metabolism and indicate that the stimulation of protein deposition by ST treatment is not mediated by insulin. Comparison of the protein metabolic responses to ST treatment during the basal fasting period with those in the fully fed state from a previous study suggests that the mechanism by which ST treatment enhances protein deposition is influenced by feeding status.

scholarly journals Amino acid digestibility in plant protein sources fed to growing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1745-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ah Reum Son ◽  
Chan Sol Park ◽  
Kyu Ree Park ◽  
Beob Gyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Plant Protein Sources

Selection of dietary lysine and threonine concentration of growing pigs

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 195-195
Author(s):  
R. A. C. Fairley ◽  
S. P. Rose ◽  
M. F. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of these trials was to discover if growing pigs can select an appropriate mixture of two feeds differing only in the level of one amino acid.A trial was conducted with 40 male pigs, with an initial mean weight of 13.1 kg. A basal low lysine feed was formulated with 172 g digestible protein (DP)/kg feed which was supplemented with synthetic lysine. The resulting feeds were similar in all respects except digestible lysine (DL) level, which was 25 (L), 50 (ML), 109 (MH) and 141 (H) g/kg DP.A second trial was carried out with threonine, using 48 male pigs with an initial mean weight of 11.94 kg. The same basal feed was supplemented with synthetic lysine to 70 g DL/kg DP and then supplemented with varying amounts of synthetic threonine to form four feeds with digestible threonine (DT) levels of 29 (L), 35 (ML), 55 (MH) and 68 (H) g/kg DP.

scholarly journals Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS) better Estimates the Protein Value of Pistachios than Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Marie Bailey ◽  
Arianna Carughi ◽  
Hans-Henrik Stein
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Indispensable Amino Acid ◽  
Older Adolescents ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Amino Acid Score

AbstractPistachios (Pistacia Vera) are nutrient-dense foods with a healthy nutritional profile that contains fiber, unsaturated fatty acids, essential nutrients, phytochemicals and protein. However, the nutritional quality of the protein has not been characterized to date. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS) and Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS) for raw and roasted American pistachio nuts in growing pigs. The values for apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of crude protein (CP) and the standard ileal digestibility (SID) where calculated for these proteins. The CP content was greater for raw pistachios (27.1%) compared with roasted pistachios (25.1%). The amino acid (AA) in greatest concentrations for both types of pistachio were arginine followed by leucine. The AA in the lowest concentration were tryptophan followed by methionine. The AID of CP was greater (P < 0.05) for raw pistachios than for roasted pistachios, and the AID of most indispensable AA (IAA), except arginine, isoleucine, and phenylalanine, was greater (P < 0.05) for raw pistachios. The SID of CP was greater (P < 0.05) for raw than for roasted pistachios, and the SID of all IAA, except phenylalanine, was greater (P < 0.05) for raw than for roasted pistachios. The PDCAAS value calculated for both types of pistachios was based on the requirement for children from 2 to 5 years old (FAO, 1991), whereas the DIAAS value was calculated based on the requirement for children 3 years and older, adolescents, and adults (FAO, 2013). Both raw and roasted pistachios had a PDCAAS value of 75. In contrast, the DIAAS was numerically greater for raw pistachios than for roasted pistachios with values of 86 and 83, respectively. For PDCAAS, the first limiting AA in both raw and roasted pistachios when compared with the AA requirements for children 2 to 5 years was threonine. For DIAAS, lysine was the first limiting AA in both raw and roasted pistachios when compared with the AA requirements for children 3 years and older, adolescents, and adults. Based on the DIAAS cut-off values describing protein quality (FAO, 2013), raw pistachios and roasted pistachios can both be considered a ‘Good’ quality protein if consumed by children older than 3 year, adolescents, and adults.

An optimal dietary amino acid pattern for growing pigs

1997 ◽  
Vol 1987 ◽  
pp. 91-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Wang ◽  
M. F. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Amino Acid Pattern ◽  
Dietary Amino Acid ◽  
Ideal Protein ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid ◽  
The Ideal

An animal's rate of protein accretion (or nitrogen retention) is determined by the most deficient (or first limiting) amino acid in the diet, in a perfectly balanced (or ideal) protein all essential amino acids and the sum of the non-essential amino acids are equally limiting. If a dietary protein had any amino acids in excess of the ideal pattern, then the removal of any of the excess should not affect nitrogen retention. This principle was used to determine the ideal dietary amino acid pattern for growing pigs.Three nitrogen balance trials were carried out with a total of 64 gilts of weight from 30 to 55 kg. Casein and a mixture of amino acids were used in the semi-purified diets. The animals were given the diets at the rate of 93 g/kg BW0.75/d in three equal meals mixed with 0.3 L water. The feeding times were 08.30, 12.30 and 17.30. All pigs received their experimental diets for 7 days, made up of 3 days preliminary and a 4-day collection, except that the preliminary period before the first collection in the first period was 7 days. Before the first collection bladder catheters were introduced.

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