scholarly journals Application of Capillary GC/MS for Identification of Drugs on Forensic Chemistry I: Direct Detection of 6-Acetylmorphine in Urine Samples of Heroin Abusers.

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
Toshitaka Ohshita ◽  
Yoshihiko Miyata ◽  
Hiroaki Ando
Keyword(s):  
Direct Detection ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Forensic Chemistry ◽  
Capillary Gc ◽  
Heroin Abusers

Blood and urine samples as useful sources for the direct detection of tuberculosis by polymerase chain reaction

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
María J. Rebollo ◽  
Rafael San Juan Garrido ◽  
Dolores Folgueira ◽  
Elia Palenque ◽  
C. Díaz-Pedroche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Use of the Xpert CarbaR assay for direct detection of carbapenemase genes from blood cultures and urine samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-246
Author(s):  
F. Jauréguy ◽  
H. Mansour ◽  
J. Bigot ◽  
V. Walewski ◽  
T. Billard-Pomares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Detection ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Urine Samples

scholarly journals Development of a Rapid PCR Assay Specific forStaphylococcus saprophyticus and Application to Direct Detection from Urine Samples

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 3280-3284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Martineau ◽  
François J. Picard ◽  
Christian Ménard ◽  
Paul H. Roy ◽  
Marc Ouellette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Detection ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Urine Specimen ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Tract Infections

Staphylococcus saprophyticus is one of the most frequently encountered microorganisms associated with acute urinary tract infections (UTIs) in young, sexually active female outpatients. Conventional identification methods based on biochemical characteristics can efficiently identify S. saprophyticus, but the rapidities of these methods need to be improved. Rapid and direct identification of this bacterium from urine samples would be useful to improve time required for the diagnosis of S. saprophyticus infections in the clinical microbiology laboratory. We have developed a PCR-based assay for the specific detection ofS. saprophyticus. An arbitrarily primed PCR amplification product of 380 bp specific for S. saprophyticus was sequenced and used to design a set of S. saprophyticus-specific PCR amplification primers. The PCR assay was specific for S. saprophyticus when tested with DNA from 49 gram-positive and 31 gram-negative bacterial species. This assay was also able to amplify efficiently DNA from all 60 strains of S. saprophyticus from various origins tested. This assay was adapted for direct detection from urine samples. The sensitivity levels achieved with urine samples was 19 CFU with 30 cycles of amplification and 0.5 CFU with 40 cycles of amplification. This PCR assay for the specific detection of S. saprophyticus is simple and rapid (approximately 90 min, including the time for urine specimen preparation).

A simple and rapid procedure for the direct detection of cytomegalovirus in urine samples

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Landini ◽  
M. X. Guan ◽  
A. Ripalti ◽  
T. Lazzarotto ◽  
M. La Placa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Detection ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Rapid Procedure

scholarly journals Rapid direct detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in clinical urine samples by MALDI-TOF MS analysis

2017 ◽  
pp. dkw579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Oviaño ◽  
Cecilia de la Luna Ramírez ◽  
Luis Pedro Barbeyto ◽  
Germán Bou
Keyword(s):  
Direct Detection ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Tof Ms

scholarly journals Direct Detection of Beta-Lactamase Mediated Antibiotic Resistance In Clinical Specimens

2021 ◽  
Vol 156 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S2-S2
Author(s):  
Nick Bevins ◽  
Raymond Suhandynata ◽  
Mauricio Caraballo ◽  
Sharon Reed ◽  
Pieter Dorrestein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Drug Degradation ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Empiric Treatment ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Antibiotic resistance mediated by beta-lactamase enzyme expression is a serious and growing threat. The typical workflow in a clinical microbiology lab leading to identification of beta-lactamase expressing organisms typically requires 48 to 72 hours and involves multiple manual steps. Empiric treatment with potentially ineffective antibiotics often occurs before susceptibility testing results are available. Objective: The objective of our study was to determine if beta-lactamase activity could be detected in clinical urine samples to provide same-day rule-out of select empiric treatment regimens for urinary tract infections. Methods: We acquired urine samples from 40 patients with extended spectrum beta-lactamase expressing (ESBL) infections and 100 patients without ESBL infection as determined by standard culture and sensitivity methods. These samples were incubated with spiked beta-lactam antibiotics susceptible to ESBL degradation (ceftriaxone, cefazolin, and oxacillin) or resistant to ESBL degradation (meropenem). Results: Hydrolysis of spiked drug was detected after a 4 hour incubation with either liquid-chromatography mass-spectrometry (LC-MS) or matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) methods. A 100 to 1000 fold reductions in measured concentrations of spiked ceftriaxone, cefazolin, or oxacillin were observed with LC-MS or MALDI-TOF methods for all 40 ESBL containing specimens and unchanged concentrations of spiked drug were observed in all 100 non-ESBL containing specimens. Concentration of spiked meropenem (resistant to ESBL degradation) were unchanged in all specimens after incubation regardless of ESBL status. Addition of a beta-lactamase inhibitor prevented ESBL degradation of ceftriaxone, cefazolin, and oxacillin demonstrating that beta-lactamase activity (and not another method of drug degradation or signal masking) is being detected. Incubation times as long as 24 hours (to determine method specificity) and as short as 30 minutes (to determine method sensitivity) all showed robust discrimination between ESBL-containing and non-ESBL containing specimens. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that beta-lactamase activity can be robustly detected in urine samples days before culture and susceptibility results could be available. Clinical utilization of the assay described would enable clinicians to reduce ineffective empiric treatment of ESBL urinary infections.

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