scholarly journals Increasing the Representation of Underrepresented Minority Groups in US Colleges and Schools of Pharmacy

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Underrepresented Minority

Increasing underrepresented minority cancer patient enrollment into cancer clinical trials: A systematic review.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18574-e18574
Author(s):  
Rosa Nouvini ◽  
Patricia A. Parker ◽  
Charlotte Malling ◽  
Kendra Godwin ◽  
Rosario Costas-Muñiz
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
Institutional Research ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Clinical Trial Enrollment ◽  
Recruitment Model

e18574 Background: Minorities continue to be underrepresented in clinical trials despite the National Institute of Health’s Revitalization Act, passed in 1993, mandating the representation of women and underrepresented minority groups in clinical trials. Studies have shown that although Blacks represent 15% and Hispanics 13% of the cancer population, their clinical trial enrollment rates in are disproportionately low at 4-6% and 3-6% respectively. We conducted a systematic review exploring interventions aimed at improving clinical trial enrollment for racial and ethnic minorities. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Ovid PsycINFO was conducted for English-language studies of humans since 1993. Inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed, U.S.-based studies with interventions aimed to recruit underrepresented minority adult cancer patients into cancer clinical trials. We defined underrepresented minority groups as Black, Hispanic/Latino, Asian, American Indian/Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander. Results: A total of 2471 titles and abstracts were identified and 2324 were excluded based on the eligibility criteria. A full text review was conducted of the remaining 147 articles, of which only 9 met criteria for our review. The interventions included patient navigation/coaching (n = 4), a clinical trial educational video (n = 2), institutional research infrastructure changes (n = 1), a relationship building and social marketing recruitment model (n = 1) and cultural competency training for providers (n = 1). Studies were conducted in a variety of practice settings including national cancer institutes and community practices. The quality of evidence was limited by the heterogeneity of study methods, patient representation and bias. Several studies had a homogeneous population of Black patients. Most studies (n = 7) were single arm trials that compared results to either historical controls or those cited in the existing literature; two studies were randomized controlled trials. A statistically significant improvement in accrual was shown in three of the patient navigation interventions, one of the clinical trial educational videos, the institutional research infrastructure change and the relationship building and social marketing recruitment model. The common threads to many of these successful interventions were support through the cancer care continuum, cultural congruency of research staff and culturally catered clinical trial educational materials. Conclusions: This systematic review illustrates several mechanisms by which to increase cancer clinical trial recruitment for cancer patients of underrepresented minority backgrounds in a variety of clinical settings. Randomized controlled trials with representation of multiple races/ethnicities are needed to further explore the benefits of these interventions.

scholarly journals Empowering Women: Moving from Awareness to Action at the Immunology of Fungal Infections Gordon Research Conference

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R. Ballou ◽  
Sarah L. Gaffen ◽  
Neil A. R. Gow ◽  
Amy G. Hise
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Scientific Meeting ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Magic Bullet ◽  
Graduate Degree ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Graduate Degree Programs ◽  
Academic Advancement

Despite the high prevalence of women in graduate degree programs and equal or more women earning PhDs, MDs, and MD/PhDs, and despite efforts at individual and institutional levels to promote women in STEM fields, there remains a disparity in pay and academic advancement of women. Likewise, there is a paucity of women in top scientific and academic leadership positions. The causes of this gender disparity are complex and multi-factorial and to date no “magic bullet” approach has been successful in changing the landscape for women in academic and scientific fields. In this report we detail our experiences with a novel mechanism for promoting discussion and raising awareness of the challenges of gender disparity in the sciences. The Gordon Research Conferences (GRC) launched the Power Hour at its meetings in 2016: a dedicated, scheduled session held during the scientific meeting to facilitate discussion of challenges specific to women in science. Here we share our experience with hosting the second Power Hour at the 2019 GRC Immunology of Fungal Infections (IFI) meeting held in Galveston, TX. We will discuss the overall structure, key discussion points, and feedback from participants with the aim of supporting future efforts to empower women and underrepresented minority groups in science.

Cultural Adaptation of Preventive Interventions in Hispanic Youth

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara M. St. George ◽  
J. Rubén Parra-Cardona ◽  
Denise C. Vidot ◽  
Lourdes M. Molleda ◽  
Ana Quevedo Terán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Culturally Relevant ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Hispanic Youth ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Improve Health ◽  
The Continuum

Hispanics experience significant physical and behavioral health disparities compared to their racial and ethnic counterparts. To combat these health disparities, evidence-based interventions (EBIs) that prevent risk and promote protective factors within the broader context of culture must be systematically developed and disseminated. The purpose of this chapter is to describe key concepts related to the content and process of developing culturally relevant preventive interventions. The continuum of approaches for developing culturally relevant preventive interventions, including strengths and limitations, practical considerations, and recommendations for overcoming existing challenges, are discussed. Two exemplar preventive interventions targeting Hispanic youth and families, Criando con Amor: Promoviendo Armonia y Superación and Familias Unidas, are also highlighted. The approaches described in this chapter may maximize intervention effects and improve health outcomes for underrepresented minority groups, such as Hispanics.

scholarly journals Increasing Exposure to Programming: A Comparison of Demographic Characteristics of Students Enrolled in Introductory Computer Science Programming Courses vs. a Multidisciplinary Data Analysis Course

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Cooper ◽  
Lisa Dierker
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Introductory Programming ◽  
Sat Scores ◽  
Underrepresented Minority Students ◽  
Introductory Computer Science ◽  
Multidisciplinary Data

Upward trends in programming careers and increases in programming in less traditionally computer-oriented occupations threaten to further increase the current underrepresentation of both females and individuals from racial minority groups in these disciplines. Using administrative data (2009 – 2014), the present study compares demographic characteristics of students enrolled in a course that introduced programming: a multidisciplinary data analysis course, an introductory programming course, or an introductory computer science (CS) gateway course. The multidisciplinary data analysis course enrolled significantly more female students and students with lower Math SAT scores. Females were overrepresented in the data analysis course and underrepresented in the introductory programming and CS gateway courses relative to the larger campus community, with similar findings for underrepresented minority students. Less emphasis on traditional approaches to introductory programming and increased interdisciplinary opportunities to tackle real world questions may be one way to improve access to programming experiences for students from a wider range of educational, social and economic backgrounds.

A Growing Divide: The Promise and Pitfalls of Higher Education for the Working Class

2021 ◽  
Vol 695 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-106
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Webber
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Student Debt ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Expected Return ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
High Degree

This article is an analysis of recent dynamics in U.S. higher education, paying particular attention to how the market for higher education has changed since the Great Recession and how those changes have affected the working class. I examine the evolution of higher education over the past decade from the perspectives of both students and institutions, and document ways in which the Great Recession exacerbated inequality in access to college and outcomes among those who attend. While the expected return to attending college remains high, the downside risk (driven largely by student debt and a high degree of noncompletion) is also nontrivial. As in many other contexts, the burden of this risk is not shared equally across the population but is shouldered most acutely by students from low-income backgrounds, particularly among underrepresented minority groups.

Anticipated and Experienced Ethnic/Racial Discrimination and Sleep: A Longitudinal Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1724-1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amie M. Gordon ◽  
Aric A. Prather ◽  
Tessa Dover ◽  
Kathy Espino-Pérez ◽  
Payton Small ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Low Income ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Transition To College ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
Stressful Experience

The transition to college is a stressful experience. For members of underrepresented minority groups, the usual stresses are frequently accompanied by ethnicity-based stressors, including discrimination. This longitudinal study extends prior work on discrimination by examining the prospective associations between anticipated and experienced ethnic/racial discrimination and sleep, a ubiquitous and basic biological need critical for optimal functioning. In a sample of 274 low-income/first-generation Latinx students, results from a cross-lagged panel model revealed that both the anticipation and experience of discrimination at the beginning of college uniquely predicted worsening sleep quality over the second half of freshmen year, controlling for relevant covariates. There was also some evidence for bidirectionality, with poor sleepers experiencing more discrimination. These findings add to the literature linking discrimination and sleep, both of which play large roles in mental, physical, social, and academic outcomes.

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