Potential impact of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea on mandibular cortical width dimensions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia Carolina Fernandes Fagundes ◽  
Fabrizia d’Apuzzo ◽  
Letizia Perillo ◽  
Andreu Puigdollers ◽  
David Gozal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cortical Width ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Mandibular Cortical Width

scholarly journals Sleep-Disordered Breathing Is Associated with Reduced Mandibular Cortical Width in Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
H. Eimar ◽  
M.A.Q. Al-Saleh ◽  
A.R.G. Cortes ◽  
D. Gozal ◽  
D. Graf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Cortical Width ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Mandibular Cortical Width ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Introduction: Evidence from the adult population suggests that sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) (i.e., obstructive sleep apnea [OSA]) is negatively associated with bone mineral density. Whether a similar association exists in children with SDB has not been investigated. Using the mandibular cortical width (MCW) as a proxy for skeletal bone density, we investigated if children at risk of SDB or diagnosed with OSA have a reduced mandibular cortical width compared to children without SDB. Methods: Two retrospective cross-sectional studies were performed. The first study included comparison of MCW between 24 children with polysomnographically (PSG) diagnosed OSA and 72 age- and sex-matched control children. The second study included a cohort of children in which SDB was suggested by the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) ( n = 101). MCW was measured from panoramic radiographs. Results: Multiple-predictors regression analysis from the first study indicated that in children with a severe form of SDB, as induced by OSA severity, there was a negative association with MCW (β = –0.290, P = 0.049). Moreover, PSG-diagnosed OSA children had thinner MCW (2.9. ± 0.6mm) compared to healthy children (3.5 ± 0.6 mm; P = 0.002). These findings were further supported by the second study illustrating that PSQ total scores were negatively associated with MCW (β = –0.391, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Findings suggest that children at risk for or diagnosed with SDB exhibit reduced mandibular cortical width that purportedly may reflect alterations in bone homeostasis. Knowledge Transfer Statement: We report that sleep-disordered breathing (including its severe form, obstructive sleep apnea) in children is associated with reduced mandibular cortical width. This association might be a direct consequence of reduced bone health to sleep-disordered breathing or a reflection that reduced bone formation underlies the development of sleep-disordered breathing. Our findings suggest that mandibular cortical width can be used as an adjunct diagnostic parameter for the diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing.

A potential impact of Helicobacter pylori infection on both obstructive sleep apnea and atrial fibrillation-related stroke

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos Kountouras ◽  
Stergios A. Polyzos ◽  
Christos Stergiopoulos ◽  
Panagiotis Katsinelos ◽  
Dimitri Tzivras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Potential Impact

The potential impact of family history of loud Snoring and risk of Obstructive sleep apnea in overweight subjects.

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Abhishek Dubey ◽  
Surya Kant ◽  
Abbas Ali Mahdi ◽  
Sunita Tiwari ◽  
Rashmi Upadhyay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Family History ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
History Of ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Overweight Subjects

Treating Velopharyngeal Inadequacy Using Bilateral Buccal Flap Revision Palatoplasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 878-892
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Napoli ◽  
Linda D. Vallino
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Buccal Flap

Purpose The 2 most commonly used operations to treat velopharyngeal inadequacy (VPI) are superiorly based pharyngeal flap and sphincter pharyngoplasty, both of which may result in hyponasal speech and airway obstruction. The purpose of this article is to (a) describe the bilateral buccal flap revision palatoplasty (BBFRP) as an alternative technique to manage VPI while minimizing these risks and (b) conduct a systematic review of the evidence of BBFRP on speech and other clinical outcomes. A report comparing the speech of a child with hypernasality before and after BBFRP is presented. Method A review of databases was conducted for studies of buccal flaps to treat VPI. Using the principles of a systematic review, the articles were read, and data were abstracted for study characteristics that were developed a priori. With respect to the case report, speech and instrumental data from a child with repaired cleft lip and palate and hypernasal speech were collected and analyzed before and after surgery. Results Eight articles were included in the analysis. The results were positive, and the evidence is in favor of BBFRP in improving velopharyngeal function, while minimizing the risk of hyponasal speech and obstructive sleep apnea. Before surgery, the child's speech was characterized by moderate hypernasality, and after surgery, it was judged to be within normal limits. Conclusion Based on clinical experience and results from the systematic review, there is sufficient evidence that the buccal flap is effective in improving resonance and minimizing obstructive sleep apnea. We recommend BBFRP as another approach in selected patients to manage VPI. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9919352

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