scholarly journals Epidemiology and the SIR Model: Historical Context to Modern Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Francesca Bernardi
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Research ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Sir Model ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Mathematical Epidemiology ◽  
Credit Assignment ◽  
Historical Importance ◽  
Undergraduate Research Project

We suggest the use of historical documents and primary sources, as well as data and articles from recent events, to teach students about mathematical epidemiology. We propose a project suitable -- in different versions -- as part of a class syllabus, as an undergraduate research project, and as an extra credit assignment. Throughout this project, students explore mathematical, historical, and sociological aspects of the SIR model and approach data analysis and interpretation. Based on their work, students form opinions on public health decisions and related consequences. Feedback from students has been encouraging. We begin our project by having students read excerpts of documents from the early 1900s discussing the Indian plague epidemic. We then guide students through the derivation of the SIR model by analyzing the seminal 1927 Kermack and McKendrick paper, which is based on data from the Indian epidemiological event they have studied. After understanding the historical importance of the SIR model, we consider its modern applications focusing on the Ebola outbreak of 2014-2016 in West Africa. Students fit SIR models to available compiled data sets. The subtleties in the data provide opportunities for students to consider the data and SIR model assumptions critically. Additionally, social attitudes of the outbreak are explored; in particular, local attitudes towards government health recommendations.

A Comparison of Tutor and Student Conceptions of Undergraduate Research Project Work

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. J. Stefani ◽  
V.‐N. Tariq ◽  
D. J. A. Heylings ◽  
A. C. Butcher
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Research ◽  
Project Work ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Student Conceptions ◽  
Undergraduate Research Project

scholarly journals Improvement in the Implementation of Undergraduate Research Project

2013 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah ◽  
Nurina Anuar ◽  
Masli Irwan Rosli ◽  
Noorhisham Tan Kofli ◽  
Norliza Abd. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Research ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Undergraduate Research Project

scholarly journals The Almohads and the “Qur’anization” of War Narrative and Ritual

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 876
Author(s):  
Javier Albarrán
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Direct Study ◽  
War Narrative ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
Religiosity And Spirituality ◽  
War Discourse

The Almohad movement (12th–13th centuries, Islamic West) had in the return to the direct study of the primary sources of Islam—the Qur’an and the Sunna—and in jihād, two of its most important pillars of legitimation and action. In this sense, it is an ideal period to study how both realities—Qur’an and jihād—were linked in a given historical context. During the Almohad period, the use of Qur’anic verses in accounts related to war episodes became widespread. We thus witness a “Qur’anization” of the war narrative, a resource adding greater religiosity and spirituality to the context of jihād, to its elaboration and discursive representation, and to its memory and remembrance through written testimonies. In this paper I study, through the main narrative and documentary sources of the period, how the Qur’an was inserted into and adapted to the Almohad war discourse. Likewise, this approach allows me to explore how the Qur’an came to life within the framework of the Almohad jihād, how it served for its justification and legitimation, and how it formed part of the ceremony and the war protocol of the Maghrebi caliphate, thus linking itself with other discursive and propaganda mechanisms such as architecture or military parades.

Development of a Wet Wall: An Undergraduate Research Project

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Samuel ◽  
Jeremiah Henley ◽  
Said Shakerin
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Undergraduate Research ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Scholarly Activity ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Special Effects ◽  
The Arts ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Undergraduate Research Project

This paper reports an undergraduate research activity on developing a wet wall, which is among the field of water features with special effects. These fountains blend in elements of engineering and the arts in elegant ways, and as such provide an excellent medium of scholarly activity as well as learning. A team of two students worked for one semester to conduct this research. Variables such as water flow rate, wall surface texture, and method of distribution were thoroughly examined. The final apparatus was a dynamic wet wall with visually attractive features that incorporated a programmable microcontroller. The project is low cost, safe and easy to adapt at other institutions, especially in mechatronics courses. The most valuable learning outcomes for the students (the first two authors) were new knowledge about electronics and improvement in communication skills. They also enjoyed developing a visually pleasing product.

scholarly journals Constructing the rights and duties of slave-owners as socio-historic context of the New Testament

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Goede
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
Religious Context ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Legal Contexts

This article aims to construct the rights and duties of slave- owners in antiquity as part of the socio-historical context of the New Testament. In order to achieve this aim, the primary sources referring to Greek, Roman and Jewish law of slavery will first be described. Three aspects of the law of slavery, namely legal definitions of freedom and slavery, the legal status of slaves, and the rights of slave-owners are investigated in Greek, Roman and Jewish law. Relevant texts from these sources are then identified, analysed and interpreted. The re- sults of this process of analysis and interpretation are used to construct the legal context within which the exhortations directed at slave-owners in the New Testament should be read. We submit that Jewish law provided a sound alternative legal and religious context to the writers of the New Testament addressing Christian slave-owners. This alternative context functioned as a counterweight to the strict legal contexts pro- vided by Greek and Roman law.

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