scholarly journals An Analysis of Near Repeat Victimization Patterns across Crime Types

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Kikuchi ◽  
Mamoru Amemiya ◽  
Takahito Shimada ◽  
Tomonori Saito ◽  
Yutaka Harada
Keyword(s):  
Repeat Victimization ◽  
Crime Types ◽  
Near Repeat

Repeat and near-repeat victimization in Campinas, Brazil: new explanations from the Global South

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 364-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silas Nogueira de Melo ◽  
Martin A. Andresen ◽  
Lindon Fonseca Matias
Keyword(s):  
Global South ◽  
Repeat Victimization ◽  
Near Repeat

scholarly journals Increasing Inequality in Experience of Victimization During the Crime Drop: Analysing Patterns of Victimization in Scotland from 1993 to 2014–15

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 782-802
Author(s):  
Susan McVie ◽  
Paul Norris ◽  
Rebecca Pillinger
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
International Crime ◽  
Crime Reduction ◽  
Repeat Victimization ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Crime Drop ◽  
Longitudinal Approach ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Crime Types

Abstract Research on the international crime drop has predominantly focused on the nature and extent of overall crime or changes in specific crime types, but less attention has been paid to how equally the crime drop has been distributed across society. Applying a novel quasi-longitudinal approach to Scottish victimization data, this article examines changes in the prevalence, frequency and type of victimization experienced. We argue that the crime drop has resulted in an increase in inequality between those at most and least risk of being a victim of crime, especially violence. The article contributes to theoretical debates on the crime drop, crime inequality and distributive justice, and provides policy recommendations on the importance of crime reduction strategies that target repeat victimization.

‘Surfing’ burglaries with forced entry in Catalonia: Large-scale testing of near repeat victimization theory

2020 ◽  
pp. 147737082096810
Author(s):  
Pere Boqué ◽  
Laura Serra ◽  
Marc Saez
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Point Processes ◽  
Criminological Theory ◽  
Repeat Victimization ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Large Scale Testing ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Near Repeat ◽  
Do So

In recent years, various academic studies have proposed crime forecasting models based on the concept of repeat victimization. Some of them have been modelled from the area of differential equations and others from the perspective of spatio-temporal statistics, within the framework of point processes. These models have tended towards a certain sophistication in their formulation, which at times impedes understanding of the predictive mechanism and how it adapts to different realities. Predictive models that function well in one environment or society do not appear to do so in others. In this article, the possibility of crime forecasting for burglaries with forced entry in Catalonia is studied from the perspective of near repeat victimization on a larger territorial scale than is usual. To this effect, the explicative and predictive possibilities of this criminological theory are explored and a predictive system that does not require mathematical or statistical models is proposed. We found that a large part of the series of burglaries with forced entry in residences in Catalonia between 2014 and 2015 follow patterns of near repeat victimization. In addition, the average intensity of burglaries in space–time was high, as was the standard deviation. This system is adaptable to different environments and gives police forces the opportunity to improve preventative strategies and to optimize resources using standard tools. Last, the limitations of this approach are debated and new lines of investigation proposed that could increase its predictive capacity without abandoning the concept of repeat victimization.

Near-repeat burglary patterns in Malmö: Stability and change over time

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hoppe ◽  
Manne Gerell
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Repeat Victimization ◽  
Full Dataset ◽  
Local Police ◽  
Complete Dataset ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Repeat Burglary ◽  
Near Repeat ◽  
Individual Dataset

It is well established that previous crime events are valuable indicators for the prediction of future crime. Near-repeat burglaries are incidents that occur in close proximity in space and time to an initial burglary. The current study analyses near-repeat victimization patterns in Malmö, Sweden’s third-largest city. The data, provided by the local police, cover a six-year time frame from 2009 to 2014. The complete dataset, as well as each year’s individual dataset, was analysed using Ratcliffe’s Near Repeat Calculator version 1.3. Results reveal significant near-repeat victimization patterns. For the full dataset, an observed/expected ratio of 2.83 was identified for the first week after an initial incident and an area of 100 metres surrounding the original burglary. Separate analyses of each individual year reveal both similarities and differences between years. Some years manifest near-repeat patterns at longer spatial and temporal distances, indicating a need for further studies on the variability of near repeats. Preventive strategies that include both private and public actors need to be intensified and focused on the first two weeks after a burglary.

A Near Repeat Examination of Economic Crimes

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1319-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary A. Powell ◽  
Jonathan A. Grubb ◽  
Matt R. Nobles
Keyword(s):  
Credit Card ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Repeat Victimization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Repeat Examination ◽  
Near Repeat ◽  
Economic Crimes

Criminological inquiry has recently showcased increased attention toward the near repeat phenomenon, which suggests that following an initial criminal event, there is an increased risk for the occurrence of the same type of event spatially and temporally proximate to the initiating event. The majority of previous research tends focuses on the patterns related to violent and conventional property crimes but neglects to examine other economic-related crimes. Given the significant costs associated with this crime type, unpacking hidden patterns may be useful in identifying high-risk areas and deploying appropriate countermeasures. The current study builds on previous examinations of the near repeat phenomenon through the exploration of specific economic crimes (counterfeiting, credit card/ATM fraud, false pretense/swindling) using 6 years of crime data from the Fort Worth (Texas) Police Department. Although near repeat patterns were discovered across multiple analyses, the greatest risk across all analyses was for repeat victimization at the same location. A discussion of policy implications, limitations, and areas for future research are also provided.

Exploring the Impact of Dysfunctional Posttraumatic Survival Responses on Crime Revictimization

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 670-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten Jacob Johannes Kunst ◽  
Frans Willem Winkel
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Startle Response ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Repeat Victimization ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Victim Compensation ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Crime Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ptsd Symptomatology

This study investigated the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and repeat victimization across crime types in survivors of traumatic interpersonal violence. An evolutionary psychological perspective was adopted to propose that symptoms of hyperarousal (particularly hypervigilance, exaggerated startle response, and irritability or outbursts of anger) and numbing predict revictimization. These symptoms may act as manifestations of dysfunctional survival responses. Survival responses are adaptive in life-threatening situations but may work counterproductive in the absence of immediate threat. Participants were recruited through the Dutch Victim Compensation Fund (DVCF; N = 233). PTSD symptomatology was assessed between October and December 2007. Revictimization was measured 6 months later. Results were partly in line with expectations. Exaggerated startle response and symptoms of irritability or outbursts of anger but not hypervigilance and numbing were related to revictimization.

scholarly journals Breaking the chain: How arrests reduce the probability of near repeat crimes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Palmer Wheeler ◽  
Jordan R. Riddell ◽  
Cory P. Haberman
Keyword(s):  
Police Department ◽  
Property Crime ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Crime Types ◽  
Temporal Dimensions ◽  
Near Repeat

Objectives: Near repeat patterns have been identified for a host of different crimes, but effective strategies to reduce near repeats have had more variable results. This study identifies near repeat crime patterns in Dallas, Texas and examines the effects of an arrest on reducing the probability of future crime. Method: Using open source crime data from the Dallas Police Department from July 2014 through June 2018, we identified near repeat patterns for shootings, interpersonal robberies, residential burglaries, and thefts from motor vehicles. Logistic regression models were used to test the effect of an arrest on reducing near repeat crimes; controls for geographic, demographic, and temporal factors were included in each model. Results: Near repeat calculations suggest violent crime clustered closely in time and space, with property crime dispersed over larger spatial and temporal dimensions. Across all four crime types, findings suggest arrests resulted in 20% to 40% reductions in a near repeat follow up crime.Conclusions: In line with past research on shootings, arrests reduced the likelihood of subsequent crimes. This suggests policing strategies to increase arrests may be a fruitful way to reduce near repeat crime patterns.Code to replicate the analysis can be found at:https://www.dropbox.com/sh/72q0i7wm60ndqve/AABgFB8zwGHG6xjExvaD01EGa?dl=0.

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