scholarly journals Influence of Body Fat Percentage, Muscle Mass, Protein, and Mineral Abundance on Decreasing Handgrip Strength in Community-dwelling Older Adults: A 1-year Longitudinal Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (0) ◽  
pp. 422-429
Author(s):  
Tomoko Fujita ◽  
Tomoyo Hishida ◽  
Kazuko Maruyama
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Physical Factors in Age-Related Physical Performance Decline in Older Adults at Lembaga Lansia Indonesia, West Java Branch

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Vitriana ◽  
Irma Ruslina Defi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
West Java ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

The aging process is associated with increased body fat and decreased muscle mass and strength in older adults. This condition is frequently associated with loss of mobility and functions. This study aimed to explore the relationship between physical performance and handgrip strength, body composition, and anthropometry in community-dwelling older adults living in Bandung, West Java Province, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was performed from December 2015 to June 2016 on community-dwelling older adults above 60 years old who were the members of the West Java Branch of Lembaga Lansia Indonesia, Indonesia, with the ability to walk without an assistive device and to perform hand grip properly as an additional inclusion criterion. Subjects were excluded if they experienced severe cardiorespiratory or vascular abnormalities, used artificial implants, underwent hormone therapy, and had any disease that would affect the accuracy of the variable measurement. A total of 106 subjects (60-85 years old) participated in this study. A significant negative correlation between total body fat and physical performance and a positive correlation between handgrip strength to physical performance were observed among subjects. However, no correlation was found between the anthropometric measurement and physical performance. The total body fat percentage, muscle mass index, and handgrip strength correlate significantly to the physical performance in older adults and may be used as a good indicator to preserve physical function and quality of life in the elderly.

scholarly journals Body composition associations with muscle strength in older adults living in Auckland, New Zealand

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0250439
Author(s):  
Anne N. Hiol ◽  
Pamela R. von Hurst ◽  
Cathryn A. Conlon ◽  
Owen Mugridge ◽  
Kathryn L. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background Aging is associated with decreases in muscle strength and simultaneous changes in body composition, including decreases in muscle mass, muscle quality and increases in adiposity. Methods Adults (n = 369; 236 females) aged 65–74 years living independently were recruited from the cross-sectional Researching Eating Activity and Cognitive Health (REACH) study. Body fat percentage and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) (sum of lean mass in the arms and legs) were assessed using Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (Hologic, QDR Discovery A). The ASM index was calculated by ASM (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared. Isometric grip strength was measured using a hand grip strength dynamometer (JAMAR HAND). Results Linear regression analyses revealed that muscle strength was positively associated with the ASM index (R2 = 0.431, p < 0.001). When exploring associations between muscle strength and muscle mass according to obesity classifications (obesity ≥30% males; ≥40% females), muscle mass was a significant predictor of muscle strength in non-obese participants. However, in participants with obesity, muscle mass was no longer a significant predictor of muscle strength. Conclusions Body fat percentage should be considered when measuring associations between muscle mass and muscle strength in older adults.

Normative Fitness Performance Scores of Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Spain

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narcís Gusi ◽  
Josue Prieto ◽  
Pedro R. Olivares ◽  
Serafin Delgado ◽  
Fabian Quesada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Specific Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to obtain normative age-specific fitness scores for the general population of community-dwelling older adults in Spain. In total, 6,449 participants (5,610 women and 839 men) age 60–99 yr who lived in the region of Extremadura were recruited. Compared with the cohorts of similar studies in other countries, this cohort had more physically inactive elderly participants and participants with a higher body-fat percentage. All test results declined as age increased. Sex differences in the age-related decline in fat and body mass were observed. Women scored better in the flexibility tests, and men performed better in the other tests. These data may be highly useful for the age-specific assessment of the fitness performance of older adults and the design of programs that promote functional ability in older adults.

scholarly journals Skeletal Muscle Mass and Higher-Level Functional Capacity in Female Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6692
Author(s):  
Shuichi Wakayama ◽  
Yoshihiko Fujita ◽  
Keisuke Fujii ◽  
Takeshi Sasaki ◽  
Hiroshi Yuine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Female Community ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Purpose: In this study, our purpose was to examine the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and higher-level functional capacity in female community-dwelling older adults. Participant(s) and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we targeted 55 female community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and above participating in long-term care prevention classes in Ibaraki Prefecture between 2018 and 2020. We excluded individuals with cognitive impairment and those judged as having sarcopenia. The variables of interest included age, height, weight, body mass index, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), handgrip strength, step count, and family structure. We calculated the SMI by dividing the extremities’ total lean mass by the square of the height (in m), while the number of steps was calculated using the three-axis accelerometer Actigraph GT3X®. We measured skeletal muscle mass via bioelectrical impedance analysis using the InBody270 body composition analyzer and muscular strength as grip strength. Results: We observed significant relationships between skeletal muscle mass and Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC) (β = 0.336, p < 0.01) and handgrip strength (β = 0.230). Conclusion: In this study, a relationship between skeletal muscle mass and higher-level functional capacity was demonstrated among elderly female community residents.

Physical Activity and Adiposity Among Older Adults of the EVIDENT Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
José I. Recio-Rodríguez ◽  
Natalia Sanchez-Aguadero ◽  
Emiliano Rodríguez-Sánchez ◽  
Vicente Martinez-Vizcaino ◽  
Carlos Martin-Cantera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Objective Measurements ◽  
Number Of Patients

This study determined the relationship between self-reported and objective measurements of physical activity with adiposity markers in a random sample of community-dwelling older adults. The sample included 439 individuals over 65 years (age 71.1 ± 7.8; 54.2% women). Regular physical activity information was collected using self-reported (questionnaire, 7-day-PAR) and objective measurements (accelerometer ActiGraph GT3X) over 7 days. Anthropometric parameters included body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist circumference. The number of patients considered active was 28% according to the results of 7-day PAR, and 69% according to objective measures of accelerometry. With every daily increase of 10 min of sedentary activity, the BMI, body fat percentage, and waist circumference values increased by 0.04 units, 0.14%, and 0.14 cm, respectively. According to the accelerometry data, being active was a protective factor for presenting obesity criteria (OR = 0.34, CI 95% 0.19–0.59). Objective but non self-reported physical activity was associated with adiposity markers in older adults.

scholarly journals Sex-Specific Differences in the Effect of Free Testosterone on Sarcopenia Components in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Eun Shin ◽  
Jeremy D. Walston ◽  
Miji Kim ◽  
Chang Won Won
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

ObjectiveThe association of free testosterone (FT) with sarcopenia and its components is well known in men but incompletely understood in women. We examined the association of baseline FT with the prevalence and incidence of sarcopenia and its components in community-dwelling older adults.DesignCross-sectional and longitudinal analysis from the prospective population-based Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study.MethodsA total of 1,879 community-dwelling older adults aged 70–84 years were enrolled for cross-sectional analysis and 1,583 subjects who participated in the 2-year follow-up survey were included for longitudinal analysis. Baseline FT levels was measured by radioimmunoassay. Skeletal muscle mass, handgrip strength, and physical performance tests were measured at baseline and after 2-year follow-up. Sarcopenia was defined by the diagnostic criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS).ResultsContinuous FT levels was positively associated with the prevalence of sarcopenia in men (odds ratio [OR]=0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.89–1.00)] and women (OR=0.64, 95% CI=0.42–0.99) after adjusting for multiple confounders. In prospective analysis, low FT levels was associated with a decrease in handgrip strength in women (β=-0.61; p=0.010) and a reduction in Timed “Up and Go” (TUG) test (β=0.53; p=0.008) in men after 2 years. No significant correlations were found between FT levels and the incidence of sarcopenia.ConclusionsLow levels of FT may be a significant determinant of decreases in muscle strength in women and declines in physical performance in men after 2 years. Low FT do not predict loss of muscle mass in both men and women.

scholarly journals Bedside Ultrasound Measures of Muscle Mass and Frailty Measures in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 269-269
Author(s):  
Kenneth Madden ◽  
Boris Feldman ◽  
Shane Arishenkoff ◽  
Graydon Meneilly
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Geriatric Medicine ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Vancouver General Hospital ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Frailty Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract The age-associated loss of muscle mass and strength in older adults is called sarcopenia, and it is associated with increased rates of falls, fractures, hospitalizations and death. Sarcopenia is one of the most common physical etiologies for increased frailty in older adults, and some recent work has suggested the use of Point-of care ultrasound (PoCUS) measures as a potential measure of muscle mass. The objective of this study was to examine the association of PoCUS measures of muscle thickness (MT) with measures of frailty in community-dwelling older adults. We recruited 150 older adults (age &gt;= 65; mean age 80.0±0.5 years, 66 women, 84 men) sequentially from 5 geriatric medicine clinics (Vancouver General Hospital). We measured lean muscle mass (LMM, by bioimpedance assay) and an ultrasonic measure of muscle quantity (MT, vastus medialis muscle thickness) in all subjects, as well as two outcome measures of frailty (FFI, Fried Frailty Index; RCFS, Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale). In our models, MT showed an inverse correlation with the FFI (Standardized β=-0.2320±0.107, p=0.032) but no significant correlation with the RCFS (Standardized β = -0.025±0.086, p=0.776). LMM showed no significant association with either FFI (Standardized β=-0.232±0.120, p=0.055) or RCFS (Standardized β = -0.043±0.119, p=0.719). Our findings indicate that PoCUS measures show potential as a way to screen for physical manifestations of frailty and might be superior to other bedside methods such as bioimpedance assay. However, PoCUS measures of muscle thickness will likely miss patients showing frailty in the much broader context captured by the RCFS.

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