scholarly journals Electrical Impedance Spectroscopic Studies on Broiler Chicken Tissue Suitable for the Development of Practical Phantoms in Multifrequency EIT

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar Kanti Bera ◽  
J. Nagaraju
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Bathing Medium ◽  
Tissue Block ◽  
Impedance Imaging ◽  
Chicken Muscle

Abstract Phantoms are essential for assessing the system performance in Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT). Saline phantoms with insulator inhomogeneity fail to mimic the physiological structure of real body tissue in several aspects. Saline or any other salt solution is purely resistive and hence studying multifrequency EIT systems cannot be assessed with saline phantoms because the response of the purely resistive materials do not change over frequency. Animal tissues show a variable response over a wide band of signal frequency due to their complex physiological and physiochemical structures and hence they can be suitably used as bathing medium and inhomogeneity in the phantoms of multifrequency EIT systems. An efficient assessment of a multifrequency EIT system with a real tissue phantom needs a prior knowledge of the impedance profile of the bathing medium as well as the inhomogeneity. In this direction Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) studies on broiler chicken muscle tissue paste, muscle tissue blocks and fat tissue blocks are conducted over a wide range of signal frequency using impedance analyzers, and their impedance profiles are analyzed. Results show that the chicken muscle tissue paste is less resistive than the fat tissue and hence it can be used successfully as the bathing medium of the phantoms for impedance imaging in multifrequency EIT. Fat tissue is found more resistive than the muscle tissue which makes it more suitable for the inhomogeneity in phantoms of impedance imaging study. Moreover, as there is a large difference between the resistivities of muscle tissue and fat tissue they can be used as either inhomogeneity or background medium. EIS studies also show that the variations in the impedance parameters of a muscle tissue block are greater than in the tissue paste as the cell membrane structures are destroyed in tissue paste. Results also show that the α and β dispersions are visible in all the parameters of both the tissue samples, but both the dispersions are larger in the muscle tissue block. The Nyquist plot obtained for the muscle tissue block demonstrates that the equivalent electric model of the tissue sample contains Warburg impedance and a constant phase element.

scholarly journals Use of metallic nanoparticles for characterization of muscle tissue by electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Gustavo Moreno González-Teran ◽  
Andrea Ceja-Fernandez ◽  
Rosario Galindo-González ◽  
José Marco Balleza-Ordaz
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Chicken Muscle

Objectives. The electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is relatively new technique used in medicine. The main problems that should be solved are its low resolution and that it fails to distinguish between tissue types, so some kind of the contrast should be applied. Magnetical nanoparticles have been used for imaging and other medical applications. For that reason, our research group decided to analyse the changes of electrical properties of chicken muscle tissue caused by three different types of metal nanoparticles at 50KHz. Methodology. Bio-Logic Science Instruments SP-150 was used as EIS device. Three different particles were analysed: two types of nanomagnetite (NM1 and NM2) and one of Gold particles (GNP). NM1 and NM2 samples were synthetized by coprecipitation and combustion method, respectively. GNP were synthetized by Turkevich method. Nanoparticles were characterized by SEM and RAMAN spectroscopy. Four needles were placed in each chicken breast to connect the EIS device. Measurements were obtained from each chicken breast at basal stage and after being injected with nanoparticles. Data was analyzed by bode graphics (module and phase). Contribution. The major changes of electrical properties of tissue were evidenced by using NM1 and GNP.

scholarly journals The Effect of Formalin Addition on the Electrical Impedance of White Shrimp

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
High Water Content

Shrimp is one of the important protein sources for diet. Shrimp has high water content, causing quick spoilage of the product and degradation of its quality from post-harvesting to end-consumers. The use of formalin to prolong the shelf life of shrimp has become a raised issue in the food safety field as formalin could have negative impacts on human health. Therefore, its use in food products is prohibited. The electrical impedance spectroscopy could be used to detect the food additives such as formalin in shrimp. This paper discusses the impedance of the shrimp after soaked in formalin solution. The shrimp samples were soaked in the different concentrations of formalin solution and stored for five days. The shrimp without formalin was used as a control sample. The electrical properties of the shrimp samples were measured using the electrical impedance spectroscopy method using frequency from 1 Hz to 1 MHz each day. The results show that the impedance of the shrimp decrease with an increase of the storage time. The shrimp with formalin experience a slower degradation compared to the shrimp without formalin. Higher the formalin concentrations (10% - 40%) added to the shrimp causes a slower texture change on the shrimp compared to lower formation concentrations (1%-5%). The impedance of the shrimp decrease with the increase of injected signal frequency. The electrical impedance spectroscopy has the potential to be developed as a tool in food safety field to detect food additives contained in the food to ensure the safety of the food products to the consumers.

scholarly journals Bioelectrical Impedance Methods for Noninvasive Health Monitoring: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar Kanti Bera
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Impedance Plethysmography ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Impedance Tomography

Under the alternating electrical excitation, biological tissues produce a complex electrical impedance which depends on tissue composition, structures, health status, and applied signal frequency, and hence the bioelectrical impedance methods can be utilized for noninvasive tissue characterization. As the impedance responses of these tissue parameters vary with frequencies of the applied signal, the impedance analysis conducted over a wide frequency band provides more information about the tissue interiors which help us to better understand the biological tissues anatomy, physiology, and pathology. Over past few decades, a number of impedance based noninvasive tissue characterization techniques such as bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), electrical impedance plethysmography (IPG), impedance cardiography (ICG), and electrical impedance tomography (EIT) have been proposed and a lot of research works have been conducted on these methods for noninvasive tissue characterization and disease diagnosis. In this paper BIA, EIS, IPG, ICG, and EIT techniques and their applications in different fields have been reviewed and technical perspective of these impedance methods has been presented. The working principles, applications, merits, and demerits of these methods has been discussed in detail along with their other technical issues followed by present status and future trends.

scholarly journals Monitoring Contractile Cardiomyocytes via Impedance Using Multipurpose Thin Film Ruthenium Oxide Electrodes

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1433
Author(s):  
Esther Tanumihardja ◽  
Douwe S. de Bruijn ◽  
Rolf H. Slaats ◽  
Wouter Olthuis ◽  
Albert van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Ruthenium Oxide ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Visual Data ◽  
Oxide Electrodes ◽  
Pt Electrodes ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Frequency Components

A ruthenium oxide (RuOx) electrode was used to monitor contractile events of human pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) through electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Using RuOx electrodes presents an advantage over standard thin film Pt electrodes because the RuOx electrodes can also be used as electrochemical sensor for pH, O2, and nitric oxide, providing multisensory functionality with the same electrode. First, the EIS signal was validated in an optically transparent well-plate setup using Pt wire electrodes. This way, visual data could be recorded simultaneously. Frequency analyses of both EIS and the visual data revealed almost identical frequency components. This suggests both the EIS and visual data captured the similar events of the beating of (an area of) hPSC-CMs. Similar EIS measurement was then performed using the RuOx electrode, which yielded comparable signal and periodicity. This mode of operation adds to the versatility of the RuOx electrode’s use in in vitro studies.

A Rapid Approach to Measure Extracted Chlorophyll-a from Lettuce Leaves using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakibul Islam Chowdhury ◽  
Rinku Basak ◽  
Khan Arif Wahid ◽  
Katy Nugent ◽  
Helen Baulch
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy

scholarly journals Study of Reduced Graphene Oxide Dispersions via Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 1679-1685
Author(s):  
Angeliki-Eirini Dimou ◽  
Ioanna Sakellariou ◽  
George M. Maistros ◽  
Nikolaos D. Alexopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Reduced Graphene
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