scholarly journals Reading and the Profession: On the Literary Education of English School Teachers

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Katherina Dodou

AbstractThe article addresses the question of how English departments best can teach literature and literary reading to future upper secondary school teachers of English. It approaches the question in terms of the literary scholar’s contribution to the professional education and practice of school teachers in Sweden. The article combines metacognitive analyses of disciplinary ways of thinking with profession theory to reflect on the literary content knowledge upper secondary school teachers need for their teaching practice. It outlines key differences between the understanding of what reading literature entails in academia and in upper secondary education, respectively, and it points out that current academic practices for teaching literature rely on a narrow understanding of what school teachers need to know about literature and literary reading to exercise their professional judgement concerning literature in the language classroom. Advocating a change in our academic teaching practices, the article proposes that literary debates over reading also be incorporated and that the principles and procedures underpinning professional modes of reading literature be explicitly articulated. This means verbalising underlying theoretical assumptions about the value of literature and of reading it and explicating interpretative conventions and tools, alongside the skills involved in literary reading. Such a teaching practice, the article posits, is not merely key to developing school teachers’ content knowledge regarding literature and reading. It is also a prerequisite for the development of their pedagogical reasoning when it comes to the uses of literature and to the affordances and limitations of literary reading in the school classroom.Keywords: literary reading, teacher education, metacognition, professional practice, disciplinary thinking, content knowledge, upper secondary schoolLäsning och professionen:Om litteraturutbildningen för skollärare i engelskaSammanfattningArtikeln tar sig an frågan om hur akademiska engelskämnen bäst kan undervisa litteratur och litteraturläsning för gymnasielärarstudenter i engelska. Den närmar sig frågan i termer av litteraturvetarens bidrag till gymnasielärares professionsutbildning och -utövande i Sverige. Artikeln kombinerar metakognitiva analyser av ämnesspecifika tankesätt med professionsteori för att resonera kring de ämneskunskaper som framtida gymnasielärare behöver för sin lärargärning. Artikeln belyser viktiga skillnader i förståelsen av vad litteraturläsning innebär inom akademin respektive i gymnasieskolan, och den granskar kritiskt förhärskande akademiska praktiker för litteraturstudier inom ämnet. Den påpekar att rådande praktiker bygger på en snäv syn av de ämneskunskaper gymnasielärare behöver och föreslår ett förnyat fokus på ämneskunskaperna som krävs för att gymnasielärare ska kunna utöva sitt professionella omdöme om den engelskspråkiga litteraturens plats i språkundervisningen. Artikeln förordar att akademiska litteraturstudier också inlemmar litteratur-vetenskapliga samtal om litteraturläsning i utbildningen och explicit formulerar de principer och tillvägagångssätt som ligger till grund för professionella sätt att läsa litteratur. Det innebär att verbalisera teoriers underliggande antaganden om litteraturens och litteraturläsningens värde och även ämnesområdets principer och verktyg för texttolkning samt färdigheterna som krävs för litteraturläsning. En sådan undervisningspraktik skulle bidra till en stadigare grund för gymnasielärares ämneskunskaper. Den är också en förutsättning för att lärarstudenter ska utveckla sitt pedagogiska tänkande vad gäller litteraturens och litteraturläsningens möjligheter och begränsningar i gymnasieskolans engelskundervisning.Nyckelord: litteraturläsning, ämneslärarutbildning, metakognition, professions¬utövning, ämnesspecifika tankesätt, ämneskunskap, gymnasieskola

Author(s):  
Petr Hlaďo ◽  
Jaroslava Dosedlová ◽  
Klára Harvánková ◽  
Petr Novotný ◽  
Jaroslav Gottfried ◽  
...  

Maintaining and promoting teachers’ work ability is essential for increasing productivity and preventing early exit from the teaching profession. This study aimed to identify the predictors of work ability among upper-secondary school teachers and examine the mediating role of burnout. A large and diverse group of Czech upper-secondary school teachers was surveyed to address this goal. The sample comprised 531 upper-secondary school teachers (50.0 ± 9.94 years, 19.9 ± 10.62 in the teaching profession, 57.6% females). Relatively greater empirical support was found for the effects of burnout, sense of coherence, work–life balance, and perceived relationships in the school environment on work ability than for the impact of age, homeroom teacher duties, workload, and caring for elderly relatives. Furthermore, burnout served as an important mediator of the relationship between sense of coherence and work ability. Teachers with a higher sense of coherence are thus better able to cope with adverse work circumstances and identify and mobilize internal and external resources to prevent professional exhaustion and the subsequent decline in work ability. The study can guide interventions on the work ability of teachers.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Aasen Godoy ◽  
Rannveig Kaldager Hart ◽  
Maja Weemes Groetting

To balance children's right to schooling with contagion management, knowing how school re-openings affect the spread of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial. This paper considers effects on testing and positive tests for SARS-CoV-2 of re-opening Norwegian schools after a six-week closure to reduce contagion. We estimate the effect of school re-opening for teachers, parents and students using an event study/difference-in-differences design with comparison groups with minimal exposure to in-person schooling. We find no evidence that incidence increased following re-opening for either students, parents, or teachers pooled across grade levels. We find some suggestive evidence that infection rates among upper secondary school teachers increased; however, quantitatively, the effects are small and transitory. At low levels of contagion, schools can safely be re-opened when other social distancing policies remain in place.


2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Helleve ◽  
Marit Ulvik ◽  
Kari Smith

Målet med denne studien er å undersøke hvordan lærere forstår og tolker sitt profesjonelle handlingsrom og hvordan de, basert på denne erfaringen, har opplevd å nå sine egne mål over tid. Studien, som er del av en internasjonal studie, bygger på observasjoner, intervjuer og story-lines fra seks lærere ved tre videregående skoler. Lærerne er av ledelsen utpekt til å være lærere som utnytter det handlingsrommet de har og som selv tar styring på hvordan de praktiserer lærerjobben. Funnene viser at lærerne langt på vei tolker og endrer rammer og regelverk i tråd med egne mål – også lærere innenfor samme kontekst. De fleste lærerne opplever at de utnytter og har utnyttet et større handlingsrom enn de erfarer å ha med bakgrunn i rammer og pålegg. Dette resultatet skiller seg fra de to andre landene som deltar i den internasjonale studien. Konklusjonen er at kunnskap om læreres forståelse av sitt profesjonelle handlingsrom kan bidra til refleksjon over egen lærerrolle og til ny innsikt i skoleutvikling.Nøkkelord: profesjonelt handlingsrom, videregående skole, lærereTeachers’ professional space – How it is experienced and utilizedAbstractThe aim of the study is to examine teachers’ understanding and interpretation of their professional space, and how they experience having possibilities to practice their pedagogical beliefs throughout their careers. The study, which is part of an international study, is built on observations, interviews and story-lines from six teachers in three Norwegian upper secondary schools. These are teachers viewed by their principals as independent teachers exploiting their professional space when practicing teaching. Findings show that to a large extent teachers interpret and change frames and rules according to their own pedagogical beliefs. Teachers working in the same schools respond differently to school regulations. Most of the teachers claim to have more space than what they perceive external rules and frameworks allow for. This finding differs from the two other participating countries in the international study, in which obedience to external regulations was strong. The conclusion reached in this paper is that additional knowledge about teachers’ perceptions of their professional space will contribute to ways in which reflection of practice and professional role can be enhanced, and thereby support school development.Keywords: professional space, upper secondary school, teachers


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