scholarly journals Deaths, disability-adjusted life years and years of life lost due to elevated systolic blood pressure in Poland: estimates for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Tomasz Miazgowski ◽  
Aleksandra Taszarek ◽  
Katarzyna Widecka ◽  
Bartosz Miazgowski ◽  
Katarzyna Homa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Elevated Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Disease Study

scholarly journals Aumento da carga de dengue no Brasil e unidades federadas, 2000 e 2015: análise do Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdelaine Etelvina Miranda de Araújo ◽  
Juliana Maria Trindade Bezerra ◽  
Frederico Figueiredo Amâncio ◽  
Valéria Maria de Azeredo Passos ◽  
Mariângela Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

RESUMO: Objetivo: Descrever as principais métricas sobre dengue geradas pelo Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2015, para o Brasil e suas 27 unidades federadas, nos anos de 2000 e 2015. Métodos: As métricas descritas foram: taxas de incidência e de mortalidade por dengue, padronizadas por idade, years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD) e disability adjusted life years (DALY) (frequência absoluta e taxas padronizadas por idade). As métricas estimadas foram apresentadas com intervalos de incerteza (II 95%) para 2000 e 2015, acompanhadas da variação relativa percentual. Resultados: Verificou-se aumento de 232,7% no número de casos e de 639,0% no número de mortes entre os anos de 2000 e 2015 no país. A taxa de incidência variou 184,3% e a taxa de mortalidade mostrou-se baixa, mas com aumento de 500,0% no período avaliado. As taxas de YLL, YLD e DALY aumentaram 420,0, 187,2 e 266,1%, respectivamente. Em 2015, DALY foi semelhante entre mulheres e homens (21,9/100.000). O DALY aumentou mais que o dobro em todas as unidades da federação. Conclusão: O aumento acentuado de dengue ao longo dos anos associa-se à introdução e/ou circulação de um ou mais sorotipos do vírus e crescente proporção de pacientes acometidos pela forma grave da doença. Apesar da baixa taxa de mortalidade, a dengue contribui para considerável perda de anos saudáveis de vida no Brasil por acometer elevado número de pessoas, de todas as faixas etárias, ocasionando algum grau de incapacidade durante a infecção sintomática, e em razão dos óbitos, principalmente, em crianças.

Life Years at Stake

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Andreas Mogensen
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Ethical Basis

In quantifying the global burden of disease in terms of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), we must determine both Years of Life Lost (YLLs) and Years Lost to Disability (YLDs). In setting priorities for global health, many have felt that YLLs should not always simply equal life expectancy at death. To this end, Dean Jamison and colleagues recommend the use of a DALY metric that incorporates Acquisition of Life Potential (ALP). When an individual dies, the YLLs that we would otherwise count are multiplied by the value of the ALP function, which rises gradually from 0 to 1 during the first stages of an individual’s life. Jamison et al. do not provide a detailed philosophical justification for the use of gradual ALP. In this chapter I explain why I believe the Time-Relative Interest Account represents the most plausible ethical basis for the ALP approach and describe how we might model ALP in light of this account.

The prevalence and burden of mental and substance use disorders in Australia: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana G Ciobanu ◽  
Alize J Ferrari ◽  
Holly E Erskine ◽  
Damian F Santomauro ◽  
Fiona J Charlson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

Objectives: Timely and accurate assessments of disease burden are essential for developing effective national health policies. We used the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 to examine burden due to mental and substance use disorders in Australia. Methods: For each of the 20 mental and substance use disorders included in Global Burden of Disease Study 2015, systematic reviews of epidemiological data were conducted, and data modelled using a Bayesian meta-regression tool to produce prevalence estimates by age, sex, geography and year. Prevalence for each disorder was then combined with a disorder-specific disability weight to give years lived with disability, as a measure of non-fatal burden. Fatal burden was measured as years of life lost due to premature mortality which were calculated by combining the number of deaths due to a disorder with the life expectancy remaining at the time of death. Disability-adjusted life years were calculated by summing years lived with disability and years of life lost to give a measure of total burden. Uncertainty was calculated around all burden estimates. Results: Mental and substance use disorders were the leading cause of non-fatal burden in Australia in 2015, explaining 24.3% of total years lived with disability, and were the second leading cause of total burden, accounting for 14.6% of total disability-adjusted life years. There was no significant change in the age-standardised disability-adjusted life year rates for mental and substance use disorders from 1990 to 2015. Conclusion: Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 found that mental and substance use disorders were leading contributors to disease burden in Australia. Despite several decades of national reform, the burden of mental and substance use disorders remained largely unchanged between 1990 and 2015. To reduce this burden, effective population-level preventions strategies are required in addition to effective interventions of sufficient duration and coverage.

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