scholarly journals The impressive adaptability of Acinetobacter baumannii: A paradigm of antimicrobial resistance

2018 ◽  
pp. 19-40
Author(s):  
Alejandro Beceiro
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii

PREVALENCE OF CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII (CRAB) IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL INTENSIVE CARE UNITS (ICUS) OF JPMC, KARACHI

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is one of the research priorities of health organizations due to increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Outbreaks of nosocomial infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii (CRAB) strains are at rise worldwide. Antimicrobial resistance to carbapenems reduces clinical therapeutic choices and frequently led to treatment failure. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii isolated from patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences Institute (BMSI), Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, from December 2016 to November 2017. Total 63 non-repetitive A. baumannii were collected from the patients’ specimens, admitted to medical and surgical ICUs and wards of JPMC, Karachi. The bacterial isolates were processed according to standard microbiological procedures to observe for carbapenem resistance. SPSS 21 was used for data analysis. Results: Out of the 63 patients, 40 (63.5%) were male. The age of the patient ranged from 15-85 year, with average of 43 year. 34.9% patients had been hospitalized for 3 days. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was present in highest number with average of 58.7% for morbidity. Number of patients on mechanical ventilation was highest (65.1%). All isolates were susceptible to colistin. The resistance to ampicillin-sulbactam, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, piperacillin- tazobactam and meropenem was 82.5%, 81%, 100%, 87.3%, 82.5% and 82% respectively. Out of 82% CRAB, 77% were obtained from ICUs. Conclusion: This study has revealed the high rate of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii isolates in ICUs thus leaving behind limited therapeutic options.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antimicrobial Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates from Shanghai and Hong Kong

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 338-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas K.W. Ling ◽  
Chun Mei Ying ◽  
Ching Ching Lee ◽  
Zhi Kai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Clinical Isolates

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance profiles and oxacillinase genes in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from hospitalized patients in Santa Catarina, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 699-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle Dall Cortivo ◽  
Andréia Gutberlet ◽  
Jéssica Augustini Ferreira ◽  
Leslie Ecker Ferreira ◽  
Roseneide Campos Deglmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

scholarly journals WGS based analysis of acquired antimicrobial resistance in human and non-human Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from a German perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal Wareth ◽  
Christian Brandt ◽  
Lisa D. Sprague ◽  
Heinrich Neubauer ◽  
Mathias W. Pletz
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Chromosomal Gene ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Carbapenemase Gene

Abstract Background Acinetobacter baumannii ability to develop and acquire resistance makes it one of the most critical nosocomial pathogens globally. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was applied to identify the acquired or mutational variants of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in 85 German A. baumannii strains utilizing Illumina technology. Additionally, the whole genome of 104 German isolates deposited in the NCBI database was investigated. Results In-silico analysis of WGS data revealed wide varieties of acquired AMR genes mediating resistance mostly to aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, carbapenems, sulfonamides, tetracyclines and macrolides. In the 189 analyzed genomes, the ant (3″)-IIa conferring resistance to aminoglycosides was the most frequent (55%), followed by blaADC.25 (38.6%) conferring resistance to cephalosporin, blaOXA-23 (29%) and the blaOXA-66 variant of the intrinsic blaOXA-51-likes (26.5%) conferring resistance to carbapenems, the sul2 (26%) conferring resistance to sulfonamides, the tet. B (19.5%) conferring resistance to tetracycline, and mph. E and msr. E (19%) conferring resistance to macrolides. blaTEM variants conferring resistance to cephalosporins were found in 12% of genomes. Thirteen variants of the intrinsic blaOXA-51 carbapenemase gene, blaOXA-510 and blaADC-25 genes were found in isolates obtained from dried milk samples. Conclusion The presence of strains harboring acquired AMR genes in dried milk raises safety concerns and highlights the need for changes in producing dried milk. Acquired resistance genes and chromosomal gene mutation are successful routes for disseminating AMR determinants among A. baumannii. Identification of chromosomal and plasmid-encoded AMR in the genome of A. baumannii may help understand the mechanism behind the genetic mobilization and spread of AMR genes.

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