scholarly journals Development of ciprofloxacin sensor using iron-doped graphitic carbon nitride as transducer matrix: Analysis of ciprofloxacin in blood samples

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hattna Shivarudraiah Vedhavathi ◽  
Ballur Prasanna Sanjay ◽  
Mahesh Basavaraju ◽  
Beejaganahalli Sangameshwara Madhukar ◽  
Ningappa Kumara Swamy
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Pencil Graphite Electrode ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
X Ray

In the present work, we have synthesized an iron-decorated graphitic carbon nitride (Fe@g-C3N4) composite and employed it for electrochemical sensing of ciprofloxacin (CFX). The physicochemical characteristics of the Fe@g-C3N4 composite were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDX) spectroscopy methods. Further, the pencil graphite electrode (PGE) was modified with Fe@g-C3N4 composite to get PGE/Fe@g-C3N4 electrode and characterized the resultant electrode by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was employed to determine the effect of concentration and interferents. The modified PGE/Fe@g-C3N4 electrode demonstrated the exceptional electrochemical performance for CFX identification and quantification with a LOD of 5.4 nM, a wide linear range of 0.001-1.0 µM, and high sensitivity of 0.0018 µA mM-1 cm-2. Besides, Fe@g-C3N4 modified PGE showed remarkable recovery results in qualitative analysis of CFX in human blood specimens. This research advocates that the Fe@g-C3N4 composite acts as an excellent transducer material in the electrochemical sensing of CFX in blood and standard samples. Further, the proposed strategy deduces that the PGE/Fe@g-C3N4 sensor can be a prospective candidate for the dynamic determination of CFX in blood serum and possibly ratified as an exceptional drug sensor for therapeutic purposes.

scholarly journals Sonochemically Prepared GdWNFs/CNFs Nanocomposite As An Electrode Material For The Electrochemical Detection of Antibiotic Drug in Water Bodies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manikanta P ◽  
Hari Prasad B R ◽  
Sanjay B P ◽  
Sandeep S ◽  
Santhosh A S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Pencil Graphite Electrode ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Antibiotic Drug

Abstract The work demonstrates the development of an electrochemical sensor for quantification of Chloramphenicol (CA) using pencil graphite electrode (PGE) modified with Gadolinium tungstate nano flakes and carbon nano fibers composite (PGE/GWNfs/CNFs). The composite was further characterized and confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. The prepared GWNfs/CNFs nano composite was fabricated by drop casting method to get PGE/GWNfs/CNFs working electrode. The modified electrode is then analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) methods for its electrochemical and electrocatalytic property. The electrochemical investigation of developed sensor shows enhanced activity towards electro-oxidation of CA. The DPV studies revealed high efficacy characteristics such as sensitivity in the range 0.03984 µA µM-1cm-2, selectivity, good linear range (5-50 μM), and low detection limit (0.4 μM). The study benchmarks the use of GWNfs/CNFs as an excellent transducer material in electrochemical sensing of CA in standard samples thus, it finds an efficient potential application in the analysis of CA in environment sample analysis.

scholarly journals Zirconia nanoparticle-modified graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for effective photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol in water

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohanna Zarei ◽  
Jamil Bahrami ◽  
Mohammad Zarei
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zirconia Nanoparticle ◽  
Carbon Nitride Nanosheets

Abstract Zirconia (ZrO2)-modified graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanocomposite was used for effective photodegradation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) in water. The ZrO2 nanoparticles, g-C3N4 nanosheets, and ZrO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite were well characterized by including N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoelectrochemical measurements, and photoluminescence spectroscopy methods. ZrO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposites were formed at room temperature using sonication and used for effective for photodegradation of 4-NP under irradiation with visible light. The nanocomposite samples resulted in a significant increase in photocatalytic activity compared with single-component samples of g-C3N4. In particular, the ZrO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite exhibited the significant increase in the photocatalytic activity. The ZrO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite showed an excellent catalytic activity toward the reduction of 4-NP in aqueous medium. Further, ZrO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite can be reused several times for photocatalytic degradation as well as for 4-NP adsorption.

scholarly journals Facile Preparation of Wormlike Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Photocatalytic Degradation of Ustiloxin A

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2256
Author(s):  
Yanfei Wu ◽  
Jin Mao ◽  
Chuanwei Ao ◽  
Di Sun ◽  
Xiaorui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
False Smut

Natural toxic contaminants have been recognized as threats to human health. Ustiloxins are the toxic secondary metabolites of fungus generated from rice false smut disease, which are harmful to animal/human reproduction and growth. However, there are rare researches on the control and reduction of ustiloxins through physical, chemical and biological ways. Herein, we demonstrated that photocatalysis of semiconductor nanomaterials could be as a potential way to degrade or mitigate the contamination of ustiloxin A. A kind of wormlike graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was facilely prepared from modified dicyandiamide precursor via pyrolysis method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy etc. It was found that g-C3N4 from modified dicyandiamide precursor showed better activity for ustiloxin A degradation under visible light irradiation than that of pristine g-C3N4. This was ascribed to the lager specific surface area, more uniform microstructure, better photogenerated charges separation and transformation of wormlike g-C3N4 compared with pristine g-C3N4. Most important, the structure of degradation intermediates and the possible pathway were proposed based on the results of high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry after 80 min photoreaction treatment. Our findings may provide a green, efficient way for ustiloxins mitigation and useful information for future study.

Ultrathin 2D graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets decorated with silver nanoparticles for electrochemical sensing of quercetin

2018 ◽  
Vol 826 ◽  
pp. 207-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pitchaimani Veerakumar ◽  
Chellakannu Rajkumar ◽  
Shen-Ming Chen ◽  
Balamurugan Thirumalraj ◽  
King-Chuen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Carbon Nitride Nanosheets

Graphitic carbon nitride modified with Pd nanoparticles toward efficient cathode catalyst for Li-O2 batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (07) ◽  
pp. 2051045
Author(s):  
Kaicheng Yue ◽  
Zhaoqian Yan ◽  
Zhihao Sun ◽  
Anran Li ◽  
Lei Qian
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Pd Nanoparticles ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Cathode Catalyst ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cathode Catalysts

In this work, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was modified by Pd nanoparticles (Pd-CN) to prepare an efficient cathode catalyst for Li-O2 batteries. The specific surface area of g-C3N4 was improved to 239.56[Formula: see text]m2/g by two-steps thermal polymerization. Pd nanoparticles were loaded onto the g-C3N4 by K2PdCl4 reduction with NaBH4. The resulted Pd-CN composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope. The results proved that g-C3N4 showed three-dimensional layered and porous structure, and Pd nanoparticles were successfully supported on it. The Li-O2 batteries using Pd-CN composites as cathode catalysts were assembled and tested. The maximum initial discharge specific capacity reached 26,614[Formula: see text]mAh[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] at current density of 100[Formula: see text]mA[Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text]. The electrodes remained large capacity under high current density, meaning excellent rate capability. Li-O2 batteries containing Pd-CN cathode were continuously cycled for 70 cycles with no loss of capacity and obvious change in the terminal voltage. These electrochemical results indicated that the loading Pd nanoparticles effectively increased specific capacity, reduced overpotential and improved the cyclic stability. The Pd-CN composites are proved to be the promising cathode catalysts for Li-O2 batteries.

Preparation of Nitrogen-Deficient Graphitic Carbon Nitride with a Large Specific Surface Area by Melt Pretreatment and Its Photocatalytic Performance

NANO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (06) ◽  
pp. 2050079
Author(s):  
Xuelei Li ◽  
Jinfeng Bai ◽  
Jiaqi Li ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Junru Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Large Specific Surface Area ◽  
X Ray

In this study, nitrogen-deficient graphitic carbon nitride (M-LS-g-C3N4) with a mesoporous structure and a large specific surface area was obtained by calcination after melt pretreatment using urea as a precursor. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-Vis, ESR and photoluminescence (PL) were used to characterize the structure, morphology and optical performance of the samples. The TEM results showed the formation of a mesoporous structure on the 0.1[Formula: see text]M-LS-g-C3N4 surface. The porous structure led to an increase in the specific surface area from 41.5[Formula: see text]m2/g to 124.3[Formula: see text]m2/g. The UV-Vis results showed that nitrogen vacancies generated during the modification process reduced the band gap of g-C3N4 and improved the visible light absorption. The PL spectra showed that the nitrogen defects promoted the separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. In the visible light degradation of methyl orange (MO), the reaction rate constant of 0.1[Formula: see text]M-LS-g-C3N4 reached 0.0086[Formula: see text][Formula: see text], which was 5.05 times that of pure g-C3N4. Superoxide radicals and photogenerated holes were found to be the main active species in the reaction system. This study provides an efficient, green and convenient means of preparing graphitic carbon nitride with a large specific surface area.

scholarly journals Sugarcane juice derived carbon dot–graphitic carbon nitride composites for bisphenol A degradation under sunlight irradiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 353-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Ching Sim ◽  
Jing Lin Wong ◽  
Chen Hong Hak ◽  
Jun Yan Tai ◽  
Kah Hon Leong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Sugarcane Juice ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
X Ray

Carbon dots (CDs) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) composites (CD/g-C3N4) were successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method using urea and sugarcane juice as starting materials. The chemical composition, morphological structure and optical properties of the composites and CDs were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques as well as transmission electron microscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results revealed new signals for carbonyl and carboxyl groups originating from the CDs in CD/g-C3N4 composites while X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed distortion of the host matrix after incorporating CDs into g-C3N4. Both analyses signified the interaction between g-C3N4 and CDs. The photoluminescence (PL) analysis indicated that the presence of too many CDs will create trap states at the CD/g-C3N4 interface, decelerating the electron (e−) transport. However, the CD/g-C3N4(0.5) composite with the highest coverage of CDs still achieved the best bisphenol A (BPA) degradation rate at 3.87 times higher than that of g-C3N4. Hence, the charge separation efficiency should not be one of the main factors responsible for the enhancement of the photocatalytic activity of CD/g-C3N4. Instead, the light absorption capability was the dominant factor since the photoreactivity correlated well with the ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV–vis DRS) results. Although the CDs did not display upconversion photoluminescence (UCPL) properties, the π-conjugated CDs served as a photosensitizer (like organic dyes) to sensitize g-C3N4 and injected electrons to the conduction band (CB) of g-C3N4, resulting in the extended absorption spectrum from the visible to the near-infrared (NIR) region. This extended spectral absorption allows for the generation of more electrons for the enhancement of BPA degradation. It was determined that the reactive radical species responsible for the photocatalytic activity were the superoxide anion radical (O2 •−) and holes (h+) after performing multiple scavenging tests.

scholarly journals Construction of a crossed-layer-structure MoS2/g-C3N4 heterojunction with enhanced photocatalytic performance

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 6131-6139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youzhi Cao ◽  
Qiao Li ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

A novel crossed-layer-structure MoS2/g-C3N4 (graphitic carbon nitride) was synthesized by a facile method, and was characterized by a collection of analytical techniques: X-ray diffraction patterns, FT-IR spectra, SEM, TEM, and XPS.

AgCl Loaded Mesoporous Graphitic Carbon Nitride as Visible Light Photocatalyst

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 54-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhao ◽  
Si Yuan Yang ◽  
Zuo Tao Liu ◽  
Yue Ping Fang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Silver Chloride ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
The Novel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Visible Light Photocatalyst ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Uv Visible

A novel photocatalyst, AgCl loaded mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-C3N4) in which silver chloride nanoparticles were introduced into the mesopores carbon nitride, was prepared by a dip-coating procedure. The as-prepared photocatalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, UV-visible spectrophotometry. The novel photocatalyst manifested a better photocatalytic activity than that of pure mpg-C3N4 for degradation of methyl orange.

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