scholarly journals Two additions to the moss flora of the South Shetland Islands in the maritime Antarctic

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Wierzgoń ◽  
Tomasz Suchan ◽  
Michał Ronikier
Keyword(s):  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Maritime Antarctic ◽  
The South ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Glacial Cover ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
First Time

<em>Tortella fragilis</em> (Drumm.) Limpr. (Pottiaceae) and <em>Bryum nivale</em> Müll. Hal. (Bryaceae) are recorded for the first time from the South Shetland Islands in the northern maritime Antarctic. They were discovered in the Admiralty Bay area on King George Island, the largest island of this archipelago. The two species are briefly characterized morphologically, their habitats are described, and their distribution in the Antarctic is mapped. Discovery of these species has increased the documented moss flora of King George Island to 67 species, strengthening it in the leading position among individual areas with the richest diversity of moss flora in Antarctica. Likewise, <em>T. fragilis</em> and <em>B. nivale</em> represent remarkable additions to the moss flora of the South Shetland Islands, which currently consists of 92 species and one variety, making this archipelago by far the richest bryofloristically amongst large geographic regions of the Antarctic. Comparison of recent (2018) and old (1985) photographs revealed a significant retreat of glacial cover and suggests that the collection site was likely opened for colonization only within the last several decades. The record of <em>T. fragilis</em> is biogeographically relevant, and constitutes an intermediate site between the species’ occurrences in the Antarctic Peninsula and southern South America. The present record of <em>B. nivale</em> is the fourth discovery of the species worldwide, which may be helpful for the future designation of the distribution of this extremely rare species.

scholarly journals New records of isopod species of the Antarctic Specially Managed Area No. 1, Admiralty Bay, South Shetland Islands

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-419
Author(s):  
Karol Zemko ◽  
Krzysztof Pabis ◽  
Jacek Siciński ◽  
Magdalena Błażewicz
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
New Records ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Admiralty Bay ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Marine Basins

AbstractAdmiralty Bay (King George Island) is an Antarctic Specially Managed Area and one the most thoroughly studied small-scale marine basins in the Southern Ocean. Our study provides new data on the isopod fauna in this glacially affected fjord. Twelve species of isopods were recorded in this basin for the first time. Six of them were found for the first time in the region of the South Shetland Islands. The highest number of species new for Admiralty Bay were found in the families Munnopsidae (4 species) and Munnidae (3 species).

Ten new Bacillariophyta species from James Ross Island and the South Shetland Islands (Maritime Antarctic Region)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 272 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
RALITSA ZIDAROVA ◽  
KATEŘINA KOPALOVÁ ◽  
BART VAN DE VIJVER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Maritime Antarctic ◽  
The South ◽  
Antarctic Region ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
James Ross Island ◽  
The Antarctic

The present paper describes 10 new diatom (Bacillariophyta) species from the Maritime Antarctic Region. Five of the newly described taxa: Caloneis australis sp. nov., Mayamaea sweetloveana sp. nov., Navicula romanedwardii sp. nov., Sellaphora antarctica sp. nov. and Sellaphora gracillima sp. nov. have been previously reported from the Antarctic Region but were force-fitted into incorrect names. Five other taxa: Chamaepinnularia elliptica sp. nov., Cosmioneis regigeorgiensis sp. nov., Mayamaea tytgatiana sp. nov., Muelleria pimpireviana sp. nov. and Pinnularia pinseeliana sp. nov. are newly discovered taxa. The morphology of all new species is studied using both light and scanning electon microscope observations and compared with similar species from the Antarctic Region and worldwide. Data about the ecology and confirmed Antarctic distribution of the new species are added.

scholarly journals Molecular identification of Trichocera maculipennis, an invasive fly species in the Maritime Antarctic

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 6379-6384
Author(s):  
Marta Potocka ◽  
Ewa Krzemińska ◽  
Robert Gromadka ◽  
Jan Gawor ◽  
Joanna Kocot-Zalewska
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Maritime Antarctic ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Fragile Environment ◽  
First Time

Abstract Trichocera maculipennis, an invasive Diptera, was described for the first time in Antarctica in 2006 in a sewage system of one of the scientific stations on King George Island, South Shetland Islands, and started to increase its distribution within the island. To date, only taxonomical description of this species, based on morphological data has been available, as there were no molecular data recorded. In the present study, we present two methods of molecular identification of this species—based on partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S ribosomal RNA (16S) genes. An appropriate and easy-to-use assay for proper and fast identification of invasive species is a key requirement for further management decisions, especially in such a fragile environment as found in terrestrial Antarctica.

The cryptostigmatid mite Halozetes belgicae (Michael) in the maritime Antarctic

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.B. Minto ◽  
G.J. Shepherd ◽  
M.B. Usher
Keyword(s):  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Maritime Antarctic ◽  
The South ◽  
Macquarie Island ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Orkney Islands ◽  
South Orkney Islands ◽  
South Sandwich Islands ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Morphometrical Study

Halozetes belgicae is distributed widely in the Subantarctic and maritime Antarctic, with subspecies described from Macquarie Island and the South Sandwich Islands. A morphometrical study, based largely on the development of the setae, indicates that the nominate subspecies is confined to the Antarctic Peninsula and its offshore islands (including the South Shetland Islands), whilst specimens from the South Orkney Islands are probably consubspecific with individuals on the South Sandwich Islands. In comparison with other studies of the Acari, the results strengthen the case for the recognition of a South Orkadian biogeographical zone.

scholarly journals Southern elephant seal movements and Antarctic sea ice

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bornemann ◽  
M. Kreyscher ◽  
S. Ramdohr ◽  
T. Martin ◽  
A. Carlini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Mirounga Leonina ◽  
King George Island ◽  
The South ◽  
Elephant Seals ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Pack Ice ◽  
The Antarctic

Weaned pups and post-moult female elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) were fitted with satellite transmitters at King George Island (South Shetland Islands) between December 1996 and February 1997. Of the nine adult females tracked for more than two months, three stayed in a localized area between the South Shetland Islands and the South Orkney Islands. The other six females travelled south-west along the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula up to the Bellingshausen Sea. Two of them then moved north-east and hauled out on South Georgia in October. One female was last located north of the South Shetland Islands in March 1998. In total, eight females were again sighted on King George Island and six of the transmitters removed. The tracks of the weaners contrasted with those of the adults. In January, five juveniles left King George Island for the Pacific sector spending about four weeks in the open sea west of the De Gerlache Seamounts. Three of them returned to the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula in June, of which one was last located on the Patagonian Shelf in November 1997. The juveniles avoided sea ice while the adults did not. The latter displayed behavioural differences in using the pack ice habitat during winter. Some females adjusted their movement patterns to the pulsating sea ice fringe in distant foraging areas while others ranged in closed pack ice of up to 100%. The feeding grounds of adult female elephant seals are more closely associated with the pack ice zone than previously assumed. The significance of the midwater fish Pleuragramma antarcticum as a potential food resource is discussed.

scholarly journals First documented record of barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) in the Antarctic

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Korczak-Abshire ◽  
Alexander Lees ◽  
Agata Jojczyk
Keyword(s):  
Passerine Bird ◽  
Hirundo Rustica ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
King George Island ◽  
The South ◽  
Barn Swallow ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Antarctic Convergence ◽  
The World ◽  
The Antarctic

First documented record of barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) in the Antarctic Here we report a photo-documented record of a barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) from the South Shetland Islands. We also review previous records of passerine vagrants in the Antarctic (south of the Antarctic Convergence Zone). This barn swallow is the first recorded member of the Hirundinidae family on King George Island and is only the second passerine recorded in the South Shetland Islands. This sighting, along with previous records of austral negrito and austral trush represent the southernmost sightings of any passerine bird anywhere in the world.

scholarly journals Do new records of macrofungi indicate warming of their habitats in terrestrial Antarctic ecosystems?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-296
Author(s):  
Götz Palfner ◽  
Josefa Binimelis-Salazar ◽  
Sandra Troncoso Alarcón ◽  
Gustavo Torres-Mellado ◽  
Gloria Gallegos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Terrestrial Environments ◽  
Sanionia Uncinata ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
First Time

Relatively few macrofungi have been historically described from terrestrial environments of the Antarctic Peninsula and its associated archipelagos which are characterized by a moss-dominated vegetation, most of them preferentially or obligatorily associated with bryophytes. During the study of the influence of penguin rockeries to moss communities on the South Shetland Islands, the bryophilous basidiomycetes Rimbachia bryophila and Arrhenia cf. lilacinicolor were found for the first time on King George Island, growing on carpets of Sanionia uncinata. Other bryophilous fungi previously recorded in the same region are Arrhenia antarctica, Omphalina pyxidata and the rare Simocybe antarctica. The detection of the supposedly parasitic R. bryophila, together with other new observations of macrofungi on different hosts in the Antarctic bryoflora could indicate increased sexual reproduction. The likely increase of reproduction as an effect of warming on the terrestrial antarctic tundra should be proven by follow up field studies.

Tardigrade fauna of the South Sandwich Islands, maritime Antarctic

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1058 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANDRA J. MCINNES ◽  
PETER CONVEY
Keyword(s):  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Maritime Antarctic ◽  
The South ◽  
Volcanic Origin ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Biological Survey ◽  
Recent Origin ◽  
South Sandwich Islands ◽  
Scotia Arc ◽  
The Antarctic

The maritime Antarctic South Sandwich Islands are an isolated oceanic archipelago of volcanic origin lying between 56º18'S, 27º34'W and 59º27'S, 27º22'W. All the islands are of recent origin (maximum ages 0.5–3 million years) with many still exhibiting some form of volcanic activity. The islands are part of the Scotia Arc, lying on a crustal upwarp extending from South Georgia through the South Sandwich Islands to the South Shetland Islands that connects the Andean chain of South America to the Antarctic Peninsula. As part of an extensive biological survey completed during early 1997, samples were collected from 10 of the 11 major islands in the archipelago from which the tardigrade fauna has subsequently been extracted. We report the composition of this fauna, and discuss its biogeographical relationships. Tardigrade species richness was low (6 taxa), in keeping with the recent formation and isolation of these islands. However, as reported previously for the terrestrial arthropod fauna and bryophyte flora, there is indication of both suband maritime Antarctic origin.

scholarly journals Lichens from the Admiralty Bay region, King George Island (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica)

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Olech
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
King George Island ◽  
The South ◽  
Admiralty Bay ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
New Localities ◽  
The Antarctic

61 Species new to the Admiralty Bay region are reported. Among them 51 are new to King George Island, 35 to the South Shetland archipelago, 15 to the Antarctic zone, and 6 to the Southern Hemisphere. A further 49 species were found at new localities.

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