scholarly journals Auxin increases the InJMT expression and the level of JAMe – inhibitor of flower induction in Ipomoea nil

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Kućko ◽  
Grażyna Czeszewska-Rosiak ◽  
Magdalena Wolska ◽  
Paulina Glazińska ◽  
Jan Kopcewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Flower Induction ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Ipomoea Nil ◽  
Induction Process ◽  
Jasmonic Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Jasmonic Acid Carboxyl Methyltransferase ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Exogenous Iaa

Interactions among jasmonates and auxin in the photoperiodic flower induction of a short-day plant <em>Ipomoea nil</em> were examined. Therefore, we measured changes in jasmonic acid (JA) and jasmonic acid methyl ester (JAMe) levels in the cotyledons of <em>I. nil</em> during the inductive night, as well as the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) on their content. We noticed an interesting result, that IAA applied on the cotyledons of <em>I. nil</em> is an effective stimulator of JAMe production in seedlings cultivated under inductive night conditions. IAA treatment also significantly increased the transcriptional activity of <em>InJMT</em> (<em>JASMONIC ACID CARBOXYL METHYLTRANSFERASE</em>), while did not affect the expression of JA biosynthesis genes (lipoxyganease, allene oxide synthase, 12-oxophytodienoate reductase). These data, as well as the results of our previous research, suggest that exogenous IAA participates in <em>I. nil</em> flower induction process by stimulating <em>InJMT</em> expression and, as a consequence of that, enhancing the level of JAMe, a flowering inhibitor.

scholarly journals Wounding stimulates ALLENE OXIDE SYNTHASE gene and increases the level of jasmonic acid in Ipomoea nil cotyledons

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Wilmowicz ◽  
Agata Kućko ◽  
Kamil Frankowski ◽  
Barbara Zabrocka-Nowakowska ◽  
Katarzyna Panek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Lipoxygenase Pathway ◽  
Ipomoea Nil ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Strong Stimulation ◽  
Oxide Synthase

<em>Allene oxide synthase</em> (<em>AOS</em>) encodes the first enzyme in the lipoxygenase pathway, which is responsible for jasmonic acid (JA) formation. In this study we report the molecular cloning and characterization of <em>InAOS</em> from <em>Ipomoea nil</em>. The full-length gene is composed of 1662 bp and encodes for 519 amino acids. The predicted InAOS contains PLN02648 motif, which is evolutionarily conserved and characteristic for functional enzymatic proteins. We have shown that wounding led to a strong stimulation of the examined gene activity in cotyledons and an increase in JA level, which suggest that this compound may be a modulator of stress responses in <em>I. nil</em>.

scholarly journals Functional Characterization of An Allene Oxide Synthase Involved in Biosynthesis of Jasmonic Acid and Its Influence on Metabolite Profiles and Ethylene Formation in Tea (Camellia sinensis) Flowers

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiyuan Peng ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Yinyin Liao ◽  
Lanting Zeng ◽  
Xinlan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
Ethylene Formation ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Jasmonic acid (JA) is reportedly involved in the interaction between insects and the vegetative parts of horticultural crops; less attention has, however, been paid to its involvement in the interaction between insects and the floral parts of horticultural crops. Previously, we investigated the allene oxide synthase 2 (AOS2) gene that was found to be the only JA synthesis gene upregulated in tea (Camellia sinensis) flowers exposed to insect (Thrips hawaiiensis (Morgan)) attacks. In our present study, transient expression analysis in Nicotiana benthamiana plants confirmed that CsAOS2 functioned in JA synthesis and was located in the chloroplast membrane. In contrast to tea leaves, the metabolite profiles of tea flowers were not significantly affected by 10 h JA (2.5 mM) treatment as determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Moreover, JA treatment did not significantly influence ethylene formation in tea flowers. These results suggest that JA in tea flowers may have different functions from JA in tea leaves and other flowers.

scholarly journals Allene oxide synthase, allene oxide cyclase and jasmonic acid levels in Lotus japonicus nodules

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e0190884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Zdyb ◽  
Marco G. Salgado ◽  
Kirill N. Demchenko ◽  
Wolfram G. Brenner ◽  
Małgorzata Płaszczyca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Allene Oxide Cyclase ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals Inducible Overexpression of a Rice Allene Oxide Synthase Gene Increases the Endogenous Jasmonic Acid Level, PR Gene Expression, and Host Resistance to Fungal Infection

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1127-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuansheng Mei ◽  
Min Qi ◽  
Guangyao Sheng ◽  
Yinong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzyme ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Pathogen Infection ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Many studies in dicotyledonous plants have shown that jasmonates, including jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate, are important signal molecules involved in induced resistance to pathogen infection and insect herbivory. However, very little genetic and molecular evidence is available to demonstrate their role in host defense response of rice and other economically important monocot plants. In this study, we have shown that exogenous application of JA was able to activate defense gene expression and local induced resistance in rice seedlings against the rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea). Furthermore, we have characterized a pathogen-inducible rice OsAOS2 gene (which encodes allene oxide synthase, a key enzyme in the JA biosynthetic pathway) and examined the role of endogenous JA in rice defense response through transgenic manipulation of the JA biosynthesis. Sequence analysis indicated that OsAOS2 contains four common domains of the cytochrome P450 enzyme, but does not have the signal peptide for chloroplast targeting. The basal level of OsAOS2 expression is very low in leaves but relatively high in the sheath, culm, and flower of rice plants. Interestingly, the expression of OsAOS2 in rice leaves can be induced significantly upon M. grisea infection. Transgenic rice lines carrying the OsAOS2 transgene under the control of a strong, pathogen-inducible PBZ1 promoter accumulated abundant OsAOS2 transcripts and higher levels of JA, especially after the pathogen infection. These transgenic lines also exhibited enhanced activation of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes such as PR1a, PR3, and PR5 and increased resistance to M. grisea infection. Our results suggest that JA plays a significant role in PR gene induction and blast resistance in rice plants.

scholarly journals Expression of Castanea crenata Allene Oxide Synthase in Arabidopsis Improves the Defense to Phytophthora cinnamomi

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Serrazina ◽  
Helena Machado ◽  
Rita Lourenço Costa ◽  
Paula Duque ◽  
Rui Malhó
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Castanea Crenata ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Allene oxide synthase (AOS) is a key enzyme of the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway. The AOS gene was previously found to be upregulated in an Asian chestnut species resistant to infection by the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi (Castanea crenata), while lower expression values were detected in the susceptible European chestnut (Castanea sativa). Here, we report a genetic and functional characterization of the C. crenata AOS (CcAOS) upon its heterologous gene expression in a susceptible ecotype of Arabidopsis thaliana, which contains a single AOS gene. It was found that Arabidopsis plants expressing CcAOS delay pathogen progression and exhibit more vigorous growth in its presence. They also show upregulation of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid-related genes. As in its native species, heterologous CcAOS localized to plastids, as revealed by confocal imaging of the CcAOS-eGFP fusion protein in transgenic Arabidopsis roots. This observation was confirmed upon transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaf epidermal cells. To further confirm a specific role of CcAOS in the defense mechanism against the pathogen, we performed crosses between transgenic CcAOS plants and an infertile Arabidopsis AOS knockout mutant line. It was found that plants expressing CcAOS exhibit normal growth, remain infertile but are significantly more tolerant to the pathogen than wild type plants. Together, our results indicate that CcAOS is an important player in plant defense responses against oomycete infection and that its expression in susceptible varieties may be a valuable tool to mitigate biotic stress responses.

Effect of jasmonic acid–methyl ester on the composition of carbohydrates and germination of yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) seeds

2010 ◽  
Vol 167 (12) ◽  
pp. 967-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Zalewski ◽  
Bartosz Nitkiewicz ◽  
Lesław B. Lahuta ◽  
Katarzyna Głowacka ◽  
Aleksander Socha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Jasmonic Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Yellow Lupine

scholarly journals Both Allene Oxide Synthases Genes Are Involved in the Biosynthesis of Herbivore-Induced Jasmonic Acid and Herbivore Resistance in Rice

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 442
Author(s):  
Jiamei Zeng ◽  
Tongfang Zhang ◽  
Jiayi Huangfu ◽  
Ran Li ◽  
Yonggen Lou
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Mechanical Wounding ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Phloem Feeding

Allene oxide synthase (AOS) is the second enzyme in the biosynthesis of the plant defensive hormone jasmonic acid (JA). In rice, there are two AOSs, OsAOS1 and OsAOS2. However, the role of these two AOS genes in herbivore-induced defenses in rice remains unidentified. We cloned the two rice AOS genes and observed that the transcript level of both OsAOS1 and OsAOS2 was enhanced by mechanical wounding, the infestation of the striped stem borer (SSB) (Chilo suppressalis) or brown planthopper (BPH) (Niaparvata lugens), and treatment with JA; however, OsAOS1 responded more rapidly to SSB infestation and JA treatment than did OsAOS2. The antisense expression of OsAOS1 (as-aos1) or OsAOS2 (as-aos2) decreased levels of SSB- or BPH-induced JA, which, in turn, reduced the production of SSB-induced trypsin protease inhibitor (TrypPI) and volatiles as well as the resistance of rice to SSB. In contrast, BPH preferred to feed and oviposit on wild-type (WT) plants over as-aos1 and as-aos2 plants. Moreover, the survival of BPH nymphs on as-aos1 or as-aos2 lines was significantly lower than on WT plants. The increased resistance of as-aos1 or as-aos2 plants to BPH correlated with higher levels of BPH-induced H2O2 and SA. These results indicate that OsAOS1 and OsAOS2 are both involved in herbivore-induced JA biosynthesis and play a vital role in determining the resistance of rice to chewing and phloem-feeding herbivores.

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