scholarly journals The distribution and habitat requirements of the genus Orobanche L. (Orobanchaceae) in SE Poland

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Piwowarczyk ◽  
Piotr Chmielewski ◽  
Anna Cwener
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Se Poland

The distribution of the genus <em>Orobanche </em>in SE Poland is presented. The study area stretches between the Vistula and the Bug rivers, and comprises the Polish areas of the Lublin-Lwów Upland, the Wołyń Upland and the southern part of Polesie. Eight species of the genus <em>Orobanche</em>: <em>O. alba</em>, <em>O. alsatica</em>, <em>O. arenaria</em>, <em>O. caryophyllacea</em>, <em>O. elatior</em>, <em>O. lutea</em>, <em>O. pallidiflora</em>, <em>O. picridis</em>, were collected during floristic investigations conducted between 1999 and 2010. The hosts, abundance and habitat preferences at the localities are given and a supplemented map of the distribution in SE Poland is included.

Habitat requirements and distribution of Engaeus cisternarius and three subspecies of Parastacoides tasmanicus (Decapoda : Parastacidae), burrowing crayfish from an area of south-western Tasmania

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMM Richardson ◽  
R Swain
Keyword(s):  
Small Area ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Intensive Study ◽  
Extensive Survey ◽  
South West ◽  
Waterlogged Soils

During an extensive survey of the crayfish fauna of the lower catchments of the Gordon River, south-western Tasmania. two species of crayfish were collected: Engaeus cisternarius and three subspecies of Parastacoides tasmanicus (P. t. tasmanicus, P. t. inermis and P. t. insignis). From this survey and an intensive study in a small area of the Olga River valley, distinct habitat preferences of each of the forms were recognized. E. cisteinavius was restricted to the areas north and west of the Gordon River where it was found only in clay and sandy soils under rainforest. P. t. tasmanicus was found in waterlogged soils, peats and sands on valley floors covered either with wet sedgeland or rainforest. P. t. inermis was found in two disjunct habitats: well- drained slopes and hillsides covered in heath vegetation. and under rocks in small creeks in rainforests. P. t. insignis occupied an intermediate habitat between P. t. tasmanicus and the non-creek dwelling, P. t. inermis, but was restricted geographically to the extreme south-west of the study area. The taxonomic status of the P. tasmanicus subspecies is discussed.

scholarly journals Composition and structure of the flora in intra-urban railway areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzta Wrzesień ◽  
Bożena Denisow ◽  
Zvenyslava Mamchur ◽  
Maria Chuba ◽  
Ija Resler
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Life Strategy ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Se Poland ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Ordination Techniques ◽  
Pollination Mode ◽  
Form Type

Railway areas are considered as large greenspaces and are recognized important in improving the biodiversity and dynamic of urban flora. In this study, we examined the flora composition and diversity along intra-city railway lines in Lublin, SE Poland and Lviv, W Ukraine. The flora has been analyzed in terms of species composition (multivariate ordination techniques), life span, life form, type of pollination mode, seed dispersal, life strategy sensu Grime, hemerophoby, urbanity degree, and in terms of habitat preferences using ecological indicator values. The multivariate analysis (CCA) clearly revealed that abiotic factors (topographical), weather elements (annual precipitation and air temperature), and soil attributes (moisture, trophy, pH, salinity) differed between two cities and impacted on the differences in railway flora composition. Plants growing on the intra-urban railway areas are mainly hemicryptophytes/perennials, C, CR, CRS-strategists, insect-, self-, or wind-pollinated, reproducing by seeds and mainly dispersed by wind. Intra-urban railway areas are predominated by native species, however the participation of invasive alien species is higher than their proportion in domestic floras. The share of invasive species is greater in railway areas of Lviv, ca. 12% (45 species) compared to 8% in Lublin (36 species). Spontaneous flora in intra-urban railway areas represent distinct adaptations to unique urban-industrial ecosystems with different degree of anthropogenic disturbance.

scholarly journals Habitat Preferences of Italian Freshwater Fish: A Systematic Review of Data Availability for Applications of the MesoHABSIM Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Negro ◽  
Stefano Fenoglio ◽  
Emanuele Quaranta ◽  
Claudio Comoglio ◽  
Isabella Garzia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Regulated River ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Physical Habitat ◽  
Freshwater Fish Species

The MesoHABitat SImulation Model (MesoHABSIM) is the preferred method to calculate spatio-temporal variation in the fish habitat availability in Italian rivers. With the aim of improving the applicability of the MesoHABSIM approach in the Italian territory, we carried out a systematic review of physical habitat preferences for 31 freshwater fish species and three freshwater lampreys, representing 75% of the total indigenous freshwater fish community of Italy. Information related to suitable ranges of depth, flow velocity, biotic/abiotic substrates, covers/shelters was collected and summarized for two critical life stages (adult and juvenile) and two bioperiods (rearing/growth and spawning). Overall, 250 publications were reviewed, classified as 206 peer-reviewed papers, 20 books, 7 PhD thesis, and 17 grey literature sources. Our analysis revealed substantial deficits of information about habitat requirements for more than 30% of Italian freshwater fish species. This information is particularly scarce for the most threatened endemic species, especially for their most critical bioperiod (i.e., spawning). With the aim of preserving freshwater fish biodiversity as required in the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 (European Commission, 2020), accurate information on physical habitat requirements for spawning is crucial. As an example application of MesoHABSIM, the collected habitat preference information was used to define and apply mesohabitat suitability criteria for one fish species (Telestes muticellus) in a regulated river reach of Argentina Creek (Province of Imperia, Italy). This analysis demonstrates the potential for applying information from the current review to other fish species.

The Disribution of Pseudomys shortridgei (Muridae : Rodentia ) and its Relevance to that of other Heathland Pseudomys

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Cockburn
Keyword(s):  
Fire Regime ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Habitat Association ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Survey Technique ◽  
Western Victoria ◽  
Heath Communities ◽  
Small Mammal Species ◽  
Number Of Plant Species

Pseudomyine rodents today often show extremely restricted and disjunct distributions, yet evidence from subfossil deposits suggest these species were widely dispersed and abundant in Recent times. Previous explanations for this decline such as a widespread epidemic, climatic change, and competition with introduced rodents appear inadequate. A new survey technique was used to determine habitat preferences of small mammals in the Grampians region in western Victoria. The distribution of Pseudomys shovtvidgei was demonstrated to be principally confined to floristically rich treeless heath communities. This animal appeared to require the consistent presence within its habitat of a number of plant species, whose availability depends upon a specific fire regime. The habitat requirements of Pseudomys albocinereus and P. novaehollandiae are similar to those of P. shortridgei. Such close habitat association suggests that a change in vegetation may be catastrophic to the small mammal species. A relationship between the alteration and alienation of the Australian environment by European man, and the decline of the pseudomyines, is postulated.

Diet and habitat preferences of the Fijian crested iguana (Brachylophus vitiensis) on Yadua Taba, Fiji: implications for conservation

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Morrison ◽  
Tamara Osborne ◽  
Peter S. Harlow ◽  
Nunia Thomas ◽  
Pita Biciloa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Field Surveys

The Fijian crested iguana (Brachylophus vitiensis) is restricted to tropical dry forest habitat and has been extirpated from over 80% of its original range primarily because of habitat destruction. A large population on Yadua Taba island has been proposed as a source for iguana translocations. This study aimed to determine the dietary and habitat requirements of the herbivorous B. vitiensis on Yadua Taba to identify essential tree species. Between September 2005 and June 2006 we examined the diet of B. vitiensis using faecal analyses, while perch preferences were examined using field surveys. Faecal analyses identified 26 plant species in the diet of B. vitiensis, while field surveys recorded iguanas in 33 tree species. The most common diet species largely overlapped with the most common perch species. There were no major seasonal shifts, sex differences, or age-class variations in diet or perch preferences. These results suggest that while B. vitiensis occurs in and consumes several plant species on Yadua Taba, it is primarily dependent on only a few species. To improve translocation success, future translocations of B. vitiensis need to ensure that these important tree species are present at new sites.

scholarly journals Comparing habitat preferences of a set of waterbird species wintering in coastal wetlands of North Africa: implication for management

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Elafri ◽  
Mouhamed Belhamra ◽  
Moussa Houhamdi
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Coastal Wetlands ◽  
Coastal Wetland ◽  
Wetland Management ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Waterbird Species

Abstract Every year, the Coastal wetlands of North Africa support an important wintering waterbird population of many Palearctic and sub-Saharan species of various contrasting habitat requirements. In this study, we describe the habitat use by24 water-obligate species wintering in a coastal wetland of the Northeastern Algeria (the wetland of Lake Tonga), highlighting thereby the ecological mechanisms that support their coexistence and their resources partitioning. The analysis of resource exploitation (Relative frequency, Feinsinger niche breadth, Pianka niche overlap and Ivlev’s electivity indexes) showed that waterbird species inhabiting the lake wetland have several similarities in using the different habitat categories, which lead us to cluster them into 5 guilds (G1: one rails, two grebes and eight ducks; G2: five wading species and one gull; G3: three herons; G4: cormorants, mallards, and on gull; finally, G5: only one species Cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis).Almost all the species were specialists in resource utilization patterns (narrow niche breadths, both under 0.3) and therefore, vulnerable to fluctuations in resources, particularly the feeding habitats. Mean niche overlaps for all the pairs of species ranged from 0.05 to 0.68. The overall pattern in the community was higher niche overlaps between the species of a particular guild than those between other species. According to Ivlev’s electivity index, we found that only three microhabitats from seven were the most important for the discussed species, open water body was the most attractive, followed by meadows, muddy areas and floating- leafed vegetation. Similarities on habitat requirements derived from our region can provide important and optimal wetland management at multi-species assemblage level for this wetland and similar area around the African coast.

scholarly journals Small-scale spatial analysis of river corridor plants distribution in the San River valley (SE Poland)

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Rafał Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
River System ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Regulated River ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Grid Cells ◽  
Se Poland ◽  
River Corridors ◽  
River Corridor

Abstract Spatial distribution and habitat preferences of 55 river corridor plant species were analyzed on a local scale in the valley of a medium-size regulated river. The analysis was based on the results of a detailed mapping on a 50 km-long section of the Lower San River valley (366 cartogram cells of 1 square km). Selected species were divided into two groups: (1) strictly and (2) loosely confined to river corridors. River corridor plants were found throughout the valley (river channel, active and historical floodplain, older terraces, slopes); however, their frequency was diverse in particular areas. The highest concentrations were observed on the floodplain. Their number decreased towards the border areas of the valley. Species which were less confined to rivers were found more frequently in the valley (one species occupied, on average, 12.9% of grid cells), than plants strictly confined to the river system (one species occupied, on average, 5.9% of grid cells); however, the ranges of species of the second group were more restricted to the Holocene part of the valley, especially to the floodplain. River corridor plants were, ecologically, a highly diversified group. In the San river valley, they were found in riparian forests, pioneer ephemeral communities on the banks of water bodies, dry grasslands, meadows and old river beds; a lot of them grew in ruderal habitats.

Habitat Ecology and Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Veech
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Occupancy Modelling ◽  
Wildlife Ecology ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Habitat Analysis ◽  
Survival And Reproduction

Habitat is crucial to the survival and reproduction of individual organisms as well as persistence of populations. As such, species-habitat relationships have long been studied, particularly in the field of wildlife ecology and to a lesser extent in the more encompassing discipline of ecology. The habitat requirements of a species largely determine its spatial distribution and abundance in nature. One way to recognize and appreciate the over-riding importance of habitat is to consider that a young organism must find and settle into the appropriate type of habitat as one of the first challenges of life. This process can be cast in a probabilistic framework and used to better understand the mechanisms behind habitat preferences and selection. There are at least six distinctly different statistical approaches to conducting a habitat analysis – that is, identifying and quantifying the environmental variables that a species most strongly associates with. These are (1) comparison among group means (e.g., ANOVA), (2) multiple linear regression, (3) multiple logistic regression, (4) classification and regression trees, (5) multivariate techniques (Principal Components Analysis and Discriminant Function Analysis), and (6) occupancy modelling. Each of these is lucidly explained and demonstrated by application to a hypothetical dataset. The strengths and weaknesses of each method are discussed. Given the ongoing biodiversity crisis largely caused by habitat destruction, there is a crucial and general need to better characterize and understand the habitat requirements of many different species, particularly those that are threatened and endangered.

scholarly journals Habitat alteration enables hybridisation between Lesser Spotted and Greater Spotted Eagles in north-east Poland

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
GRZEGORZ MACIOROWSKI ◽  
PAWEŁ MIRSKI
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Habitat Alteration ◽  
Landscape Changes ◽  
Human Settlements ◽  
North East ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Several Variables

SummaryWetlands in the Biebrza Valley, north-east Poland, are inhabited by two closely related Aquila species: the more numerous Lesser Spotted Eagle A. pomarina prefers human-transformed landscapes, whereas the very rare Greater Spotted Eagle A. clanga is associated with natural marshy landscapes. At least since the last decade of the 20th century, these two species have been known to hybridise in the broad zone of their sympatric occurrence in Europe. The aim of the present study was to compare habitat preferences of both spotted eagle species in order to detect which environmental factors could increase the probability of hybridisation. We analysed nesting and hunting habitats for 148 breeding territories (61 of A. pomarina, 56 of A. clanga and 31 of mixed pairs). As expected, the presence of breeding Greater Spotted Eagles was associated with non-transformed marshy landscapes, whereas Lesser Spotted Eagles clearly preferred human-transformed areas. We hypothesised that mixed pairs should occur in intermediate habitat, confirming this assumption by analysing several variables: distance to human settlements, distance to open areas, and proportion of wetlands, shrublands, grasslands, agricultural mosaic and arable land. Results of this study suggest that some landscape changes can enable two species with different habitat requirements to inhabit the same area and hybridise. This scenario has potential conservation implications for the rarer species, Greater Spotted Eagle, which has narrower habitat preferences.

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