scholarly journals Patterns of seedling recruitment in experimental gaps on mosaic vegetation of abandoned meadows

2011 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Borkowska
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Salix Cinerea ◽  
Carex Acutiformis ◽  
Mosaic Vegetation ◽  
Species Pattern ◽  
Experimental Gaps

The paper presents results of a study on the response of species growing in experimental gaps in the patches dominated by <em>Carex acutiformis</em>, <em>C. cespitosa</em> and <em>Salix cinerea</em>. The study was performed in a meadow area subjected to the process of succession in the Reski Range in the Białowieski National Park. Four patterns of seedlings recruitment in the experimental gaps were distinguished: pattern I - great number of seedlings with high richness of species, pattern II - great number of seedlings with low richness of species, pattern III - low number of seedlings with great richness of species and pattern IV - low number of seedlings with low richness of species.

Winter diet of introduced red deer (Cervus elaphus) in woodland vegetation in Grampians National Park, western Victoria

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathryn Roberts ◽  
Martin Westbrooke ◽  
Singarayer Florentine ◽  
Simon Cook
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
National Park ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Deer Population ◽  
Dietary Preferences ◽  
Winter Diet ◽  
Woody Shrubs ◽  
Western Victoria ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Although red deer (Cervus elaphus) have the potential to play a major role in influencing the structure and composition of vegetation, little is known about the dietary preferences of red deer in Australia. In the Grampians National Park, Victoria, where there is a large, established red deer population, there has been concern over the condition of woodlands, with lack of perennial seedling recruitment observed. We estimated the diets of 12 red deer using macroscopic sorting techniques. We examined rumen contents of seven male and five female red deer from four woodland Ecological Vegetation Classes, which indicate that they act as intermediate feeders. A wide variety of plants were ingested, with evergreen tree species, small trees and woody shrubs making up a large proportion of the diet, along with grasses. This study found that red deer show significantly different dietary intake due to sex, with females consuming a diet much higher in grasses, while males consume more trees and shrubs. These findings have implications for the management of red deer populations within the park and broader implications for their effects on Australian ecosystems.

Frugivory and the fate of dispersed and non-dispersed seeds of six African tree species

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin A. Chapman ◽  
Lauren J. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Kibale National Park ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTThe relationship between seedling recruitment (under and away from parent trees) and the behaviour of seed dispersers and predators, was explored in a three-year study in Kibale National Park, Uganda. On the basis of 1261 hours of observation, the foraging activity of the diurnal frugivores which fed on fruit from six tree species was quantified. The fate of dispersed and non-dispersed seeds and seedlings was examined experimentally. The findings suggest that a trade-off exists between factors that promote seedling growth in areas with high seedling density and factors that promote dispersal by frugivores. For example, dispersal ofMimusops bagshaweiincreases both seed and seedling survival; seeds placed away from adult conspecifics had a 8% lower probability of disappearing than seeds placed under adults and seedlings away from adults had a 30% greater probability of surviving than seedlings grown under adults. In contrast, forUvariopsis congensis, dispersed seeds had a 56% greater probability of disappearing than seeds directly under a parent tree, while the survival of dispersed and non-dispersed seedlings was similar. Non-dispersed seed and seedling disappearance were correlated with the percentage of the fruit crop removed from focal trees, suggesting that the ability to survive under an adult maybe related to other aspects of the tree's life history.

RAPD markers reveal diversity within and among clonal and seedling stands of aspen in Yellowstone National Park, U.S.A.

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2088-2098 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Tuskan ◽  
K.E. Francis ◽  
S.L. Russ ◽  
W.H. Romme ◽  
M.G. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Yellowstone National Park ◽  
National Park ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Somatic Mutations ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Rapd Profile ◽  
Founder Event ◽  
Mature Stands ◽  
Recruitment Event

Fire in 1988 created a situation that allowed a rare aspen seedling recruitment event to occur within Yellowstone National Park. Through the use of (i) 194 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers from 14 select primers, (ii) measures of population diversity, and (iii) neighbor-joining analysis it was determined that the postfire aspen seedling population contains greater diversity within each of the four sampled stands than that found within all of the 10 sampled mature aspen stands that pre-existed the fire. Unlike previous studies, a large portion of the molecular variation in both the seedling and mature populations was partitioned among stands. Furthermore, variation was unexpectedly detected among ramets within each mature stand. The mature stands appear to be clonally derived, yet individual ramets within stands varied slightly and incrementally in their RAPD profile. These data suggest that somatic mutations may be occurring and accumulating in clonal aspen stands. A proposed scenario of stand establishment and development involving the accumulation of somatic mutations and elimination of genetically related seedlings arising from a rare founder event provides the theoretical basis for the observed differences among and within seedling and mature stands of aspen in Yellowstone National Park.

WILD ROBUSTA COFFEE (COFFEA CANEPHORA FROEHNER) SEEDLING RECRUITMENT AND SURVIVAL IN KIBALE NATIONAL PARK, UGANDA

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Hannington Oryem-Origa ◽  
MichaelJ.S. Magambo ◽  
John Kasenene M.
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
National Park ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Kibale National Park ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Robusta Coffee

Survival of wild robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) seedlings on the forest understorey in Kibale National Park was monitored and analyzed in response to a number of mortality factors, such as fungal diseases, herbivory, desiccation, trampling, and litter of other plant species. A comparison was made with wild coffee seedlings germinated in the laboratory and transplanted in the Botanic Garden under two light conditions. There was a general decrease in the number of coffee seedlings with time under all treatments and in all sites. Seedling mortality rate was initially rapid but later slowed down to a steady rate. Seedling mortality was highest on plots with intact ground vegetation cover and lowest on plots without ground vegetation and leaf litter. In the Botanic Garden, seedlings grown on plots partially illuminated had a much lower mortality rate and longer half-life than those grown on fully illuminated plots. Fungal infection affected the largest percentage of coffee seedlings, followed by herbivory. Trampling had the least effect on coffee seedlings. The effects of all mortality factors on coffee seedlings decreased with age under all treatments.

Patterns of Abies cephalonica seedling recruitment in Mount Aenos National Park, Cephalonia, Greece

2009 ◽  
Vol 258 (7) ◽  
pp. 1129-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia I. Politi ◽  
Margarita Arianoutsou ◽  
George P. Stamou
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Abies Cephalonica

Ultrastructural Localization of Phycocyanin in the Acidophilic, Thermophilic Alga, Cyanidium Caldarium

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 462-463
Author(s):  
M. R. Edwards ◽  
J. D. Mainwaring
Keyword(s):  
Yellowstone National Park ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Cyanidium Caldarium ◽  
Taxonomic Rank ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Laboratory Cultures

Although the general ultrastructure of Cyanidium caldarium, an acidophilic, thermophilic alga of questionable taxonomic rank, has been extensively studied (see review of literature in reference 1), some peculiar ultrastructural features of the chloroplast of this alga have not been noted by other investigators.Cells were collected and prepared for thin sections at the Yellowstone National Park and were also grown in laboratory cultures (45-52°C; pH 2-5). Fixation (glutaraldehyde-osmium), dehydration (ethanol), and embedding (Epon 812) were accomplished by standard methods. Replicas of frozenfracture d- etched cells were obtained in a Balzers apparatus. In addition, cells were examined after disruption in a French Press.

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