scholarly journals Variation of morphological needle characters of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) populations in different habitats

2011 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lech Urbaniak ◽  
Leszek Karliński ◽  
Remigiusz Popielarz
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Morphological Character ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Interindividual Variation ◽  
Needle Length ◽  
The Third ◽  
Edaphic Conditions ◽  
Flat Side ◽  
Character Correlations

We investigated the phenotypic variation of five morphological needle characters of Scots pine (<em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L.) in three populations. Two of the populations occurred in bogs and the third one formed a degraded fresh pine forest showing some features of a dry pine forest. The greatest variation was found in characters a (needle length), b and d, denoting the number of stomatal rows respectively on the convex and flat sides of the needle. Conversely, characters c and e (average number of stomata per 2 mm of needle length on the convex and the flat side of the needle) were stable, with little interindividual variation. The two bog populations and the dryland population exhibited different sets of character correlations. The interpopulation differentiational detected on the basis of morphological character expression was markedly influenced by both the different edaphic conditions, and the distinct genetic structure of the studied populations.

scholarly journals Variability of morphological needle traits of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) among populations from mountain and lowland regions of Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Łabiszak ◽  
Anetta Lewandowska-Wosik ◽  
Ewa Maria Pawlaczyk ◽  
Lech Urbaniak
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Convex Side ◽  
Needle Length ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Flat Side ◽  
Tatra Mts ◽  
The Right

AbstractThe main goal of this work was to examine interpopulational needle traits variability of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) from four mountain, one foothill and three lowland, natural populations located in Poland. This choice of locations was motivated by the presumed different origins of mountainous populations and the necessity to demonstrate how closely they are related to lowland populations. Variation in the studied populations was determined using seven morphological traits of needles: 1 - needle length, 2 - number of stomatal rows on the flat side of a needle, 3 - number of stomata per 2 mm of needle length on the flat side, 4 - number of stomatal rows on the convex side of a needle, 5 - number of stomata per 2 mm of needle length on the convex side, 6 - number of serrations per 2 mm of the needle length on the left side and 7 - number of serrations per 2 mm of the needle length on the right side. Biometric data were analysed statistically, and it was found that (i) needle traits differentiate studied populations; (ii) the postulated division of the population into two groups is reflected in the obtained results; and (iii) a particularly strong relationship was found between two relict pine populations from the Pieniny (Sokolica, Kazalnica, Czertezik) and Tatra Mts. (Wielke Koryciska), which may be the result of the common origins and history of these two populations

scholarly journals Interpopulation genetic-ecological variation of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Serbia

Genetika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Lucic ◽  
Vasilije Isajev ◽  
Rade Cvjeticanin ◽  
Ljubinko Rakonjac ◽  
Marijana Novakovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Ecological Variation ◽  
The Third

The genetic-ecological variation of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Serbia was studied in the populations at five localities in western and south-western Serbia. Three groups of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) populations were differentiated based on genetic research (seed protein analysis) and plant community research. The first group consists of Scots pine populations on Sargan (FMU ?Sargan?) and on Tara (FMU ?Kaluderske Bare?), where the forests belong to the community of Scots pine and Austrian pine (Pinetum sylvestris-nigrae Pavlovic 1951). The second group covers the localities Stolovi (FMU ?Radocelo-Crepuljnik?) and Zlatar (FMU ?Zlatar I?), where the forests belong to the community of Scots pine and spruce (Piceo abietis-Pinetum sylvestris Stefanovic 1960). The third group comprises the Scots pine population on Pester (FMU ?Dubocica-Bare?) which belongs to the community of Scots pine with erica (Erico-Pinetum sylvestris Stefanovic 1963). Cluster analysis was performed on the basis of seed protein data and showed that there are three groups of Scots pine populations. The three populations coincide with plant communities. The community of Scots pine with erica (Erico-Pinetum sylvestris Stefanovic 1963) recorded on Pester at the locality ?Dubocica- Bare? in the area of FE ?Golija? Ivanjica, is a special Scots pine population displayed at the greatest distance from all other populations in the cluster analysis dendrogram.

The effect of crown position and tree age on resin-canal density in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) needles

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 1257-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinxing Lin ◽  
D A Sampson ◽  
R Ceulemans
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Resin Canal ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Needle Length ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crown Position ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Resin Canals

Resin canals are an important taxonomic characteristic in conifers. In this paper we examined within- and between-needle variation of the cross-sectional number of resin canals in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Variation within needles was determined from 12 free-hand sections taken along the whole length of foliage collected from a common crown position. The effect of crown location and tree age on resin-canal density was also examined from the midpoint cross sections of 450 Scots pine needles collected from interior and exterior locations from the top, middle, and bottom of 25 crowns of trees ranging in age from 8 to 70 years. Within-needle resin-canal density varied with needle length. Two resin canals were typical for the basal and the terminal needle cross sections. There were 3.2 and 8.6 resin canals for cross sections taken from 10 and 30% of the needle length from the basal sheath, respectively. Resin-canal density was largest, and relatively constant, between 30 and 80% of the needle length. We found significant differences in the cross-sectional number of needle resin canals, as influenced by crown positions and tree age. Resin-canal density increased with foliage height. Foliage from the top one-third of crowns had significantly more resin canals than foliage from the bottom. Foliage collected from the crown interior (proximal to the stem) had fewer resin canals than samples from the crown edge. Resin-canal density increased from 7.1 to 10.3 as tree age increased from 8 to 70 years. These results suggest that crown position and tree age need to be incorporated into the sampling protocols used to establish species standards in resin-canal density, at least for Scots pine, if meaningful comparisons are to be made.Key words: resin canal, needle age, crown position, needle anatomy, Pinus sylvestris.

scholarly journals Scots pine Pinus sylvestris mortality after surface fire in oligotrophic pine forest Peucedano-Pinetum in Kampinos National Park

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Łukasz Tyburski ◽  
Piotr T. Zaniewski ◽  
Leszek Bolibok ◽  
Mateusz Piątkowski ◽  
Andrzej Szczepkowski
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
National Park ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Organic Horizon ◽  
Fire Intensity ◽  
Litter Layer ◽  
Surface Fire ◽  
The Third

Abstract Pines are generally fire-resistant trees. There is a shortage of research on the behaviour of Scots pine after surface fire in older stands. The aim of the work was to describe the effect of the surface fire intensity on the mortality of pines of various diameter at breast height (DBH), including older trees. The research was conducted in Peucedano-Pinetum oligotrophic Scots-pine forest in Kampinos National Park (KPN, central Poland) on the area of two adjacent surface fire sites originated in spring 2015 in 60- to 200-year-old stands (site area: 10,92 ha). There were 45 (28 burned and 17 control) permanent plots established after the fire. The share of not burned, superficially burned and completely burnout organic horizon of the soil was determined within all of them. DBH and location of pine trees were measured within all of the plots on the area of 200 m2. For all of the trees for which full information about soil organic horizon damage was mapped, the prevailing type of disturbance in their close neighbourhoods with radii of 1 and 2 m was assessed. The mortality of trees was assessed after each vegetation period up to 2017, basing on the presence of green needles on the trees. The influence of fire intensity on the survival of trees was examined on whole permanent plot level as well as on individual tree level. Strong linear correlation was observed between Scots pine mortality and the share of plots area with damaged organic layer, especially at the end of the third vegetation period after fire. Logistic regression models constructed for individual trees suggest that bigger tree diameter (hence, thicker bark) diminished the odds of mortality only after two vegetation periods from the fire. After the third vegetation period, only the intensity of surface fire in the close neighbourhood of trees influenced (negatively) the chance on survival. The size of trees did no matter in this case. Nearly all of the trees that were located within burnout organic matter areas died. The results did not support the commonly known mechanism of enhancement of bigger Scots pine tree survival after surface fire because of thicker bark responsible for heat protection. Probably, the main cause of observed mortality was not overheating of cambium but it was rather connected to massive fine root loses. Scots pines growing on oligotrophic arid sites modify their root system to explore topsoil layers with higher proportion of shallow roots, growing even in organic litter layer. This corresponds with massive (regardless of size) pine mortality within sites characterised by complete burnout of organic matter layer and very high survival in those ones with only surfacely burned litter layer. The results can improve the assessment of surface fires consequences in managed Scots pine stands growing in oligotrophic conditions.

Simulation of drought for a Scots pine forest (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the southern upper Rhine plain

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Wellpott ◽  
Florian Imbery ◽  
Dirk Schindler ◽  
Helmut Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Scots Pine Forest ◽  
Upper Rhine

scholarly journals The effect of beetles on the dispersal stages of Bursaphelenchus mucronatus Mamiya & Enda (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) in wood chips of Pinus sylvestris L.

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyrki Tomminen
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Hylobius Abietis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Bursaphelenchus Mucronatus ◽  
Dispersal Stage ◽  
Pine Wood Chips ◽  
Acanthocinus Aedilis

The effect of the presence of beetle adults (Monochamus galloprovincialis, Acanthocinus aedilis, Rhagium inquisitor and Hylobius abietis) in Scots pine wood chips on the occurrence of the third (Lᵢᵢᵢ) and the fourth (Lᵢᵥ) dispersal stage of the nematode Bursaphelenchus mucronatus was studied. Possible infestation of the beetles with Lᵢᵥ of the nematode while being in close contact with the pine chips was also explored. Adults of M. galloprovincialis and A. aedilis contributed to B. mucronatus Lᵢ formation in the chips. Callow adults of M. galloprovincialis were more efficient elicitors of moulting of Lᵢᵢᵢ into Lᵢᵥ than emerged beetles of the same species. Only M. galloprovincialis adults became infested with Lᵢᵥ callow beetles containing more nematodes than emerged beetles.

scholarly journals Variability of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) called Tabórz pine (Forest District Miłomłyn) expressed in analysis of morphology of needle traits and polymorphism of microsatellite DNA

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Lesiczka ◽  
Ewa M. Pawlaczyk ◽  
Bartosz Łabiszak ◽  
Lech Urbaniak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Microsatellite Dna ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Needle Length ◽  
Chloroplast Microsatellite ◽  
Forest District

Abstract Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is one of the most widespread forest trees in the world, ranging from southern Mediterranean mountains to eastern Siberia. 30 trees of Scots pine from the Miłomłyn Forest District were analyzed in terms of 7 nuclear and 8 chloroplast microsatellite DNA loci as well as 7 morphological needle traits. Nuclear microsatellites (Simple Sequence Repeats) have proved to be useful in studying phylogeographic and gene flow patterns in conifers and are being used to infer the demographic history of tree species. A population’s genetic diversity, in fact, represents an important criterion which could be applied in planning future forest management and breeding. Additionally, many elements of Scots pine morphology, including needle traits, are subject to environmental modification. However, the adaptability of those traits remains, to some extent, under genetic control. The trees we investigated here are called Tabórz pine located in the northeast of Poland. This population is described as one of the best in Poland and even in Europe regarding bio mass production, ductility and wood quality. The aim of the study was to determine variation and genetic structure within this population. An analysis of phenotypic differentiation showed that the traits which differed the most between individuals were needle length, the number of serrations per 2 mm of needle length along the right edge and the number of stomatal rows on the convex side of the needles. In Tabórz pine, we detected 30 different genotypes with 87 alleles as well as 28 haplotypes with 30 alleles. We also revealed a slight excess of homozygotes, but the population is still in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The Scots pine population from Tabórz furthermore showed a higher level of genetic diversity compared to stands from other Polish and European regions. This diversity may be the main factor impacting on the population’s wood quality and its breeding value.

scholarly journals Needle anatomy suggests hybridization between the relict turfosa form of Pinus sylvestris L. from the Gązwa peat bóg and typical Scots pine

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kornelia Polok ◽  
Marta Przybyła ◽  
Włodzimierz Pisarek ◽  
Ewa Chudzińska ◽  
Roman Zieliński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Needle Anatomy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Phenotypic Groups

The aim of this study was to characterize the turfosa form of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> from the Gazwa peat bog reserve in terms of 16 anatomical needle traits and to determine whether pines with a typical morphotype inhabiting the peat bog have been so successful thanks to hybridization with the unique tufosa ecotype. Investigations were conducted on three phenotypic groups of Scots pine growing in the peat bog. The first two groups consisted of 30 tufosa trees at the age of 117-217 years and 20 trees at the age of 30-85 years. The third group consisted of typical pines represented by 10 trees at the age of 20-55 years. In total 30 trees of typical pine, surrounding the peat bog, at the age of 100-150 years served as outgroup. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance with the F test, Tukey's test, and a number of multivariate analyses were used to estimate differences between the studied groups of trees based on 16 anatomical needle characteristics. The old turfosa form from the Gazwa reserve proved to be a unique and relict peat bog pine, as it was shown by the differences in 10 analyzed needle traits in comparison to pine with a typical morphotype growing in the areas surrounding the peat bog. The young typical pines have adapted to conditions found in the peat bog owing to hybridization with the turfosa forms. The young turfosa trees differed from the old turfosa trees and also they have probably been of a hybrid origin. The old turfosa form from the Gazwa reserve is a threatened ecotype due to its hybridization with pines from the population surrounding the peat bog.

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