scholarly journals Induction of shoot buds, multiplication and plantlet formation in seedling explants of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cv. Bryza in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-193
Author(s):  
Andrzej Gatz
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Cotyledonary Node ◽  
Explant Culture ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Shoot Buds ◽  
Plantlet Formation ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Cotyledon Explants ◽  
Bud Induction

In vitro shoot bud induction and multiplication as well as plantlets formation from different parts of 21-d old seedlings (shoot tip, cotyledonary node, distal part of cotyledon, acropetal section of hypocotyl) of <em>Capsicum annuum</em> L., cv. Bryza were compared. During 4 weeks of primary explant culture on initiation media, first shoot bud primordia appeared; they reminded leaf primordia and subsequently some of them underwent enlargement, some developed into leaves and leaf-like structures (mainly on cotyledon explants). The highest number of shoot bud primordia was noted on cotyledonary node explants, but they were smaller than those on the remaining types of the explants. The best response of shoot regeneration showed cotyledon explants on which most of shoot buds were formed in each from four treated passages. From shoot buds on elongation media after 4 weeks of culture rooted rosettes of leaves were achieved, and the extension of the culture time to eight weeks without subculture caused that the rosettes developed into plantlets. Throughout four successive passages plantlets were obtained from cotyledon and shoot tip explants.

scholarly journals In vitro Regeneration of Blepharispermum subsessile DC: An Endangered Medicinal Plant of Odisha, India using Cotyledon Explants

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranati Nayak ◽  
Kalidass C
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Shoot Buds ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Cotyledon Explants ◽  
Bud Induction

Multiple shoots were induced on cotyledon explants of in vitro grown seedlings of Blepharispermum subsessile DC, cultured on MS medium supplemented with various combinations and concentrations of BAP, IBA and GA3. The highest regenerative response was observed on medium containing 2.5 mg/l BAP where shoot buds initiated after 12 days of inoculation and about 32 shoots were produced in 30 days time. Addition of GA3 played a key role in leaf expansion and elongation of shoot buds. Addition of the auxin IBA to the induction medium resulted in more callus proliferation rather than shoot bud induction. The elongated shoots were transferred to root induction medium consisting of half strength MS supplemented with IAA, NAA and IBA. Highest rooting response (90%) was recorded in ½ MS supplemented with 1.0 mg/l IAA. Acclimatized plants were maintained in polybags with garden soil for future reintroduction program to their natural habitat.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 26(2): 255-266, 2016 (December)

scholarly journals Histological changes during the adventitious shoot formation in seedling explants of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultured in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-274
Author(s):  
Andrzej Gatz
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Cotyledonary Node ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Explant Culture ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Seedling Explants

Adventitious shoots differentiated directly from explant tissue without intermediate callus on all types of examined explants (shoot tip, cotyledonary node, cotyledon and hypocotyl) of <em>Capsicum annuum</em> L. cv. Bryza. First cell divisions took place as early as after 3 days of explant culture within epidermal and subepidermal layers of explants, and in the case of cotyledon also within mesophyll cells located near epidermis. Mitotic activity in these layers led to the formation of meristemoids (meristematic centres). In all types of studied explants, meristematic centres appeared approximately at the same time (after about 7 days of culture). In the second week bud primordia began to differentiate from meristematic centres. Subsequently some of shoot primordia developed into leaves and leaf-like structures (mainly on cotyledon explants), and also into adventitious buds with well developed apical meristem and leaf primordia.

scholarly journals Response of cotyledon explants of Capsicum annuum L. cv. kujawianka to chosen plant growth regulators in in vitro culture

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Fraś ◽  
Krystyna Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Shoot Buds ◽  
Cotyledon Explants ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L

Shoot buds originated directly on cotyledon explants of <em>Capsicum annuum</em> L. cv. Kujawianka, when Linsmaier and Skoog medium was enriched with BAP (2 mg/l). Kinetin (2 mg/l) or kinetin with IAA (1 mg/l + 1 mg/l) induced indirect shoot buds regeneration from callus. Rooting was obtained with explants cultivated on a medium containing NAA (0,5 mg/l). Occurrence of the early stages of differentiation was proved at the histological level.

scholarly journals Glutamine enhances competence for organogenesis in pineapple leaves cultivated in vitro

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina M. Hamasaki ◽  
Eduardo Purgatto ◽  
Helenice Mercier
Keyword(s):  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Shoot Buds ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Shoot Induction Medium ◽  
Pineapple Leaves

Leaf bases of pineapple cultured on a shoot induction medium (SIM) produced protuberances followed by shoot-buds via direct organogenesis at a frequency of 46 %. When 8 mM glutamine (gln) was a supplement to SIM (SIM8gln), the regeneration rate increased to 70 %, thus suggesting that 8mM gln increased explant competence for organogenesis. Besides this, shoot vigor was strongly enhanced in SIM8gln. Other gln concentrations (16 or 32 mM) evoked a lower frequency of shoot-bud induction and number of regenerated shoots per explant when compared to SIM8gln. In this study, it was defined that explant organogenic commitment to form shoot-buds occurred in the first 7 days of culture on SIM8gln. Thereafter, endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinin (4 types) measurements were carried out during this period, that is, during the induction phase of shoot-bud formation. The IAA content increased greatly until the 5th day in the leaf bases cultured on SIM8gln. No such change in IAA concentration was observed in the explants cultivated on SIM or in the presence of the highest gln concentration (32 mM), this being inhibitory to the organogenic process. The only natural cytokinin detected was isopentenyladenine. An increase of 50 % in the level of this phytohormone occurred in leaf bases cultured on SIM8gln at the 5th day, when compared to SIM or of 170% compared to SIM32gln. These results suggest that 8 mM gln favorably influenced the organogenic process through changes in IAA and iP concentrations in pineapple leaves.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of the wild legume Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC. from coastal sand dunes

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
Melwyn D'Cunha ◽  
Kandikere Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Coastal Sand Dunes ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Cotyledon Explants ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Coastal Sand ◽  
Wild Legume

Micropropagation of the wild legumeCanavalia rosea(Sw.) DC. from coastal sand dunesThe wild legumeCanavalia rosea(known in India asC. maritima) grows on coastal sand dunes of Southwest India. Anthers and 8 other explant types of this species (tender pods, cotyledons of ripened beans, cotyledons of germinated dry seeds, hypocotyls, young shoot buds, nodes, internodes, and roots) were used for in vitro culture. Among them, cotyledons and hypocotyls of germinated dry seeds showed a positive response. Friable callus production was seen within 4 weeks at the cut ends of cotyledon explants in MS medium fortifed with 1 mg L-1each of BAP and 2iP. Cotyledon explants of seedlings also showed shoot bud induction in MS medium with 0.5 mg L-1each of BAP and 2iP. Increased shoot bud induction was seen at elevated concentrations of hormones (7-27%). Hypocotyls inserted upside down on the medium with 1 mg L-1each of BAP and 2iP, gave rise to leafy shoots within 4 weeks. Solitary or multiple somatic embryos emerged from the 10 week-old calli of cotyledons supplemented with 1.5 mg L-1each of BAP and 2iP. Secondary embryos were also induced in some of the somatic embryos. Hypocotyls excised from 3-5-day-old seedlings in MS medium at low concentrations of auxins, produced roots within 3 weeks. The stem cuttings treated with IBA (0.25 mg L-1) increased the percentage of rooting response. Conventional methods of propagation ofC. roseathrough seeds may fail due to seed dormancy and mortality of the seedlings under the hostile conditions of coastal sand dunes, thus in vitro and ex vitro culture and hardening techniques may be feasible for rehabilitation. Moreover, such cultured tissues may serve for extraction of secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals Nutrient optimization for improved in vitro plant regeneration in Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. and assessment of genetic fidelity using RAPD analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-234
Author(s):  
Shruti Bardar ◽  
Varsha Khurana Kaul ◽  
Sumita Kachhwaha ◽  
SL Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Basal Medium ◽  
Genetic Fidelity ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Nutrient Level ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Eclipta Alba ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Regeneration Response

This study highlights the effect of different inorganic micronutrients like copper, cobalt, molybdenum, zinc, boron, iodine, iron and manganese in accelerating and amplifying in vitro shoot bud induction and proliferation of a medicinally important plant, Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. Direct shoot bud induction was observed on MS fortified with Kn (2 mg/l). However, maximum number of shoots was achieved when GA3, 0.5 mg/l was added to induction medium along with 1?M copper sulphate (ten times the normal MS level). Optimization of nutrient level in the basal medium promoted maximum regeneration response from both shoot tips and nodal explants. Elongated shoots were rooted in MS supplemented with IBA, 1.0 mg/l. Healthy, green plantlets with well developed roots, flowered normally in the field. Genetic stability of micropropagated plantlets was evaluated using RAPD markers. The amplification products were monomorphic in micropropagated plantlets and similar to those of mother plant revealing the genetic uniformity of plantlets. The regeneration protocol is highly efficient and reproducible so would be useful for mass multiplication, ex situ conservation and genetic transformation of E. alba (L.) Hassk.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 24(2): 223-234, 2014 (December)

scholarly journals Clonal Propagation In Vitro of Paphiopedilum Hybrids from Adult Plants

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1565-1569
Author(s):  
Vi Nguyen Tuong Do ◽  
Shan-Te Hsu ◽  
Yung-I Lee
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Shoot Tip Explants ◽  
Adult Plants

The aim of this study was to develop an efficient protocol for shoot tip culture from adult plants of Paphiopedilum Pfitzer. A considerable seasonal effect on explant collection was observed in the aseptic cultures established from adult plants, including the survival and microbial contamination of explants. The shoot tip explants excised from adult plants in February and May showed higher survival and had less contamination than those explants excised in August and November. Moreover, the season of explant collection also affected the subsequent shoot forming capacity and multiplication of axillary buds. In Paphiopedilum ‘In-Charm Silver Bell’, higher shoot forming capacity was observed in February and May, whereas higher shoot multiplication was observed only in February. In Paphiopedilum ‘Hsinying Maudiae Leopard’, both February and May were optimal timing for shoot forming capacity and multiplication. We also demonstrated the effectiveness of transcinnamic acid (tCA), an antiauxin chemical in diminishing the apical dominance of shoot tip explant and thus improving the axillary bud outgrowth. In P. ‘In-Charm Silver Bell’, the addition of 100 μM tCA plus 13.3 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) for 1 month promoted axillary shoot bud formation from shoot tip explants as compared with the control.

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