scholarly journals Phosphate status and acid phosphatase activity in soil and ectomycorrhizas in two mature stands of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) exposed to different levels of anthropogenic pollution

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Kieliszewska-Rokicka
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Polluted Site ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Reference Plot ◽  
Soil Acid Phosphatase

The relations between anthropogenic environmental pollution and the level of inorganic phosphorus in soil, enzyme activities of extracellular soil acid phosphatase and the surface acid phosphatase of excised ectomycorrhizas of Scots pine (<em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L.) were studied. Soil and root samples were taken from two Scots pine stands in central Poland: a polluted site exposed to long-term pollution from a steelworks and the city of Warsaw and a reference plot (control) free from direct impact of pollution. The polluted site was characterised by high concentration of trace elements (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr) and low level of inorganic phosphate in soil. This site had significantly lower enzyme activities of soil acid phosphatase (0.54 µmoles <em>p</em>-nitrophenol released g<sup>-1</sup> dry weight h<sup>-1</sup>) and surface acid phosphatase of pine ectomycorrhizas (3.37 µmoles <em>p</em>-nitrophenol released g<sup>-1</sup> fresh weight h<sup>-1</sup>) than the control site (1.36 µmoles <em>p</em>-nitrophenol released g<sup>-1</sup> dry weight h<sup>-1</sup> and 12.46 µmoles <em>p</em>-nitrophenol released g<sup>-1</sup> fresh weight h<sup>-1</sup>, respectively). The levels of phosphate, carbon and nitrogen in pine fine roots were also analysed. Low concentrations of P0<sub>4</sub>-P and high N: P ratio in pine fine roots from polluted site were found. The results suggest that soil pollutants may have a negative effect on the extracellular acid phosphatase of soil and Scots pine ectomycorrhizas and on the phosphorus status in fine roots of the plant.

Fertilization in a mature Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand—effects on fine roots

1988 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Ahlström ◽  
Hans Persson ◽  
Inger Börjesson
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Fine Roots

scholarly journals Acid phosphatase activity in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal Scots pine seedlings in relation to nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Kieliszewska-Rokicka
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Mycorrhizal Roots ◽  
Axenic Conditions ◽  
And Control

Mycorrhizal and control seedlings of Scots pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) were grown under axenic conditions at various concentrations of nitrogen (0.17 mM, 3.78 mM, 18.92 mM) and phosphorus (0.25 mM, 5.58 mM, 23.5 mM). Enzyme activities of soluble acid phosphatase of excised roots (surface-accessible activity) and of crude enzyme preparations of root tissue (total soluble activity) were analyzed in control and mycorrhizal seedlings. The content of P in pine shoot was also measured. The intermediate supply of nitrogen and phosphorus (N = 3.78 mM, P= 5.58 mM) was optimal for development of ectomycorrhizae. Activity of acid phosphatase was stimulated by higher levels of N in the soil and was higher in mycorrhizal than non-mycorrhizal roots. Pine roots had greater acid phosphatase activity at the reduced than at the higher P concentrations. The presence of mycorrhizae increased the activities of both surface-accessible and total soluble enzyme activities at lower P supply (0.25 mM, 5.58 mM) and decreased it significantly at the highest P concentration (23.5 mM). P content in shoots was higher in mycorrhizal than non-mycorrhizal seedlings.

Effects of Short Term Ether and Pentobarbital Anesthesia on Bone and Cartilage Metabolism

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Simmons ◽  
P. A. Lesker
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Epiphyseal Cartilage ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pentobarbital Anesthesia ◽  
Cartilage Metabolism ◽  
And Cartilage

The effects of stress due to brief (4–5 min) ether and pentobarbital anesthesia vs. decapitation on assays of seven enzymes in homogenates of synovium, articular and epiphyseal cartilage, and metaphyseal and cortical bone were compared. Etherization caused twofold changes in synovial and articular cartilage G-6-PDH, LDH, CPK, glutamic DH, and ICDH based on tissue dry weight and DNA content. Pentobarbital anesthesia produced only slightly lower activities, per gram DNA, of LDH, acid phosphatase, and glutamic-DH in cortical bone. Epiphyseal cartilage metabolism was unaffected by either mode of anesthesia. No differences could be detected between the levels of enzyme activities of the several tissues taken from rats that had been decapitated or anesthetized with pentobarbital. The changes in enzyme activities suggested that pentobarbital was non-stressful and appropriate to metabolic studies in the skeleton.

Methane emissions from Scots pine and Norway spruce in the spring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salla Tenhovirta ◽  
Lukas Kohl ◽  
Markku Koskinen ◽  
Marjo Patama ◽  
Mari Pihlatie
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Atmospheric Methane ◽  
Geophysical Research ◽  
Custom Made

&lt;p&gt;Plant shoots can emit methane (CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) which is produced by an unknown aerobic, non-enzymatic process within the plant. Only a few publications report shoot CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes outside a laboratory setting, and those of boreal trees come to contradictory results (Machacova et al., 2016; Sundqvist et al., 2012).&amp;#160; Resolving the CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes of boreal trees is needed in order to understand the role of boreal forests in the global methane budget.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We conducted shoot chamber measurements on Scots pine (&lt;em&gt;Pinus sylvestris&lt;/em&gt;) and Norway spruce (&lt;em&gt;Picea abies&lt;/em&gt;) between April and May 2019, to find out if the shoots of boreal conifer trees are a source of aerobic CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; during the early growing season. The experiment was done with potted 2-3 year old nursery saplings in a common garden experiment, to enable regular measurements over a period of six weeks. CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes were measured 2-3 times per day, on two days per week from seven saplings (four &lt;em&gt;P. sylvestris&lt;/em&gt; and three &lt;em&gt;P. abies&lt;/em&gt;, respectively). We also conducted two around the clock campaigns where we measured the saplings hourly throughout the day and night. The CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; and carbon dioxide (CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) exchange were quantified with a portable LGR online greenhouse gas analyser connected in closed loop to custom-made, transparent shoot chambers. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was measured concurrently with a PP Systems EGM-4 monitor.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our measurements show emissions of CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; from both tree species, ranging from 0.25 to 7.64 and -0.45 to 6.42 g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; needle dry weight h&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; (inter-quartile range) from &lt;em&gt;P. sylvestris&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;P. abies &lt;/em&gt;shoots, respectively. The shoot CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; emissions from both species correlated positively with PAR. During the around the clock measurements the emissions showed a diurnal pattern. Our experiment demonstrates that the shoots of both &lt;em&gt;P. sylvestris&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;P. abies&lt;/em&gt; can be a source of CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; in the spring and that the source process is likely driven by solar irradiation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;References&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Machacova, K., B&amp;#228;ck, J., Vanhatalo, A. et al. 2016. Pinus sylvestris as a missing source of nitrous oxide and methane in boreal forest. Scientific Reports, 6(September 2015), 1&amp;#8211;8.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sundqvist, E., Crill, P., Mlder, M. et al. 2012. Atmospheric methane removal by boreal plants. Geophysical Research Letters, 39(21), 10&amp;#8211;15.&lt;/p&gt;

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