scholarly journals Some aspects of interactions between heavy metals and plant mineral nutrients

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Siedlecka
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Plant Metabolism ◽  
Plant Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Heavy Metals Toxicity ◽  
Nutrients Availability ◽  
Heavy Metals Uptake

Heavy metals are aggresive environmental pollutants. They are easily taken up by plants and they are strong stess factors for plant metabolism. Heavy metals influence includes also disturbances in plant mineral nutrition by competition with other nutrients. Typical symptoms of heavy metals toxicity are often similar or even the same like symptoms of some essential nutrients deficiency. The aim of this paper is to discuss mechanisms of some heavy metals uptake and possible ways of their influence on some basic and trace nutrients availability for plants. Attention is also paid to regulatory relationships among groups of heavy metals themselves. Moreover, possibilities and limitations in revitalization of heavy metal-treated plants by micro-, and macronutrient supply are discussed.

Isolation and characterization of heavy metal tolerant Gram-positive bacteria with bioremedial properties from municipal waste rich soil of Kestopur canal (Kolkata), West Bengal, India

Biologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamala Gupta ◽  
Chitrita Chatterjee ◽  
Bhaskar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Bacillus Weihenstephanensis

AbstractThe present study was conducted to determine the culturable bacterial profile from Kestopur canal (Kolkata, India) and analyze their heavy metal tolerance. In addition to daily sewage including solid and soluble wastes, a considerable load of toxic metals are released into this water body from industries, tanneries and agriculture, household as well as health sectors. Screening out microbes from such an environment was done keeping in mind their multifunctional application especially for bioremediation. Heavy metals are major environmental pollutants when present in high concentration in soil and show potential toxic effects on growth and development in plants and animals. Some edible herbs growing in the canal vicinity, and consumed by people, were found to harbour these heavy metals at sub-toxic levels. The bioconcentration factor of these plants being <1 indicates that they probably only absorb but not accumulate heavy metals. All the thirteen Grampositive bacteria isolated from these plants rhizosphere were found to tolerate high concentration of heavy metals like Co, Ni, Pb, Cr, Fe. Phylogenetic analysis of their 16S rDNA genes revealed that they belonged to one main taxonomic group — the Firmicutes. Seven of them were found to be novel with 92–95% sequence homology with known bacterial strains. Further microbiological analyses show that the alkaliphilic Bacillus weihenstephanensis strain IA1 and Exiguobacterium aestuarii strain CE1, with selective antibiotic sensitivity along with high Ni2+ and Cr6+ removal capabilities, respectively, can be prospective candidates for bioremediation.

scholarly journals Effects of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Heavy Metals (Pb, Zn, and Cd) on Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Pinus halepensis Seedlings in North Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2033
Author(s):  
Chadlia Hachani ◽  
Mohammed S. Lamhamedi ◽  
Claudio Cameselle ◽  
Susana Gouveia ◽  
Abdenbi Zine El Abidine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
High Concentrations

The pollution of soils by heavy metals resulting from mining activities is one of the major environmental problems in North Africa. Mycorrhizoremediation using mycorrhizal fungi and adapted plant species is emerging as one of the most innovative methods to remediate heavy metal pollution. This study aims to assess the growth and the nutritional status of ectomycorrhizal Pinus halepensis seedlings subjected to high concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cd for possible integration in the restoration of heavy metals contaminated sites. Ectomycorrhizal and non-ectomycorrhizal P. halepensis seedlings were grown in uncontaminated (control) and contaminated soils for 12 months. Growth, mineral nutrition, and heavy metal content were assessed. Results showed that ectomycorrhizae significantly improved shoot and roots dry masses of P. halepensis seedlings, as well as nitrogen shoot content. The absorption of Pb, Zn, and Cd was much higher in the roots than in the shoots, and significantly more pronounced in ectomycorrhizal seedlings—especially for Zn and Cd. The presence of ectomycorrhizae significantly reduced the translocation factor of Zn and Cd and bioaccumulation factor of Pb and Cd, which enhanced the phytostabilizing potential of P. halepensis seedlings. These results support the use of ectomycorrhizal P. halepensis in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated sites.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Uptake of Salty Soils by Ornamental Sunflower, Using Cow Manure and Biosolids: A Case Study in Alborz city, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117862211989846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmadreza Yazdanbakhsh ◽  
Seyed Nadali Alavi ◽  
Seyed Alireza Valadabadi ◽  
Fatemeh Karimi ◽  
Zainab Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Heavy Metals Uptake

Heavy metals are among the most critical environmental pollutants close to industrial areas. One example is the cultivated fields in the south of Alborz industrial city in Iran, which is irrigated by treated industrial wastewater. It is contaminated by heavy metals and irrigation with wastewater treatment plants effluent, which made it salty. In this study, the application of 2 amendments, biosolids and cow manure, in improving the heavy metal accumulation in the ornamental sunflower from these types of soils was investigated. A greenhouse experiment using a completely randomized design with 4 replications and applying cow manure and biosolids in 3 weight ratios (6%, 12%, 25%) was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of sunflower in removing Pb, Ni, and Zn from the soil. Adding the amendments increased the rate of germination by 50% to 176%. Although the simultaneous utilization of cow manure in high ratios with biosolids and cow manure with low biosolids decreased the sunflower survival, nonetheless, the simultaneous addition of these organic amendments could increase the survival rate in other treatments. Moreover, the plants’ biomass was increased by adding modifiers such as cow manure and biosolids. The results showed that in treatments with 2 modifiers, the remediation factor of Pb, Zn, and Ni has increased 83.7 to 95.5, 78.4 to 87.5, and 74.9 to 94.9, respectively, in comparison to the control one. Therefore, we conclude that adding biosolids and cow manure simultaneously could improve the ornamental sunflower ability to accumulate heavy metals.

Plant-Microorganism Combined Remediation for Sediments Contaminated with Heavy Metals

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1223-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Chen ◽  
Lei Chao ◽  
Li Na Sun ◽  
Tie Heng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Zinc Plant ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Heavy Metals Uptake ◽  
Hyperaccumulator Plant ◽  
Enrichment Characteristics

In order to investigate the effects of four heavy metal tolerant microorganisms, Staphylococcus pasteuri (X1), Agrobacterium tumefaciens (X2), Penicillium chrysogenum (Z1) and Paecilomyces lavender (Z2), on heavy metals uptake by the heavy metal tolerance plant-maize and the cadmium hyperaccumulator plant-Beta vulgaris var. cicla L., a pot experiment with sediments was conducted. Through comparing the overall situations of four microorganisms’ role in enhancing maize and Beta vulgaris var. cicla L. to gather cadmium, lead, copper and zinc, plant biomasses, and enrichment characteristics, the combination of bacterium X2, fungus Z2 and these two plants can effectively repair these four heavy metals in sediments.

scholarly journals Bioremediation Options for Heavy Metal Pollution

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 191203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meena Kapahi ◽  
Sarita Sachdeva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Heavy Metal Leaching ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Financial Interests

Background. Rapid industrialization and anthropogenic activities such as the unmanaged use of agro-chemicals, fossil fuel burning and dumping of sewage sludge have caused soils and waterways to be severely contaminated with heavy metals. Heavy metals are non-biodegradable and persist in the environment. Hence, remediation is required to avoid heavy metal leaching or mobilization into environmental segments and to facilitate their extraction. Objectives. The present work briefly outlines the environmental occurrence of heavy metals and strategies for using microorganisms for bioremediation processes as reported in the scientific literature. Methods. Databases were searched from different libraries, including Google Scholar, Medline and Scopus. Observations across studies were then compared with the standards for discharge of environmental pollutants. Discussion. Bioremediation employs microorganisms for removing heavy metals. Microorganisms have adopted different mechanisms for bioremediation. These mechanisms are unique in their specific requirements, advantages, and disadvantages, the success of which depends chiefly upon the kind of organisms and the contaminants involved in the process. Conclusions. Heavy metal pollution creates environmental stress for human beings, plants, animals and other organisms. A complete understanding of the process and various alternatives for remediation at different steps is needed to ensure effective and economic processes. Competing interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of Pollutants in Waste Water from Pharmaceutical, Textile and Local Dye Effluent in Lagos, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idowu A. Aneyo ◽  
Funmilayo V. Doherty ◽  
Olumide A. Adebesin ◽  
Mariam O. Hammed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
World Health ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
The World

Background. Discharged effluents from industry have been responsible for the deterioration of the aquatic environment in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries. Increasing industrialization and urbanization have resulted in the discharge of large amounts of waste into the environment, resulting in high pollution loads. Utilization of microbes such as fungi and bacteria have been used for pollution degradation. Objectives. The aim of this research was to utilize microbial agents such as fungi and bacteria to reduce pollutant loads such as heavy metals in effluent samples. Methods. Three types of effluent (pharmaceutical, textile effluent, and dye) were obtained from Surulere in Lagos Metropolitan Area, Nigeria. Heavy metals analysis was carried out using a flame atomic adsorption spectrophotometer according to standard methods. Samples were cultured for microbes and identified. Bacteria samples were inoculated on nutrient agar and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Fungi counts were carried out using potato dextrose agar and incubated at 28°C for 3–5 days. The isolated organisms were identified based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics. Then 100 mL of the effluents was dispensed into 250 mL flasks, and the pH of the medium was adjusted to 7.2 by the addition of either sodium hydroxide or hydrogen chloride and autoclaved at 121°C for 15 minutes. The autoclaved flask was inoculated with 1 mL of bacteria and fungi for 21 days and pH was recorded properly every 48 hours. Results. The results of the physicochemical parameters indicated that conductivity, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand for all the three industrial effluents were higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limits. Heavy metal analysis results show that the effluents had high values for cadmium, above the WHO limit of 0.003 mg/L. Concentrations of zinc ranged from 0.136–1.690 mg/L, and nickel ranged between 0.004–0.037mg/L for the three effluents, within the WHO limit. The identified bacteria were Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi and Bacillus cereus and isolated fungi were Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium chrysogenum. All the physicochemical parameters and heavy metal concentrations were reduced after the biodegradation study in the effluents. Conclusions. The responses observed in the various microbes indicated that the use of microbes for the reduction of environmental pollutants has an advantage over the use of other methods because it is environmentally friendly, low cost, and no new chemicals are introduced into the environment. This method should be encouraged for pollution reduction to bring about ecosystem sustainability advocated for Ghana.

scholarly journals PHYTOREMEDIATION FOR HEAVY METAL‐CONTAMINATED SOILS COMBINED WITH BIOENERGY PRODUCTION

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Van Ginneken ◽  
Erik Meers ◽  
Ruben Guisson ◽  
Ann Ruttens ◽  
Kathy Elst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Rape Seed ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Recovery Techniques ◽  
Heavy Metals Uptake

In June 2007, a project started in Flanders (Belgium) in which we will apply phytoremediation to clean soils that are diffusely polluted with heavy metals. Uptake ranges of heavy metals by rape seed, maize and wheat will be enhanced by increasing the bioavailability of these heavy metals by the addition of biodegradable physico‐chemical agents and by stimulating the heavy‐metal uptake capacity of the microbial community in and around the plant. In addition, the harvested biomass crops will be converted into bioenergy by using different energy‐recovery‐techniques. The energy and heavy metal mass balances will be compared for four different energy‐recovery techniques (anaerobic digestion, incineration, gasification and production of biodiesel). The overall information obtained will result in an economic evaluation of the use of phytoremediation combined with bioenergy production for the remediation of sites which are diffusely polluted with heavy metals. In the present review we will first explain the most important research steps investigated in our phytoremediation project. Secondly, an overview of literature discussing the phytoremediation capacity of rape seed to clean soils that are contaminated with heavy metals and the possibilities to produce biodiesel from this (heavy metal polluted) rape seed will be discussed in more detail.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Sources and Their Effects on Human Health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narjala Rama Jyothi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Atomic Weight ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Heavy Metal Exposure ◽  
Iron Cobalt ◽  
Heavy Metals Toxicity ◽  
Route Of Exposure ◽  
Definition Of

Heavy metals are defined in many ways, based on various factors such as density and atomic weight. Some of the heavy metals are essential as nutrients for humans such as iron, cobalt and, zinc in small quantities but are toxic in higher quantities. But few metals, such as lead, cadmium and, mercury are poisonous even in small quantities. The toxicity of heavy metals is depending on concentration,period of exposure and route of exposure. Heavy metal exposure takes place on human beings through inhalation from the atmosphere, intake through drinking water and, ingestion through the skin by dermal contact. The present chapter describes the definition of heavy metals, sources of these heavy metals, toxicity and, their impact on various environmental segments, such as air, water and, soil.

Moss Biomonitoring in Former Sovet Union Countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 511-529
Author(s):  
Inga Zinicovscaia ◽  
Nikita Yushin ◽  
Konstantin Vegel ◽  
Dmitrii Grozdov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Moss Biomonitoring ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Air pollution is a worldwide environmental and health issue. Among environmental pollutants, heavy metals are the most dangerous due to their persistence and bioaccumulation in food chain. Assessment of heavy metal deposition using moss biomonitors is a cheap and effective technique, which was successfully applied in different European counties. The present work revises application of passive biomonitoring in former Soviet Union countries: Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Moldova, Russia, and Ukraine. The air pollution sources in each country were identified. The mean concentration of elements considered as environmental pollutants were compared in order to detect the most polluted countries on the post-Soviet space.

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