scholarly journals Studies on the interaction of growth regulators with potassium ions in some physiological processes in the bean (Phaseolus vulguris L.). II. The effect of potassium on growth of bean leaves and on their potassium and hormone levels

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-225
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Stopińska
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Bean Leaves

The subject of study was the effect of K on the growth of primary and trifoliate leaves of the bean and on their potassium and hormone levels. Bean seedlings were grown in Hoagland's water solution in which the potassium concentrations (K –NO<sub>3</sub>,) were 1 and 3 mM. The increase in the amount of potassium in bean leaves. elicited by increased K concentration in the medium or by partial defoliation. was correlated with a stimulation of growth of these organs and an increase in their H<sub>2</sub>O content. These effects were connected with an increase in the amount of ABA and bound GA and decrease in the amount of auxins. The effect of potassium on the level of free gibberellins and cytokinins depended on the kind of leaves. In young, i.e. trifoliate leaves_ K was found to have a positive effect on the level of free GA, whereas in older. i.e. primary leaves, this effect concerned the level of cytokinins.

scholarly journals Studies on the interaction of growth regulators with potassium ions in some physiological processes in the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). I. The effect of growth regulators on the growth of leaves and on the potassium level in leaves and roots

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-207
Author(s):  
Anna Stępińska
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Potassium Level ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Uptake And Transport

Bean plants were cultured on Hoagland's water solution for one or eight days. The following growth regulators: kinetin (10<sup>-7</sup> M), GA<sub>3</sub> (10<sup>-6</sup> M), IAA (10<sup>-6</sup> M) or ABA (5 x 10<sup>-5</sup> M) were introduced into solutions for 24h. The regulators were found to have a different effect on the potassium level in leaves and roots depending on whether it was assessed I or 8 days after treatment. The mechanism by which growth regulators affect the processes of ion uptake and transport and their relation to growth are discussed.

scholarly journals Studies on the interaction of growth regulators with potassium ions in some physiological processes in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). III The effect of growth regulators on growth, chlorophyll level and transpiration depending on potassium concentration

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-588
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Stopińska
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Chlorophyll Level

Leaf growth and chlorophyll level in GA<sub>3</sub>-treated bean, and leaf growth and transpiration intensity in ABA-treated bean plants were studied at two potassium concentrations in the medium (1 and 3 mM KNO<sub>3</sub>). The plants were grown on Hoagland's solution and growth regulators were applied to the shoot growth apexes. Both GA<sub>3</sub> and K<sup>+</sup> ions were found to stimulate growth of primary leaves and increase their potassium amount. GA<sub>3</sub> contrary to K<sup>+</sup> slightly decreased the potassium content in leaves Both factors reduced the chlorophyll content but did not affect the total chlorophyll amount in these organs Interaction between GA<sub>3</sub> and K<sup>+</sup> ions was of additive nature. The effect of ABA and K<sup>+</sup> ions on growth of both kinds of leaves and on the amount and content of potassium in them were antagonistic. The inhibitory effect of the hormone was stronger at higher potassium concentration in the medium. Either factor reduced transpiration intensity in leaves, however, the inhibitory effect of the growth regulator was stronger at lower potassium concentration. The potassium level modified both the physiological effect of the regulators and the sensitivity of bean particularly to ABA.

Program-Target Budgeting as a Tool for Investment Stimulation of Business

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Masterov
Keyword(s):  
Current Practice ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Program Budgeting ◽  
Large Investment ◽  
Stimulation Of

The paper discusses the use of the program-targeted budgeting methodology in the investment stimulation of business in the most problem sectors of the economy. The subject of the study is the dynamics of business activity in key economic sectors adversely affected by factors of the economic and geopolitical nature. The purposes of the study were to identify the key factors that have a negative impact on economic growth and seek options for investment stimulation of business activities in the most problem sectors of the economy using state budget funds. It is concluded that the current practice of budget investment is associated with significant risks and poor justification of investment decisions. Therefore, the American practice of the program budgeting in the implementation of large investment infrastructure projects using budget funds seems to be advantageous. Based on the research findings, methods for increasing the effectiveness of program-target budgeting tools under the Russian conditions are proposed.

On Research and Other Matters

1922 ◽  
Vol 26 (140) ◽  
pp. 325-330
Author(s):  
S. Heckstall Smith
Keyword(s):  
British Empire ◽  
Air Force ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Secretary Of State ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Stimulation Of

If the thought of another war troubles you, then don't read this article. If you would rather say to yourself as the Secretary of State said to the Air Conference, “ There won't be another war for ten years, so why worry? ” then no doubt you will think with him that it is better to let other nations have alk the bother and expense of trying to advance; after all, we are jolly fine fellows and can soon pick up. If, on the other hand, you have imagination which gives you a nasty queasy sensation when you think of what might be, then perhaps the following notes, albeit disjointed and mostly stale, may at least conjure up in you thoughts of your own on the subject. This is all that is needed to help, our advancement in the air–the stimulation of spoken and written thoughts by the British nation, for if every taxpayer in the British Empire says “ Air Force,” then the Press and Parliament will say it too.

Market exits during the pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-133
Author(s):  
E. V. Bessonova ◽  
S. M. Myakisheva ◽  
A. N. Tsvetkova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Potential ◽  
Efficiency Enhancement ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Young Firms ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Substantial Rise ◽  
Stimulation Of

The new coronavirus pandemic has triggered an economic crisis different from other crises in the acuteness and non-uniformity of its impact on various sectors of the economy. This paper analyzes how the dynamics of firms entering and exiting the market have changed in this environment and which groups of firms have shown to be the most vulnerable to the negative effect of the crisis. Our analysis shows that the number of newly registered firms dwindled sharply in the period of the toughest restrictions imposed to curtail the infection spread in April — May 2020. The recovery which followed in the subsequent months has failed to compensate for the spring’s slump, which may suggest a “scarring impact” of the crisis. July and October 2020 saw a substantial rise in companies’ exits from the market. The crisis has hurt not only the hardest hit industries but also other areas of economic activity. Liquidations rose most extensively among young firms aged less than three years. Relatively higher productivity firms exited less often than lower productivity companies. This may suggest a “cleansing effect” of the crisis. But with the redundant labor being unable to move to more productive firms, the positive effect of the crisis may be brought to naught. Therefore, for the consequences of the crisis to be remedied, incentives should be provided to new firms’ entries and support for efficient companies, especially for young firms showing growth potential. Stimulation of growth in the number of high-productivity firms should go hand in hand with the creation of conditions for new entities’ fast development, expansion, and efficiency enhancement.

scholarly journals An intermediate animal model of spinal cord stimulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Guiho ◽  
Christine Azevedo Coste ◽  
Claire Delleci ◽  
Jean-Patrick Chenu ◽  
Jean-Rodolphe Vignes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Spinal Cord Stimulation ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Large Animal Model ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Spinal Roots ◽  
And Control ◽  
Stimulation Of

Spinal cord injuries (SCI) result in the loss of movement and sensory feedback as well as organs dysfunctions. For example, nearly all SCI subjects loose their bladder control and are prone to kidney failure if they do not proceed to intermittent (self-) catheterization. Electrical stimulation of the sacral spinal roots with an implantable neuroprosthesis is a promising approach, with commercialized products, to restore continence and control micturition. However, many persons do not ask for this intervention since a surgical deafferentation is needed and the loss of sensory functions and reflexes become serious side effects of this procedure. Recent results renewed interest in spinal cord stimulation. Stimulation of existing pre-cabled neural networks involved in physiological processes regulation is suspected to enable synergic recruitment of spinal fibers. The development of direct spinal stimulation strategies aiming at bladder and bowel functions restoration would therefore appear as a credible alternative to existent solutions. However, a lack of suitable large animal model complicates these kinds of studies. In this article, we propose a new animal model of spinal stimulation -pig- and will briefly introduce results from one first acute experimental validation session.

Tetanic hyperpolarization of single medullated nerve fibers in sodium and lithium

1976 ◽  
Vol 231 (4) ◽  
pp. 1033-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Schoepfle
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Interspike Interval ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Repetitive Stimulation ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Medullated Nerve Fiber ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Stimulation Of

Repetitive stimulation of a single medullated nerve fiber of Xenopus yields a succession of postspike voltage-time curves which are nearly coincident until attainment of a voltage that corresponds to that of the maximum attained by the normal postspike undershoot. Initially the interspike potential returns toward a resting level after this brief phase of hyperpolarization. However, as tetanization proceeds, a pattern of hyperpolarization develops with the result that, in the tetanic steady state, there exists a progressive hyperpolarization throughout each interspike interval. Extent of postspike hyperpolarization in terms of a deviation deltaVm from the resting level of membrane potential is approximated by the variation deltaVm = delta[MNa + MK]/[GNa + GK] where MNa and MK are current densities associated with active pumping of sodium and potassium ions and GNa and GK are corresponding time-dependent leak conductances. Tetanic hyperpolarization is reversibly abolished by cyanide and by exposure to lithium Ringer. Eventual reappearance of tetanic hyperpolarization in the presence of lithium Ringer suggests lithium pumping.

scholarly journals The Influence of Rooting Substrate and Growth Regulators Indol butyric Acid and Naphthalene Acetic Acid in the Number and Length of Adventitious Roots to Hardwood Cuttings in Blueberry cv. ‘Bluecrop’ (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Sabri Braha ◽  
Petrit Rama
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Important Variation ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of the turf-only substrate and turf–perlite in the ratio 2:1 and of growth regulators in the quality of adventive roots ( the number and length) of well lignified one-year old branches without fruit buds in the Bluecrop cultivar (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) taken at the end of the latent period before budding at the February 15 th during the -2015 growing season. In order to support the increase of the number of roots and their length the hardwood cuttings are treated with different IBA and NAA concentrations (1500, 3000, 4500 ppm), while a part of cuttings were untreated control. The number and the length of roots have increased in relation to the increase of concentration from 1500 to 3000 ppm followed by a decline of these values in concentrations over 3000 ppm. Respectively, the number of roots (8) and the higher values of root length (4.6 cm) are achieved in the turf–perlite substrate, IBA 3000 ppm (compared to the turf-only substrate). The presence of perlite helps the aeration of the substrate and supports biochemical and physiological processes which lead to the inducing of adventive roots. Regarding the number and length of roots an important variation for (p<0.05) was observed between different concentrations of IBA and NAA. In general the effect of IBA was a lot better than the effect of NAA.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF TEAM PRODUCT TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ CREATIVITY IN WRITING AT SMPN 1 JONGGAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Zukhairatunniswah Prayati
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Product Method ◽  
8Th Grade ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Inferential Analysis ◽  
And Control ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

This study investigated the effect of team product to improve students’ creativity in writing at the 8th-grade students of SMPN 1 Jonggat, Central Lombok in the academic year 2018/2019. The research was designed as quasi experiment research. The students were divided into the experimental group and control group. The experimental group was treated using the team product method while the control group was subjected to a conventional method. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis. The data in this research was taken from the mean scores of students’ achievement and the score percentages. The subject of this research was the 8th-grade students of SMPN 1 Jonggat, which consisted of 54 students. The instruments of this research were tests and questionnaires. The mean score of students’ creativity in the experimental group was 75 and the writing skill was 76. It was higher than the students in the control group. It can be concluded that the team product had a positive effect on students’ writing skills in relation to creativity at SMPN 1 Jonggat.

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